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Massive parallelization of multilevel fast multipole algorithm for 3-D electromagnetic scattering problems on SW26010 many-core cluster

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JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2024年第7期80卷 8702-8718页

作者： Liu, Xin-Duo He, Wei-Jia Yang, Ming-Lin Sheng, Xin-Qing Beijing Inst Technol Ctr Electromagnet Simulat Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

This paper presents a massively parallel approach of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (PMLFMA) on homegrown many-core SW26010 cluster of China, noted as (SW-PMLFMA), for 3-D electromagnetic scattering problems. In this approach, the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) octree is first partitioned among management processing elements (MPEs) of SW26010 processors following the ternary partitioning scheme using the message passing interface (MPI). Then, the computationally intensive parts of the PMLFMA on each MPI process, matrix filling, aggregation and disaggregation are accelerated by using all the 64 computing processing elements (CPEs) in the same core group of the MPE via the Athread parallel programming model. Different parallelization strategies are designed for many-core accelerators to ensure a high computational throughput. In coincidence with the special characteristic of local Lagrange interpolation, the compressed sparse row (CSR) and the compressed sparse column (CSC) sparse matrix storage format is used for storing interpolation and anterpolation matrices, respectively, together with a specially designed cache mechanism of hybrid dynamic and static buffers using the scratchpad memory (SPM) to improve data access efficiency. Numerical results are included to demonstrate the efficiency and versatility of the proposed method. The proposed parallel scheme is shown to have excellent speedup.

关键词： multilevel fast multipole algorithm Distributed memory parallelization Many-core acceleration Electromagnetic scattering SW26010 processor

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Efficient parallelization of multilevel fast multipole algorithm for electromagnetic simulation on many-core SW26010 processor

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JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2021年第2期77卷 1502-1516页

作者： He, Wei-Jia Yang, Ming-Lin Wang, Wu Sheng, Xin-Qing Beijing Inst Technol Ctr Electromagnet Simulat Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Comp Network Informat Ctr Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

A many-core parallel approach of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) based on the Athread parallel programming model is presented on the homegrown many-core SW26010 CPU of China. In the proposed many-core implementation of MLFMA, the data access efficiency is improved by using data structures based on the structure of array. The adaptive workload distribution strategies are adopted on different MLFMA tree levels to ensure full utilization of computing capability and the scratchpad memory. A double buffering scheme is specially designed to make communication overlapped computation. The resulting Athread-based many-core implementation of the MLFMA is capable of solving real-life problems with over one million unknowns with a remarkable speedup. The capability and efficiency of the proposed method are analyzed through the examples of computing scattering by spheres and a practical aerocraft. Numerical results show that with the proposed parallel scheme, the total speedup ratios from 6.4 to 8.0 can be achieved, compared with the CPU master core.

关键词： multilevel fast multipole algorithm Many-core parallelization 3D scattering Surface integral equations Sw26010 processor

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Efficient strategy for parallelisation of multilevel fast multipole algorithm using CUDA

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IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION 2019年第10期13卷 1554-1563页

作者： Garcia, Eliseo Delgado, Carlos Lozano, Lorena Catedra, Felipe Univ Alcala Automat Dept Alcala De Henares Spain Univ Alcala Comp Sci Dept Alcala De Henares Spain

The multilevel fast multipole algorithm is a popular technique that enables the efficient solution of the method of moments (MoM) matrix equations. In this work, the authors address the adaptation of this method to the compute unified device architecture (CUDA), a relatively new computing infrastructure provided by NVIDIA, and the authors take into account some of the limitations that appear when the geometry under analysis becomes too large to fit into the memory of graphics processing units.

关键词： method of moments computational electromagnetics parallel architectures computer graphic equipment coprocessors electromagnetic wave scattering graphics processing units efficient strategy multilevel fast multipole algorithm CUDA popular technique efficient solution moments matrix equations compute unified device architecture relatively new computing infrastructure

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multilevel fast multipole algorithm Enhanced Characteristic Mode Solver for Large-Scale Objects

Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm Enhanced Characteristic ...

