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Enhanced blood prothrombin time detection deploying flexible substrate UWB antenna from artifacts removed pure plasma through statistical multiple regression modelling

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COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 2025年 122卷

作者： Prasanna, R. Jenath, M. Vinoth, M. Ignatious, J. Joseph Maharajan, M. S. Priya, P. Banu SRM Inst Sci & Technol Dept Elect & Commun Engn Chennai Tamil Nadu India K Ramakrishnan Coll Engn Dept Elect & Commun Engn Tiruchirappalli 621112 Tamil Nadu India VRS College Engn & Technol Dept Elect & Commun Engn Villupuram Tamil Nadu India Panimalar Engn Coll Dept Artificial Intelligence & Data Sci Chennai Tamil Nadu India SRM Inst Sci & Technol Sch Comp Dept Networking & Commun Chennai Tamil Nadu India

The Antenna as a passive device finds its applications in the medical domain in various forms such as wearable devices, implant devices, and sensors for measurement and diagnosis. Most of the pathological instruments used in the medical labs and clinics are dominated by optical sensor devices which suffer from various advantages like time delay, interference, and dark current and offset voltage. The optical and mechanical coagulation analyzer used for prothrombin time (PT) measurement suffers from inaccuracy and excess time delay due to prolonged procedures. Vitamin K factor, turbidity of blood plasma, and sensitivity of the reagent are the crucial factors that leads to inaccuracy in PT measurement through a coagulation analyzer. In this paper, we present a novel method of measuring blood PT using an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) antenna sensor that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of a coagulation analyzer. The PT measurement in the proposed work is determined from the electromagnetic waves radiated by the flexible UWB antenna obtained from the blood plasma. The electromagnetic energy obtained is directly proportional to the plasma concentration and it varies for different blood samples. The acquired voltage is into frequency to facilitate PT measurement. The blood clotting frequency ranges from 1.8 GHz to 3.1 GHz whereas the voltage ranges from 0.65 mV to 0.85 mV. The blood PT is determined from the acquired voltage using machine learning techniques and validated with the standard lab readings.

关键词： Flexible antenna Clotting time Machine learning multiple regression modelling Laboratory Standards

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multiple Linear regression modelling of Pulp and Handsheet Properties Based on Fiber Morphology Measurements and Process Data

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BIORESOURCES 2020年第1期15卷 654-676页

作者： Ekbage, Daniel Nilsson, Lars Hakansson, Helena Lin, Ping-I Karlstad Univ Dept Engn & Chem Sci SE-65188 Karlstad Sweden Karlstad Univ Dept Hlth Sci SE-65188 Karlstad Sweden

A multiple regression model was evaluated to predict pulp and handsheet properties including z-directional tensile strength (z-strength) and Scott bond values. One hypothesis that was central for the model evaluation was that the crill content, as measured with ultraviolet and infrared lights, would improve the statistical models. A chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) mill designed with two parallel primary refining lines and a reject refiner was the basis for this study, and all process data and pulp samples were gathered from the specific process. Pulp was extracted from the process for an extended period from a position after the latency chest (primary refined pulp) and from the pulp-stream exiting the mill to the board machine (accept pulp). The crill content was positively correlated to the z-strength of the accept pulp, explaining 55% of the variance with a linear regression model with the drill content as the sole predictor. The estimation model of the z-strength of accept pulp was based on a combination of the crill content, freeness, fibril perimeter for longer fibers, and mean kink angle, and resulted in an R-2 of 0.79. When applying cross-validation to determine the predictive model performance, the highest R-2 obtained was 0.67. This latter model included the crill content, fibril perimeter, and mean kink angle as predictors.

关键词： CTMP Fiber morphology multiple regression modelling Handsheet Z-strength Scott bond Crill

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Stiffness modulus prediction against basic physical and mechanical characteristics of recycled base course with foamed bitumen and emulsified bitumen

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ARCHIVES OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 2023年第3期69卷 95-112页

作者： Mazurek, Grzegorz Buczynski, Przemyslaw Iwanski, Marek Kielce Univ Technol Aleja Tysiaclec Pafistwa Polskiego 7 PL-25314 Kielce Poland

