We propose an algorithm that improves the performance of rate-distortion-based multiple description coding (RD-MDC). The gain is particularly significant in the high redundancy region, where RD-MDC suffers a major per...
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We propose an algorithm that improves the performance of rate-distortion-based multiple description coding (RD-MDC). The gain is particularly significant in the high redundancy region, where RD-MDC suffers a major performance penalty with respect to MDC bounds. The improvement is obtained with negligible additional computational cost, by exploiting the coarse information also at the central decoder. The proposed method can be generalized to all MDC schemes that use scalar quantization, without modifying the quantizer structure. This feature guarantees the generation of descriptions that can be decoded without any modification of the decoder.
This paper examines the effectiveness of combining multiple description coding (MDC) and multiple path transport (MPT) for video and image transmission in a multihop mobile radio network. The video and image informati...
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This paper examines the effectiveness of combining multiple description coding (MDC) and multiple path transport (MPT) for video and image transmission in a multihop mobile radio network. The video and image information is encoded nonhierarchically into multipledescriptions with the following objectives. The received picture quality should be acceptable, even if only one description is received and every additional received description contributes to enhanced picture quality. Typical applications will need a higher bandwidth/higher reliability connection than that provided by a single link in current mobile networks. For supporting these, applications, a mobile node may need to set up and use multiple paths to the desired destination, either simply because of the lack of raw bandwidth on a single channel or because of its poor error characteristics, which reduce its effective throughput. In the context of this work, the principal reasons for considering such an architecture are providing high bandwidth and more robust end-to-end connections. We describe a protocol architecture that addresses this need and, with the help of simulations, we demonstrate the feasibility of this system and compare the performance of the MDC-MPT scheme to a system using layered coding and asymmetrical paths for the base and enhancement layers.
In this paper, a prediction-compensated multipledescription (MD) coding framework for two-band filter banks is proposed, in which the coefficients in each subband are split into two descriptions. Each description als...
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In this paper, a prediction-compensated multipledescription (MD) coding framework for two-band filter banks is proposed, in which the coefficients in each subband are split into two descriptions. Each description also includes the prediction residuals of the data in the other description. The designs of the optimal orthogonal and biorthogonal filter banks are formulated in a unified framework, and both one-level and multiple-level decompositions are analyzed. Contrary to the existing MD filter banks in the literature, the optimal filter banks in the proposed scheme are quite similar to those in single descriptioncoding. Therefore, the method can be applied to systems with single-description-optimized filter banks and still attain near-optimal performance. Image coding results show that this method achieves better performance and lower complexity than the latest JPEG 2000 based MDC.
In the past few years, video streaming has been one of the most prominent applications in the Internet. There are basically two types of approaches to deliver on-demand video streams: infrastructure-based and infrastr...
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In the past few years, video streaming has been one of the most prominent applications in the Internet. There are basically two types of approaches to deliver on-demand video streams: infrastructure-based and infrastructure-less. The infrastructure-based approach, also known as the content delivery network (CDN) approach. employs numerous replicate servers and proxies to assist video streaming. The main drawback of this approach is that it is costly to deploy numerous servers and proxies. The infrastructure-less approach, also known as the peer-to-peer (P2P) approach, employs numerous peers to relay video streams. The main drawback of the P2P approach is its instability due to frequent joining/leaving of peers. The state-of-the-art development is to combine the two types of approaches. In this paper, we employ multiple description coding (MDC) to develop a novel P2P-assisted proxy caching scheme, called MP3, for on-demand video streaming. Our simulation results show that with the use of MDC, MP3 call effectively provide adaptive video quality for clients in a heterogeneous network environment.
The objective of multiple description coding (MDC) is to encode a source into multiple bitstreams supporting multiple quality levels of decoding. In this paper, we only consider the two-description case, where the req...
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The objective of multiple description coding (MDC) is to encode a source into multiple bitstreams supporting multiple quality levels of decoding. In this paper, we only consider the two-description case, where the requirement is that a high-quality reconstruction should be decodable from the two bitstreams together, while lower, but still acceptable, quality reconstructions should be decodable from either of the two individual bitstreams. This paper describes techniques for meeting MDC objectives in the framework of standard transform-based image coding through the design of pairwise correlating transforms. The correlation introduced by the transform helps to reduce the distortion when only a single description is received, but it also increases the bit rate beyond that prescribed by the rate-distortion function of the source. We analyze the relation between the redundancy (i.e., the extra bit rate) and the single description distortion using this transform-based framework. We also describe an image coder that incorporates the pairwise transform and show its redundancy-rate distortion performance for real images.