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IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation / USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting

作者： Cheng, Guang Shang Wang, Chao-Fu Natl Univ Singapore Temasek Labs Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781538671023

Typically, the characteristic mode (CM) analysis is based on the electric field integral equation (EFIE) and the characteristic modes are calculated numerically using the method of moments (MoM). The high computational complexity of conventional MoM approach hinders large-scale CM analysis in the practical engineering application. In this paper, the conventional multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is embedded into the implicitly restarted Arnoldi method (IRAM), an iterative eigenvalue solver to solve standard complex eigenvalue problem, which provides an appealing possibility for the CM analysis of electrically large complex objects.

关键词： characteristic mode analysis electric field integral equation multilevel fast multipole algorithm implicitly restarted Arnoldi method

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SOLUTIONS OF NOVEL POTENTIAL-BASED FORMULATIONS USING THE multilevel fast multipole algorithm

SOLUTIONS OF NOVEL POTENTIAL-BASED FORMULATIONS USING THE MU...

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作者： UGUR MERIC GUR MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

学位级别：硕士

In this thesis, recently introduced potential-based formulations that are based on di- rect usage of magnetic vector and electric scalar potentials, instead of the equivalent field-based formulations, are investigated. These new potential-based formulations can alleviate the well-known low-frequency breakdowns. Therefore, these formula- tions can be useful in providing the solution of a plethora of problems in future and emerging technologies that are difficult to analyze via standard solvers. The aim of this thesis is to combine potential formulations with special low-frequency imple- mentations of the multilevel fast multiple algorithm (MLFMA) to tackle with finely discretized problems. Thesis also includes the explanation of low-frequency breakdown mechanisms. In ad- dition to the known breakdown of the electric-field integral equation, a hidden break- down of the potential integral equations (PIEs) is shown. A remedy with the cost of an additional integral equation is proposed. All explanations for the low-frequency breakdown are supported with numerical results. Among low-frequency stable implementations of MLFMA, two methods are imple- mented for PIEs. One of them is MLFMA based on multipoles without diagonaliza- tion. In this method, classical aggregation, translation, and disaggregation procedures in MLFMA are realized without plane-wave expansion. The other one is recently pro- posed MLFMA implementation with approximate diagonalization. In this method, diagonalization is realized approximately with scaled spherical and plane waves. Ac- curacy and efficiency of the implementations are shown with numerical results.

关键词： Surface Integral Equations Potential Formulations Low-frequency Break-down multilevel fast multipole algorithm

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Nested Iterative Solutions of Electromagnetic Problems Using Approximate Forms of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm 11

Nested Iterative Solutions of Electromagnetic Problems Using...

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11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP)

作者： Onol, Can Ucuncu, Arif Karaosmanoglu, Bariscan Ergul, Ozgur Middle East Tech Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9788890701870

Nested iterative solutions using full and approximate forms of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) are presented for efficient analysis of electromagnetic problems. The developed mechanism is based on preconditioning an iterative solution via another iterative solution, and this way, nesting multiple solutions as layers. The accuracy is systematically reduced from top to bottom by using the on-the-fly characteristics of MLFMA, as well as the iterative residual errors. As a demonstration, a three-layer strategy is presented, considering its parametrization for accelerating iterative solutions of perfectly conducting objects. We show that the strategy significantly reduces the solution time, especially for ill-conditioned matrix equations that are derived from the electric-field integral equation.

关键词： Iterative solutions multilevel fast multipole algorithm preconditioning nested solvers

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Computational study of scattering of a zero-order Bessel beam by large nonspherical homogeneous particles with the multilevel fast multipole algorithm

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JOURNAL OF OPTICS 2017年第12期19卷 125606-125606页

作者： Yang, Minglin Wu, Yueqian Sheng, Xinqing Ren, Kuan Fang Beijing Inst Technol Sch Informat & Elect Ctr Electromagnet Simulat Beijing 100081 Peoples R China CAEP Software Ctr High Performance Numer Simulat Beijing 100088 Peoples R China Inst Appl Phys & Computat Math Beijing 100094 Peoples R China Univ & INSA Rouen CNRS Normandie Univ CORIAUMR 6614 Ave UnivBP 12 F-76801 St Etienne Du Rouvray France