The paper's objective was to present the results of predicting the stiffness modulus of a recy-cled mix containing a blended road binder with foamed bitumen and emulsified bitumen. The S-m (acc. to IT-CY) indirect tensile test was used at temperatures of -10 degrees C, +5 degrees C, +13 degrees C and +25 degrees C. Prediction of the stiffness modulus accounted for the effect of temperature, the type of road binders, the sampling location and the type of technology selected. All effects, except temperature, were included in the model by entangling their effects through recycled base course physical and mechanical characteristics, such as indirect tensile strength, compressive strength, creep rate, air void content and moisture resistance. As a result, it was possible to determine a regression model based on multiple regression with a coefficient of determination R-2 = 0.78. Temperature and compressive strength were found to have the strongest effect on the variability of stiffness modulus. However, indirect tensile strength also significantly af-fected the S-m characteristic. In addition, FB-RCM (foamed bitumen) recycled mixtures proved to be more favourable than EB-RCM (emulsified bitumen) mixtures as they exhibited a lower deformation rate while retaining limited stiffness.

关键词： deep recycling technology foamed bitumen multiple regression modelling stiffness modulus blended binder trial section

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Modeling the Undrained Shear Strength with Soil Index Properties for Niger Delta Soft Clays

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2023年第1期13卷 113-126页

作者： Chigozie Dimgba Ify L. Nwaogazie Akuro Big-Alabo Centre for Geotechnical and Coastal Engineering Research Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria

The aim of this study was to model the Undrained Shear Strength (USS) of soil found in the coastal region of the Niger Delta in Nigeria with some soil properties. The undrained shear strength (USS) is a key parameter needed for most geotechnical/structural designs. Accurate determination of the USS of soft clays can be challenging to obtain in the laboratory due to the difficulty in remoulding the clay to its in-situ conditions before testing and more accurate test such as Cone Penetration test (CPT) can be quite expensive. This study was carried out at Escravos site which is located in Delta state, Nigeria. Three Boreholes were drilled and soil samples were collected at 0.75 m intervals up to a depth of 45 m. Laboratory tests were used to obtain the moisture content, bulk unit weight, liquid and plastic limit, while CPT was used in obtaining the undrained shear strength. Classification of the soil samples was done by adopting the Unified Soil Classification System and various models relating the USS with the soil properties were developed. The result showed that most of the soils at Escravos site were predominately inorganic clay of high plasticity which are problematic due to the expansion and shrinking nature of this type of soil. The model developed showed that the soil properties that gave the best fit with the USS were the moisture content and effective stress of the soil. The coefficient of determination (R²) and the root mean square error (RMSE) obtained for this model were 0.805 and 6.37 KN/m², respectively.

关键词： Undrained Shear Strength Inorganic Clay Escravos multiple regression modelling

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Delineating Functional Urban Areas Using a Multi-Step Analysis of Artificial Light-at-Night Data

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REMOTE SENSING 2021年第18期13卷 3714-3714页

作者： Rybnikova, Nataliya Portnov, Boris A. Charney, Igal Rybnikov, Sviatoslav Univ Leicester Dept Math Leicester LE1 7RH Leics England Univ Haifa Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management IL-3498838 Haifa Israel Univ Haifa Dept Geog & Environm Studies IL-3498838 Haifa Israel Univ Haifa Inst Evolut IL-3498838 Haifa Israel Univ Haifa Dept Evolutionary & Environm Biol IL-3498838 Haifa Israel

A functional urban area (FUA) is a geographic entity that consists of a densely inhabited city and a less densely populated commuting zone, both highly integrated through labor markets. The delineation of FUAs is important for comparative urban studies and it is commonly performed using census data and data on commuting flows. However, at the national scale, censuses and commuting surveys are performed at low frequency, and, on the global scale, consistent and comparable data are difficult to obtain overall. In this paper, we suggest and test a novel approach based on artificial light at night (ALAN) satellite data to delineate FUAs. As ALAN is emitted by illumination of thoroughfare roads, frequented by commuters, and by buildings surrounding roads, ALAN data can be used, as we hypothesize, for the identification of FUAs. However, as individual FUAs differ by their ALAN emissions, different ALAN thresholds are needed to delineate different FUAs, even those in the same country. To determine such differential thresholds, we use a multi-step approach. First, we analyze the ALAN flux distribution and determine the most frequent ALAN value observed in each FUA. Next, we adjust this value for the FUA's compactness, and run regressions, in which the estimated ALAN threshold is the dependent variable. In these models, we use several readily available, or easy-to-calculate, characteristics of FUA cores, such as latitude, proximity to the nearest major city, population density, and population density gradient, as predictors. At the next step, we use the estimated models to define optimal ALAN thresholds for individual FUAs, and then compare the boundaries of FUAs, estimated by modelling, with commuting-based delineations. To measure the degree of correspondence between the commuting-based and model-predicted FUAs' boundaries, we use the Jaccard index, which compares the size of the intersection with the size of the union of each pair of delineations. We apply the proposed ap

