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multilingual code refactoring detection based on deep learning

EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS 2024年 258卷

作者： Li, Tao Zhang, Yang Hebei Univ Sci & Technol Sch Informat Sci & Engn Shijiazhuang 050018 Peoples R China

Refactoring is a critical process of improving the internal structure of the source code without altering its external behavior. Existing deep learning-based refactoring detection relies on commit messages to extract features. However, these commit messages are not trustful enough since some developers do not consistently record refactoring activities. Furthermore, current approaches are designed for a single programming language and lack multilingual refactoring support. To this end, this paper proposes RefT5, , a multilingual code refactoring detection approach based on deep learning. Firstly, we select 110 real-world projects with Java and Python programming languages as a corpus to construct the dataset. Secondly, we extract features including commit messages, code changes, and refactoring types from these projects. RefT5 generates edit sequences from code changes and takes refactoring types as labels. Thirdly, we employ codeT5 and BiLSTM-attention to extract semantic and structural features and generate feature vectors. Finally, the feature vectors are input into a classification layer to detect the refactoring type. The experimental results show that RefT5 obtains 98.05% precision and 97.77% recall. Furthermore, compared with existing approaches, it improves precision by 51.61% and recall by 52.9% on average, demonstrating its effectiveness.

关键词： Refactoring detection Deep learning code change multilingual code Edit sequence

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On the Vulnerability Proneness of multilingual code 2022

On the Vulnerability Proneness of Multilingual Code

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30th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference / Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE)

作者： Li, Wen Li, Li Cai, Haipeng Washington State Univ Pullman WA 99164 USA Monash Univ Melbourne Vic Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394130

Software construction using multiple languages has long been a norm, yet it is still unclear if multilingual code construction has significant security implications and real security consequences. This paper aims to address this question with a large-scale study of popular multi-language projects on GitHub and their evolution histories, enabled by our novel techniques for multilingual code characterization. We found statistically significant associations between the proneness of multilingual code to vulnerabilities (in general and of specific categories) and its language selection. We also found this association is correlated with that of the language interfacing mechanism, not that of individual languages. We validated our statistical findings with in-depth case studies on actual vulnerabilities, explained via the mechanism and language selection. Our results call for immediate actions to assess and defend against multilingual vulnerabilities, for which we provide practical recommendations.

关键词： multi-language software multilingual code software security cross-language vulnerability language interfacing regression analysis

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Language-Agnostic Dynamic Analysis of multilingual code: Promises, Pitfalls, and Prospects 2022

Language-Agnostic Dynamic Analysis of Multilingual Code: Pro...

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30th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference / Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE)

作者： Yang, Haoran Li, Wen Cai, Haipeng Washington State Univ Pullman DC 99163 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394130

Analyzing multilingual code holistically is key to systematic quality assurance of real-world software which is mostly developed in multiple computer languages. Toward such analyses, state-of-the-art approaches propose an almost-fully language-agnostic methodology and apply it to dynamic dependence analysis/slicing of multilingual code, showing great promises. We investigated this methodology through a technical analysis followed by a replication study applying it to 10 real-world multilingual projects of diverse language combinations. Our results revealed critical practicality (i.e., having the levels of efficiency/scalability, precision, and extensibility to various language combinations for practical use) challenges to the methodology. Based on the results, we reflect on the underlying pitfalls of the language-agnostic design that leads to such challenges. Finally, looking forward to the prospects of dynamic analysis for multilingual code, we identify a new research direction towards better practicality and precision while not sacrificing extensibility much, as supported by preliminary results. The key takeaway is that pursuing fully language-agnostic analysis may be both impractical and unnecessary, and striving for a better balance between language independence and practicality may be more fruitful.

关键词： multi-language software multilingual code dynamic analysis

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Yellow Angus as Genesis (A Conceptual System of Alexander Chantsev's Prose)

NOVOE LITERATURNOE OBOZRENIE

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NOVOE LITERATURNOE OBOZRENIE 2020年第162期 319-334页

作者： Dmitrovskaya, Maria Immanuel Kant Baltic Fed Univ Inst Humanities Kaliningrad Russia

This article reconstructs the conceptual system of Yellow Angus, a collection of short stories by Alexander Chantsev. Using the reception of Mircea Eliade's views on eternal return, the general characteristics of the system are described. In Chantsev's cosmogony, Judeo-Christian beliefs are intertwined with Buddhism, Shintoism and Taoism. The biblical basis of the development of the main framework of the plot and the means of its deployment in the texts are highlighted. The concept of eternal return facilitates ideas concerning the isomorphism of cyclical time and movement in space, as well as the combination of opposing values of the beginning and end of the world and human life. The significance of dynamic componenet of the concept of love them allows for the meaning of the title "Yellow Angus" to be revealed.

关键词： Alexander Chantsev Yellow Angus conceptual system chronotope myth of eternal return creation myths eschatology multilingual code anagram

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Maria Dmitrovskaya Fa(u)sti: The Conceptual Structure of Ivan Bunin's Works

NOVOE LITERATURNOE OBOZRENIE

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NOVOE LITERATURNOE OBOZRENIE 2022年第175期 276-294页

作者： Dmitrovskaya, Maria Immanuel Kant Baltic Fed Univ Inst Humanities Kaliningrad Russia

The article features a reconstruction of a number of key elements of the conceptual system that lay at the heart of Bunin's works written from 1889 on. Bunin's system combines cosmogony and eschatology in general and in a specific dimension: all living beings are subjected to death and to subsequent rebirth. The basic means of deploying the system include dual concepts of fasti and Faust. The principle of mirror reflection is aimed at the creation of parts identical to each other and to the Whole. The principle of metamorphosis, which is key in the Bunin's system, is also directed towards the achievement of this same effect. The significance of the threshold temporal passage in Bunin is considered. The central place of the writer himself in the system he created is shown.

关键词： Ivan Bunin conceptual structure fasti Faust cosmogony eschatology metamorphosis calendar code church calendar multilingual code

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