In this paper, we propose a hybrid time-frequency domain sign-sign joint decision multimodulus algorithm (Hybrid-SJDMMA) for mode-demultiplexing in a 6 x 6 mode division multiplexing (MDM) system with highorder QAM mo...
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In this paper, we propose a hybrid time-frequency domain sign-sign joint decision multimodulus algorithm (Hybrid-SJDMMA) for mode-demultiplexing in a 6 x 6 mode division multiplexing (MDM) system with highorder QAM modulation. The equalization performance of Hybrid-SJDMMA was evaluated and compared with the frequency domain multimodulus algorithm (FD-MMA) and the hybrid time-frequency domain signsign multimodulus algorithm (Hybrid-SMMA). Simulation results revealed that Hybrid-SJDMMA exhibits a significantly lower computational complexity than FD-MMA, and its convergence speed is similar to that of FD-MMA. Additionally, the bit-error-rate performance of Hybrid-SJDMMA was obviously better than FD-MMA and Hybrid-SMMA for 16 QAM and 64 QAM. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
This paper investigates a signal detection method with a RAKE combiner for the case wherein the receiving signals use the same spreading code. In the case where multiple user interference with the same spreading code ...
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This paper investigates a signal detection method with a RAKE combiner for the case wherein the receiving signals use the same spreading code. In the case where multiple user interference with the same spreading code (MUI-SC) occurs, blind channel estimation is difficult and as far as we know has not been investigated. To tackle the issue of MUI-SC, we propose two blind channel estimation methods based on the multi-modulus algorithm (MMA), i.e., MMA-IQ and MMA-I methods. When a one dimensional modulation scheme, such as differential binary phase-shift keying (DBPSK), is used, the output of the MMA-IQ channel estimation method can, under MUI-SC, have two states. The first state is that the channel estimate corresponds to a channel response for one of the received signals, and the second state is that the channel estimate corresponds to combined channel responses for two of the received signals. This is because the MMA-IQ uses two degrees of freedom (both axes in the IQ-plane), however one DBPSK signal uses only one degree of freedom. In the case of the second state, it is possible to detect two signals/packets at once. However, in the MMA-IQ, the receiver has to recognize the state of the channel estimate before the signal detection, thus we also propose a state recognition method. In the MMA-I channel estimation method, only the I-axis is used thus the channel estimate always corresponds the case with one signal. Numerical results show that the average number of detected packets of the MMA-IQ is more than that of the MMA-I in high signal-to-noise power ratio case. In addition, several aspects of the MMA-1 and MMA-IQ based RAKE signal detection methods are shown.
The multimodulus algorithm (MMA) is widely used to suppress inter-symbols interference (ISI) in communication systems because of its advantages that it can complete blind equalization and carrier phase recovery simult...
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The multimodulus algorithm (MMA) is widely used to suppress inter-symbols interference (ISI) in communication systems because of its advantages that it can complete blind equalization and carrier phase recovery simultaneously. However, the slow convergence speed of MMA causes the equalizer to be unable to eliminate ISI effectively, which deteriorate the communication quality of the system. For that, we first present a momentum fractional order MMA (MFOMMA) to improve the performance of MMA for blind equalization in this paper. By optimizing MMA with the momentum term and the fractional order gradient information of the cost function, the proposed algorithm can get better ISI suppression performance. Then, the convergence performance of MFOMMA is analyzed to reveal the relationship between algorithm parameters and equalization ability. Moreover, in order to further enhance the ISI elimination capability of MFOMMA, we develop a variable fractional order scheme, which guarantee that the algorithm not only obtains a faster convergence speed but also a lower residual ISI. Finally, the effectiveness and superiorities of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated by some simulation experiments. (C) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
In this paper, the problem of blind equalization of high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals is tackled by using a batch equalizer based on support vector regression (SVR). A new set of error functions...
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In this paper, the problem of blind equalization of high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals is tackled by using a batch equalizer based on support vector regression (SVR). A new set of error functions weighted by neighborhood symbol decisions and augmented by generalized power factors p and q, are proposed to be used as the penalty terms in SVR, and the optimal values of p and q are determined. In addition, we propose a method to remove the high online computational complexity incurred by the inclusion of neighborhood terms in the new error function. Simulation results show that with about the same complexity, the optimized SVR-NA-SBD-(p,q) attain much lower residual inter-symbol-interference and higher probability of convergence than the best known SVR-MMA, and it needs only about 1400 symbols to achieve a BER of 10(-4) for 256QAM in a multipath channel. In contrast, the conventional SVR-MMA needs more than 4000 symbols to achieve such BER.
This article proposes an initial antenna selection for constant modulus-based blind interference suppression algorithms to stabilise their prominent interference suppression performance. Constant modulus algorithm (CM...
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This article proposes an initial antenna selection for constant modulus-based blind interference suppression algorithms to stabilise their prominent interference suppression performance. Constant modulus algorithm (CMA) is a well-known blind adaptive array scheme, but it cannot suppress the interference when signal-to-interference power ratio (SIR) is <0 dB. It faces strong limits on their applicable region over Rayleigh fading channels where instantaneous channel gain fluctuates over 10 dB range. Even if the expected desired signal strength is larger than interference, CMA may still miscapture the interference and incorrectly suppress the desired signal. The authors' proposal is simplified approach to select the antenna element whose reception power is maximal. Certain antenna element can be expected to capture the desired signal precisely under the condition where SIR is statistically positive, so that the CMA processor can utilise it as an initial input. This condition will be ensured by increasing antenna element number, supported by the trends that base station antenna elements are going massive. Computer simulations verifies improved interference suppression performance provided by the proposed scheme. This article also verified applicability for multi-modulus algorithm to accommodate M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) use.