关键词： functional urban areas (FUAs) boundaries multiple regression modelling artificial light-at-night (ALAN) optimal threshold

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Prediction of rock mass P wave velocity using blasthole drilling information

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINING RECLAMATION AND ENVIRONMENT 2019年第1期33卷 61-74页

作者： Basarir, H. Dincer, T. Univ Western Australia Sch Civil Environm & Min Engn Perth WA Australia Min Solut Consultancy Pty Ltd Perth WA Australia

In this paper, the development of the models for the prediction of rock mass P wave velocity is presented. For model development, the database of 53 cases including widely used and recorded drilling parameters and P wave velocity was constructed from the field studies conducted in 13 open pit lignite mines. Both conventional linear, non-linear multiple regression and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) were used for model development. Prediction performance indicators showed that ANFIS model presented the best performance and it can successfully be used for the preliminary prediction of P wave velocities of rock masses.

关键词： Blasthole drilling rotary drilling P wave velocity adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) multiple regression modelling

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Preliminary estimation of rock mass strength using diamond bit drilling operational parameters

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINING RECLAMATION AND ENVIRONMENT 2016年第2期30卷 145-164页

作者： Basarir, H. Karpuz, C. Middle E Tech Univ Fac Engn Dept Min Engn TR-06531 Ankara Turkey

In many mining engineering applications such as prospecting, development, production and grouting, diamond bit drilling is widely used due to high penetration rate, core recovery and its ability to drill with less deviation. It has been well known that the operational parameters of diamond bit drilling are closely related with rock mass strength properties. One of the most widely discussed subjects in drilling is the possibility of using diamond drill bit operational parameters for preliminary estimation of rock mass strength and deformability properties used in many mining engineering design projects. Once such rock properties are estimated, it will be possible to make tactical planning decisions as mining progresses. In this study two different techniques, multiple regression and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) were used to develop the models for preliminary estimation of rock mass strength. The variables used in the models are widely known and recorded operational parameters of diamond bit drilling such as bit load, bit rotation and penetration rate. To develop the models, a database covering the rock properties and the machine operational parameters collected from seven different drill holes in Turkey was constructed. Results indicate that both regression and ANFIS-based models can successfully be used to predict the rock mass strength. Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference model exhibits better performance according to statistical performance indicators. By means of the developed models it is possible to estimate the strength of rock mass during drilling operation, especially in weak and highly fractured rock masses. The estimated strength parameters can be related to further mining engineering applications such as the assessment of excavatability, blast design and even mine design studies.

关键词： diamond bit drilling rock mass strength multiple regression modelling adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)

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Critical Study of multiple regressions modelling for Monitoring of Haloacetic Acids in Water Reservoirs

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ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2015年第1期40卷 101-108页

作者： Ata, Sadia Wattoo, Feroza Hamid Din, Muhammad Imran Wattoo, Muhammad Hamid Sarwar Qadir, Muhammad Abdul Tirmizi, Syed Ahmed Abdullah, Pauzi Univ Punjab Inst Chem Lahore 54590 Pakistan Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agr Univ Univ Inst Biochem & Biotechnol Rawalpindi Pakistan Quaid I Azam Univ Dept Chem Islamabad Pakistan Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia Ctr Water Res & Anal Bangi 43600 Selangor Malaysia

Haloacetic acids are disinfection by-products formed during oxidation of natural water. In this study, linear and nonlinear models were developed based on field-scale investigations. These statistical models were applied to predict the formation of haloacetic acids in the treated water. Pearson's correlation was used to check significance of raw water determinants at the probability of 0.05. multiple forward stepwise regression method was used to develop these models which were then validated using another set of results from the identical source. These predicted results show that linear model was better fit than nonlinear model. A plot of predicted and measured values showed that the Pearson's coefficient and the slope were in good agreement. The developed models can thus be used to reduce the occurrence of haloacetic acids in treated water by means of regulating the raw water quality used for the treatment plant.