Computation of scattering of shaped beams by large nonspherical particles is a challenge in both optics and electromagnetics domains since it concerns many research fields. In this paper, we report our new progress in the numerical computation of the scattering diagrams. Our algorithm permits to calculate the scattering of a particle of size as large as 110 wavelengths or 700 in size parameter. The particle can be transparent or absorbing of arbitrary shape, smooth or with a sharp surface, such as the Chebyshev particles or ice crystals. To illustrate the capacity of the algorithm, a zero order Bessel beam is taken as the incident beam, and the scattering of ellipsoidal particles and Chebyshev particles are taken as examples. Some special phenomena have been revealed and examined. The scattering problem is formulated with the combined tangential formulation and solved iteratively with the aid of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm, which is well parallelized with the message passing interface on the distributed memory computer platform using the hybrid partitioning strategy. The numerical predictions are compared with the results of the rigorous method for a spherical particle to validate the accuracy of the approach. The scattering diagrams of large ellipsoidal particles with various parameters are examined. The effect of aspect ratios, as well as half-cone angle of the incident zero-order Bessel beam and the off-axis distance on scattered intensity, is studied. Scattering by asymmetry Chebyshev particle with size parameter larger than 700 is also given to show the capability of the method for computing scattering by arbitrary shaped particles.

关键词： scattering large non spherical particle Bessel beam multilevel fast multipole algorithm

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Multifrequency and multidirection optimizations of antenna arrays using heuristic algorithms and the multilevel fast multipole algorithm

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RADIO SCIENCE 2016年第7期51卷 1094-1108页

作者： Onol, Can Alkis, Sena Gokce, Ozer Ergul, Ozguer Middle East Tech Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Ankara Turkey

We consider fast and efficient optimizations of arrays involving three-dimensional antennas with arbitrary shapes and geometries. Heuristic algorithms, particularly genetic algorithms, are used for optimizations, while the required solutions are carried out accurately and efficiently via the multilevel fast multipole algorithm(MLFMA). The superposition principle is employed to reduce the number of MLFMA solutions to the number of array elements per frequency. The developed mechanism is used to optimize arrays for multifrequency and/or multidirection operations, i.e., to find the most suitable set of antenna excitations for desired radiation characteristics simultaneously at different frequencies and/or directions. The capabilities of the optimization environment are demonstrated on arrays of bowtie and Vivaldi antennas.

关键词： Antennas arrays Electromagnetic optimizations fast solvers multilevel fast multipole algorithm

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Solutions of plasmonic structures using the multilevel fast multipole algorithm

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RF AND MICROWAVE COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING 2016年第4期26卷 335-341页

作者： Karaosmanoglu, Bariscan Yilmaz, Akif Gur, Ugur Meric Ergul, Ozgur Middle E Tech Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Ankara Turkey

We consider accurate full-wave solutions of plasmonic problems using the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA). Metallic structures at optical frequencies are modeled by using the Lorentz-Drude model, formulated with surface integral equations, and analyzed iteratively via MLFMA. Among alternative choices, the electric and magnetic current combined-field integral equation (JMCFIE) and the combined tangential formulation (CTF), which are popular integral-equation formulations for penetrable objects, are discretized with the conventional Rao-Wilton-Glisson functions and used to model plasmonic structures. We discuss electromagnetic interactions in plasmonic media and show how far-field interactions may be omitted for improving the efficiency without sacrificing the accuracy of results. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 26:335-341, 2016.

关键词： plasmonics metamaterials nanostructures surface formulations multilevel fast multipole algorithm

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Efficient and Accurate Electromagnetic Optimizations Based on Approximate Forms of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm

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IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS 2016年 15卷 1113-1115页

作者： Onol, Can Karaosmanoglu, Bariscan Ergul, Ozgur Middle E Tech Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn TR-06800 Ankara Turkey

We present electromagnetic optimizations by heuristic algorithms supported by approximate forms of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA). Optimizations of complex structures, such as antennas, are performed by considering each trial as an electromagnetic problem that can be analyzed via MLFMA and its approximate forms. A dynamic accuracy control is utilized in order to increase the efficiency of optimizations. Specifically, in the proposed scheme, the accuracy is used as a parameter of the optimization. We show that the developed mechanism with dynamic accuracy control provides faster optimizations without deteriorating the quality of the final results in comparison to optimizations with full MLFMA.

关键词： Antennas electromagnetic optimizations genetic algorithms multilevel fast multipole algorithm

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