This paper addresses the blind signal recovery for convolutive multiple-input multiple-output systems with high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals. First, a family of batch blind recovery algorithms i...
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This paper addresses the blind signal recovery for convolutive multiple-input multiple-output systems with high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals. First, a family of batch blind recovery algorithms is proposed. Concretely, they introduce the error function of multimodulus algorithm and the cross-correlation among different equalizer output vectors into the penalty term of the support vector regression (SVR) framework to recover all sources simultaneously. Then, the corresponding dual-mode blind recovery schemes are constructed to further decrease the interference. The new blind formulation through iterative re-weighted least square achieves low complexity optimization. The SVR framework, in essence, determines that the proposals perform better than the conventional methods in terms of data block size, total interference, and symbol error rate. Moreover, the excellent initialization provided by the first mode and the accurate error expression in the second mode ensure that the SVR-based dual-mode schemes work well with the high-order QAM signals. Finally, the efficiency of the proposals over the classical approaches is evaluated by simulations.
This paper addresses the problem of blind demixing of instantaneous mixtures in a multiple-input multiple-output communication system. The main objective is to present efficient blind source separation (BSS) algorithm...
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This paper addresses the problem of blind demixing of instantaneous mixtures in a multiple-input multiple-output communication system. The main objective is to present efficient blind source separation (BSS) algorithms dedicated to moderate or high-order quadratic-amplitude modulation (QAM) constellations. Four new iterative batch, BSS algorithms are presented dealing with the multimodulus (MM) and alphabet matched (AM) criteria. For the optimization of these cost functions, iterative methods of Givens and hyperbolic rotations are used. A prewhitening operation is also utilized to reduce the complexity of design problem. It is noticed that the designed algorithms using Givens rotations give satisfactory performance only for a large number of samples. However, for a small number of samples, the algorithms designed by combining both Givens and hyperbolic rotations compensate for the ill-whitening that occurs in this case and thus improves the performance. Two algorithms dealing with the MM criterion are presented for moderate-order QAM signals such as 16-QAM. The other two dealing with the AM criterion are presented for high-order QAM signals. These methods are finally compared with the state-of-the-art batch BSS algorithms in terms of signal-to-interference and noise ratio, symbol error rate, and convergence rate. Simulation results show that the proposed methods outperform the contemporary batch BSS algorithms.
This paper investigates space-time blind equalization (BE) of dispersive multiple-input multiple-output communication systems driven by high throughput quadrature amplitude modulation signals. Multistage processing is...
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This paper investigates space-time blind equalization (BE) of dispersive multiple-input multiple-output communication systems driven by high throughput quadrature amplitude modulation signals. Multistage processing is adopted to overcome the severe local convergence problem in BE. First, a good initial value for the equalizer is obtained by forcing one of the system inputs with desired delay to be recovered. Then, the fast multimodulus algorithm (MMA) is used to roughly equalize the communication system. After that, an improved MMA (IMMA) is developed to effectively search for a fine equalizer for the system. Moreover, the novel modified Newton method (MNM) proposed in our previous work is employed to fast optimize the MMA and IMMA cost functions, which significantly reduces the computational load. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm has an additional benefit that once a signal is recovered, its corresponding single-input multiple-output channel impulse response is estimated by the classical least squares methods. Then, the influence of the recovered signal to the original received signals is removed to avoid extracting this recovered signal repeatedly. The quadratic rate of convergence of the MNM is theoretically analyzed, and the good equalization performance of the IMMA is explained. Finally, simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
In this paper, two families of batch algorithms are constructed in the support vector regression (SVR) framework for blind equalization of multilevel signals. Specifically, the error functions of constant modulus algo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538643624
In this paper, two families of batch algorithms are constructed in the support vector regression (SVR) framework for blind equalization of multilevel signals. Specifically, the error functions of constant modulus algorithm CMA(p, 2) and multimodulus algorithm MMA(p,2) are contained in the penalty term of the SVR. Simulation results show that the proposed MMA(p,2)-based algorithms perform better than the CMA(p,2)based ones, which exhibit lower residual intersymbol interference (ISI) and higher probability of convergence. With respect to conventional dual-mode scheme, the MMA(p,2)-based algorithms show better performance in the case of higher noise or smaller data block, therefore they are robust and more suitable for multilevel signals. In addition, they avoid tedious switching mechanism of dual-mode scheme and overcome phase rotation.
multimodulus algorithms (MMA) based adaptive blind equalizers mitigate inter-symbol interference and recover carrier-phase in communication systems by minimizing dispersion in the in-phase and quadrature components of...
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multimodulus algorithms (MMA) based adaptive blind equalizers mitigate inter-symbol interference and recover carrier-phase in communication systems by minimizing dispersion in the in-phase and quadrature components of the received signal using the respective components of the equalized sequence in a decoupled manner. These equalizers are mostly incorporated in bandwidth-efficient digital receivers which rely on quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signaling. The nonlinearities in the update equations of these equalizers tend to lead to difficulties in the study of their steady-state performance. This paper presents originally the steady-state excess mean-square-error (EMSE) analysis of different members of multimodulus equalizers MMAp-q in a non-stationary environment using energy conservation arguments, and thus bypassing the need for working directly with the weight error covariance matrix. In doing so, the exact and approximate expressions for the steady-state mean-square-error of several MMA based blind equalization algorithms are derived, including MMA2-2, MMA2-1, MMA1-2, and MMA1-1. The accuracy of the derived analytical results is validated using Monte-Carlo experiments and found to be in close agreement. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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