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Bit error rate analysis of multilevel coding scheme and optimum error‐correcting capability assignment for impulsive noise

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Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part III: Fundamental Electronic Science) 1993年第3期76卷 105-115页

作者： Kaneda, Kazuyuki Ogiwara, Haruo Sasebo College of Technology Sasebo 857-11 Japan Faculty of Engineering Nagaoka University of Technology Nagaoka 940-21 Japan

The advantage of the multilevel coding scheme is that the coding can be performed independently for each level, and the optimal coding can easily be determined for the channel with superposed noise with arbitrary probability density distribution. To evaluate the performance of this coding scheme, an approximate formula for the bit error rate after decoding is derived. As an example, the channel with the impulsive noise is considered. Using the approximate formula, the error‐correcting capability is assigned optimally to the levels and the coding gain of 20 dB is obtained for the BCH code of code length 31. The foregoing result is confirmed by a computer simulation. A report has already been proposed for the case where the errors of the decoder outputs are randomized except for the top level, by interleaving among the levels. However, a problem arises in that the delay as well as the circuit scale is increased. From such a viewpoint, this paper discusses the case without inter‐leaving. Finally, the performances are compared between the cases with and without interleaving among levels. Copyright © 1993 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company

关键词： coding gain impulsive noise interleaving multilevel coding

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Space-Time Signal Design for multilevel Polar coding in Slow Fading Broadcast Channels

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2019年第9期67卷 5940-5952页

作者： Khoshnevis, Hossein Marsland, Ian Jafarkhani, Hamid Yanikomeroglu, Halim Carleton Univ Dept Syst & Comp Engn Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada Huawei Technol Canada Res Ctr Ottawa ON K2K 3J1 Canada Univ Calif Irvine Ctr Pervas Commun & Comp Irvine CA 92697 USA

Slow fading broadcast channels can model a wide range of applications in wireless networks. Due to delay requirements and the unavailability of the channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT), these channels for many applications are non-ergodic. The appropriate measure for designing signals in non-ergodic channels is the outage probability. In this paper, we provide a method to optimize space-time block codes (STBCs) based on the outage probability at moderate SNRs. multilevel polar coded-modulation is a new class of coded-modulation techniques that benefits from low-complexity decoders and simple rate matching. In this paper, we derive the outage optimality condition for multistage decoding and propose a rule for determining component code rates. We also derive an upper bound on the outage probability of STBCs for designing the set-partitioning-based labeling. Finally, due to the optimality of the outage-minimized STBCs for long codes, we introduce a novel method for the joint optimization of short-to-moderate length polar codes and STBCs.

关键词： Slow fading broadcast channel space-time signal design bit-to-symbol mapping design polar codes multilevel coding

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multilevel Modulation coding For Four-Level Holographic Data Storage Systems 13

Multilevel Modulation Coding For Four-Level Holographic Data...

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13th International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC)

作者： Chi Dinh Nguyen Nghia Xuan Pham Cuong Chinh Duong Luong Cong Nguyen Phenikaa Univ Fac Elect & Elect Engn Hanoi 12116 Vietnam A&A Green Phoenix Grp JSC Phenikaa Res & Technol Inst PRATI 167 Hoang Ngan Hanoi 11313 Vietnam Le Quy Don Tech Univ Fac Radioelect Engn Hanoi 100000 Vietnam Phenikaa Univ Fac Informat Technol Hanoi 12116 Vietnam

ISBN: (数字)9781728180656

ISBN: (纸本)9781728180656

The principal target of this study is to enhance the performance of the 4-level holographic data storage (HDS) systems by using a well-suited modulation code scheme. The HDS system is one of the most promising approaches for storing massive digital data for the next-generation optical data storage systems. However, the performance of retrieving data in the HDS system is severely affected by fatal interference (FI) patterns. The proposed coding design aims to get rid of all FI patterns during the recording procedure with reasonable computational complexity.