Compressed sensing (CS) is an emerging paradigm for acquisition of compressed representations of a sparse signal. Its low complexity is appealing for resource-constrained scenarios like sensor networks. However, such ...
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Compressed sensing (CS) is an emerging paradigm for acquisition of compressed representations of a sparse signal. Its low complexity is appealing for resource-constrained scenarios like sensor networks. However, such scenarios are often coupled with unreliable communication channels and providing robust transmission of the acquired data to a receiver is an issue. multiple description coding (MDC) effectively combats channel losses for systems without feedback, thus raising the interest in developing MDC methods explicitly designed for the CS framework, and exploiting its properties. We propose a method called Graded Quantization (CS-GQ) that leverages the democratic property of compressive measurements to effectively implement MDC, and we provide methods to optimize its performance. A novel decoding algorithm based on the alternating directions method of multipliers is derived to reconstruct signals from a limited number of received descriptions. Simulations are performed to assess the performance of CS-GQ against other methods in presence of packet losses. The proposed method is successful at providing robust coding of CS measurements and outperforms other schemes for the considered test metrics.
multiple description coding (MDC) with side information (SI) at the receiver is particularly relevant for robust transmission in sensor networks where correlated data is being transmitted to a common receiver, as well...
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multiple description coding (MDC) with side information (SI) at the receiver is particularly relevant for robust transmission in sensor networks where correlated data is being transmitted to a common receiver, as well as for robust video compression. The rate-distortion region for this problem has been established in (Vaishampayan 1993). Here, we focus on the design of a practical MDC scheme with SI at the receiver. It builds upon both MDC principles and Slepian-Wolf (SW) coding principles. The input source is first quantized with a multipledescription scalar quantizer (MDSQ) which introduces redundancy or correlation in the transmitted streams in order to take advantage of the path diversity. The resulting sequences of indexes are SW encoded, that is, separately encoded and jointly decoded. While the first step (MDSQ) plays the role of a channel code the second one (SW coding) plays the role of a source code, compressing the sequences of quantized indexes. In a second step, the cross-decoding of the two descriptions is proposed. This allows us to account for both the correlation with the SI as well as the correlation between the two descriptions. Copyright (C) 2009 Olivier Crave et al.
Ghost imaging (GI) reveals its exceptional superiority over conventional cameras in a range of challenging scenarios such as weak illumination or special waveband. For high-performance GI, it is vital to obtain a sequ...
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Ghost imaging (GI) reveals its exceptional superiority over conventional cameras in a range of challenging scenarios such as weak illumination or special waveband. For high-performance GI, it is vital to obtain a sequence of high-fidelity bucket signals. However, measurements may suffer from distortion or loss in harsh environments. Here we present multiple description coding ghost imaging, which rests on illumination consisting of different coding patterns to address this challenge. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is capable of producing satisfactory image even when the sequence of bucket signals is incomplete or highly distorted. This method provides an encouraging boost for GI in practical applications.
multiple description coding (MDC) is an error-resilient source coding scheme that creates multiple bitstreams of approximately equal importance. The reconstructed signal based on any single bitstream has an acceptable...
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multiple description coding (MDC) is an error-resilient source coding scheme that creates multiple bitstreams of approximately equal importance. The reconstructed signal based on any single bitstream has an acceptable quality. However, a higher quality reconstruction can be achieved with a larger number of bitstreams. We develop a multiple (2) description video coding scheme based on the three-loop structure originally proposed in [1]. We modify the discrete cosine transform structure to the matching pursuits framework and evaluate performance gain using maximum-likelihood (ML) enhancement when both descriptions are available. We find that ML enhancement works best for low motion sequences and results in gains of up to 1.3 dB in terms of average PSNR. Rate distortion performance is characterized. Performance comparison is made between our MDC scheme and single descriptioncoding (SDC) schemes over lossy channels, including two state Markov channels and Rayleigh fading channels. We find that MDC outperforms SDC in bursty slowly varying environments. In the case of Rayleigh fading channels, interleaving helps SDC close the gap and even outperform MDC depending on the amount of interleaving performed, at the expense of additional delay.
A two-channel MDC framework based on the Space-Frequency Quantization (SFQ) algorithm is proposed in this paper. Redundancy used in this frame is introduced by the overlap of the optimization sets. For each channel co...
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A two-channel MDC framework based on the Space-Frequency Quantization (SFQ) algorithm is proposed in this paper. Redundancy used in this frame is introduced by the overlap of the optimization sets. For each channel contains the information from all the three directions, the reconstruction of the one single channel can give a good estimation of the original information. Good experimental results show the efficiency of this new proposed method.
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