关键词： Drinking water multiple regression modelling Haloacetic acids

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The influence of research and development policy: the case of Estonia in the EU

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INNOVATION MANAGEMENT 2015年第3期18卷 307-329页

作者： Reiljan, Janno Paltser, Ingra Univ Tartu Fac Econ & Business Adm Tartu Estonia

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the international position of Estonia among the member states of the EU and countries closely associated with the EU, from the perspective of the effect of research and development (R&D) policy on innovation activities in the business sector. Design/methodology/approach - Based on existing scientific research literature on the relationships between R&D policy and business sector R&D activities and innovation performance, a set of indicators describing R&D policymeasures was created for the business sector. Using principal component analysis (PCA) method, independent robust dimensions of R&D policy were brought out. After eliminating the problem ofmulticollinearity in R&D policy indicators, robustmultiple regressionmodels were conducted to present a comprehensive empirical description of the shaping of business sector R&D and innovation activities in the sample of investigated countries. Findings - Based on the literature, the influences of R&D policy measures on business sector R&D activities and innovation performance were systemised;public R&D policy dimensions were empirically defined;the intensity of R&D policy influence on business sector R&D activities was estimated;the differences between real and prognostic values of business sector performance indicators in Estonia were calculated in order to characterise the efficiency of Estonian R&D policy and the influence of the socioeconomic environment. Research limitations/implications - The lack of comparable data describing R&D policy and R&D activities and innovation performance in the business sector limits the comprehensiveness of the analysis (i.e. the number of analysed indicators). Practical implications - The assessment and comparative analysis of the influence of R&D policy components on business sector R&D activities and innovation performance in different countries makes it possible to identify directions for increasing the efficiency of R&D policy under

关键词： Estonia Innovation performance Principal component analysis multiple regression modelling R&D activities R&D policy

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A feasibility study of mapping light-absorbing carbon using a taxi fleet as a mobile platform

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TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY 2014年第1期66卷 Article: 23533页

作者： Krecl, Patricia Johansson, Christer Strom, Johan Lovenheim, Boel Gallet, Jean-Charles Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brazil Stockholm Univ Dept Appl Environm Sci ITM Atmospher Sci Unit S-10691 Stockholm Sweden Stockholm Environm & Hlth Adm Stockholm Sweden Norwegian Polar Res Inst Tromso Norway

Carbon-containing particles are associated with adverse health effects, and their light-absorbing fractions were recently estimated to be the second largest contributor to global warming after carbon dioxide. Knowledge on the spatiotemporal variability of light-absorbing carbon (LAC) particles in urban areas is relevant for air quality management and to better diagnose the population exposure to these particles. This work reports on the first mobile LAC mass concentrations (M-LAC) measured on-board four taxis in the Stockholm metropolitan area in November 2011. On average, concentrations were higher and more variable during daytime (median of 1.9 mu g m(-3) and median absolute deviation of 2.3 mu g m(-3)). Night-time (21:00-05:00) measurements were very similar for all road types and also compared to levels monitored at an urban background fixed site (median of 0.9 mu g m(-3)). We observed a large intra-urban variability in concentrations, with maxima levels inside road tunnels (median and 95th percentile of 7.5 and 40.1 mu g m(-3), respectively). Highways presented the second ranked concentrations (median and 95th percentile of 3.2 and 9.7 mu g m(-3), respectively) associated with highest vehicle speed (median of 65 km h(-1)), traffic rates (median of 62 000 vehicles day(-1) and 1500 vehicles h(-1)) and diesel vehicles share (7-10%) when compared to main roads, canyon streets, and local roads. multiple regression modelling identified hourly traffic rate and M-LAC concentration measured at an urban background site as the best predictors of on-road concentrations, but explained only 25% of the observed variability. This feasibility study proved to be a time-and cost-effective approach to map out ambient M-LAC concentrations in Stockholm and more research is required to represent the distribution in other periods of the year. Simultaneous monitoring of other pollutants, closely correlated to M-LAC levels in traffic-polluted environments, and including video recording

关键词： black carbon elemental carbon mobile measurements urban aerosols air quality multiple regression modelling Sweden

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