关键词： multilevel coding modulation coding holographic storage intersymbol interference

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Design of Serially Concatenated Two-Level Polar Coded Modulation System with Low-Complexity

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China Communications 2025年第1期22卷 102-110页

作者： Zhou Lin Liao Guojun Xu Lei An Ran Xie Xianzhong Wang Xi Xiamen Key Laboratory of Mobile Multimedia Communications College of Information Science and EngineeringHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China College of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China China Mobile Communications Group Fujian Co. Ltd.FuzhouFujian 350003China

multilevel coding(MLC)is a commonly used polar coded modulation scheme,but challenging to implement in engineering due to its high complexity and long decoding delay for high-order *** address these limitations,a novel two-level serially concatenated MLC scheme,in which the bitlevels with similar reliability are bundled and transmitted together,is *** proposed scheme hierarchically protects the two bit-level sets:the bitlevel sets at the higher level are sufficiently reliable and do not require excessive resources for protection,whereas only the bit-level sets at the lower level are encoded by polar *** proposed scheme has the advantages of low power consumption,low delay and high ***,an optimized constellation signal labeling rule that can enhance the performance is ***,the superiority of the proposed scheme is validated through the theoretical analysis and simulation *** with the bit interleaving coding modulation(BICM)scheme,under 256-quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM),the proposed scheme attains a performance gain of 1.0 dB while reducing the decoding complexity by 54.55%.

关键词： bit-interleaved coded modulation high-order modulation multilevel coding polar codes

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Error Analysis of Grouped multilevel Space-Time Trellis coding with the Combined Application of Massive MIMO and Cognitive Radio

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WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 2021年第2期117卷 461-482页

作者： Chopra, Shakti Raj Gupta, Akhil Lovely Profess Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Phagwara Punjab India

In today's scenario, demand for error-correcting codes with minimal error constraints for wireless communications. multilevel coding scheme with trellis codes as component codes provides flexible data transmission rates, coding gain, diversity gain with improved spectral efficiency and low decoding complexity. This paper investigates the potential improvements by using the multilevel coding scheme with massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output in Cognitive Radio Networks with trellis codes as component codes. This paper discussed space-time coding with beamforming and antenna grouping according to the channel state information. multilevel Space-time coding is based on multi-level Quadrature Amplitude Modulation signaling and beamforming to mitigate the effect of primary users for the enactment of secondary users in Cognitive Radio. The primary users provide channels dynamically to the secondary user for an unknown duration. Our transmission use Quadrature Amplitude Modulation based signals, with an adaptive grouping of antenna which weight according to the optimization, which inherently depends upon the resource allocation of the secondary user. The results show that the proposed coded system achieves Bit error rate/Symbol error rate/Frame error rate and Signal to noise ratio varies according to sources sensing time.

关键词： multilevel coding Additive White Gaussian Noise Convolutional codes Viterbi decoder Multipath fading Cognitive Radio GMLSTTC MLSTTC STTC

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A Novel Cooperative Diversity Technique Based on multilevel Pseudo Space-Time Trellis coding

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WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 2017年第4期92卷 1787-1800页

作者： Sharma, Sakshi Aneja Sharma, Sanjay Thapar Univ Dept Elect & Commun Engn Patiala Punjab India

Several multilevel space-time trellis coding (MLSTTC) techniques have been investigated in the past few years to attain the benefits of spectral efficiency, coding gain and diversity gain. However, these techniques require multiple transmit antennas for their operation and cannot be used for mobile nodes with size, cost or hardware constraint. This study proposes a cooperative transmission technique for single-antenna mobile nodes using novel multilevel pseudo space-time trellis coding (MLPSTTC). Each mobile node behave as a cooperating node and decodes the information transmitted by other mobile nodes to the common destination node. The self-information of a cooperating node and decoded information of other nodes is further encoded using multilevel coding scheme with pseudo space-time trellis codes as component codes. The resultant MLPSTTC symbols generated at each cooperating node are transmitted to the common destination node through independent fading channels. Thus, the destination node receives multiple copies of information of each mobile node. The received coded signal at the destination node is passed through a multistage Viterbi decoder to detect the information of each mobile node. The performance of proposed cooperative multilevel pseudo space-time trellis coding technique is superior to most of the existing MLSTTC techniques.

关键词： multilevel coding Space-time trellis code Cooperative diversity Rayleigh fading channel

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Hierarchical coding based on multilevel bit-interleaved channels

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2001年第1期E84B卷 1-9页

作者： Isaka, M Imai, H Univ Tokyo Inst Ind Sci Tokyo 1068558 Japan

Channel coding for bandwidth limited channels based on multilevel hit-interleaved channels is discussed in this paper. This coding and decoding structure has the advantage of simplified design, and naturally incorporates flexible and powerful design of unequal error protection (UEP) capabilities, especially ol cr time-varying channels to be often found in mobile radio communications. multilevel coded modulation with multistage decoding, and bit-interleaved coded modulation are special cases of the proposed general framework. Simulation results verify the usefulness of the system considered.

关键词： multilevel coding bit-interleaving unequal error protection multistage decoding

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EXIT chart-aided adaptive coding for multilevel BICM with turbo equalization in frequency-selective MIMO channels

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2007年第6期56卷 3757-3769页

作者： Ibi, Shinsuke Matsumoto, Tad Thomai, Reiner Sampei, Seiichi Morinaga, Norihiko Osaka Univ Grad Sch Engn Suita Osaka 5650871 Japan Univ Oulu Ctr Wireless Commun FIN-90570 Oulu Finland Japan Adv Inst Sci & Technol Ishikari Hokkaido 9231292 Japan Ilmenau Univ Technol Elect Measurement Res Lab D-98684 Ilmenau Germany Hiroshima Int Univ Dept Informat Technol Hiroshima 7370112 Japan

This paper proposes an adaptive coding (AC) scheme for multilevel bit-interleaved coded modulation (ML-BICM) with minimum mean-square error (MMSE) turbo equalization in frequency-selective multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channels.. The aim of this paper is to minimize the information rate loss due to the mismatch between channel realization and channel coding. With the aid of the knowledge about extrinsic information transfer characteristics at the receiver, code parameters such as code rates and/or generator polynomials are adaptively selected independently for each ML-BICM layer. Model-based simulation results show that an achievable average throughput can be significantly improved with the proposed AC technique over automatic repeat request with fixed coding rate. Furthermore, the advantageous points of the proposed scheme are verified through field-measurement-data-based simulations.

关键词： adaptive coding (AC) bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) measurement-data-based simulation multilevel coding multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) turbo equalization

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SECRET KEY GENERATION OVER WIRELESS CHANNELS USING SHORT BLOCKLENGTH multilevel SOURCE POLAR coding

SECRET KEY GENERATION OVER WIRELESS CHANNELS USING SHORT BLO...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Hentila, Henri Shkel, Yanina Y. Koivunen, Visa Aalto Univ Dept Signal Proc & Acoust Espoo Finland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Sch Comp & Commun Sci Lausanne Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781728176055

This paper investigates the problem of secret key generation from correlated Gaussian random variables in the short block-length regime. Inspired by the state-of-the-art performance provided by polar codes in the short blocklength regime for channel coding, we propose an explicit protocol based on polar codes for generating the secret keys. This protocol differs from previously proposed key generation protocols based on polar coding in two main ways: (i) we consider a Gaussian source for the key generation;(ii) we focus on the short block-length regime. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol performs well even for very short blocklengths, especially if one can relax the BER requirements for the generated keys. They also demonstrate that the polar code based protocol outperforms a similar one using LDPC codes in place of polar codes, and that this advantage grows the shorter the blocklength becomes.

关键词： secret key generation Gaussian source model short blocklength polar coding multilevel coding

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A Novel Criterion for Optimum multilevelcoding Systems in Mobile Fading Channels

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中国电子杂志（英文版） 2001年第1期10卷 69-73页

作者： YUAN Dongfeng WANG Chengxiang YAO Qi CAO Zhigang Department of Electronic Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

A novel criterion that is 'capac-ity rule' and 'mapping rule' for the design of op-timum MLC scheme over mobile fading channels *** to this theory,the performanceof multilevel coding with multistage decoding schemes(MLC/MSD) in mobile fading channels is investi-gated,in which BCH codes are chosen as componentcodes,and three mapping strategies with 8ASK mod-ulation are *** results indicate that whencode rates of component codes in MLC scheme are de-signed based on 'capacity rule',the performance ofthe system with block partitioning (BP) is optimumfor Rayleigh fading channels,while the performance ofthe system with Ungerboeck partioning (UP) is bestfor AWGN channels.

关键词： multilevel coding Rayleigh fadingchannel Capacity rule Set partitioning Criterion.

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