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multiple description Scalable coding for Video Transmission over Unreliable Networks

9th SAMOS International Workshop

作者： Choupani, Roya Wong, Stephan Tolun, Mehmet R. TUDelft Dept Comp Engn Delft Netherlands Cankaya Univ Comp Engn Dept Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9783642031373

Developing real time multimedia applications for best effort networks such as the Internet requires prohibitions against jitter delay and frame loss. This problem is further complicated in wireless networks as the rate of frame corruption or loss is higher in wireless networks while they generally have lower data rates compared to wired networks. On the other hand, variations of the bandwidth and the receiving device characteristics require data rate adaptation capability of the coding method. multiple description coding (MDC) methods are used to solve the jitter delay and frame loss problems by making the transmitted data more error resilient, however, this results in reduced data rate because of the added overhead. MDC methods do not address the bandwidth variation and receiver characteristics differences. In this paper a new method based on integrating MDC and the scalable video coding extension of H.264 standard is proposed. Our method can handle both jitter delay and frame loss, and data rate adaptation problems. Our method utilizes motion compensating scheme and, therefore, is compatible with the current video coding standards such as MPEG-4 and H.264. Based on the simulated network conditions, our method shows promising results and we have achieved tip to 36dB for average Y-PSNR.

关键词： Scalable Video coding multiple description coding Multimedia Transmission

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Real-time multiple description intra-coding by sorting and interpolation of coefficients

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Signal, Image and Video Processing 2007年第1期1卷 1-10页

作者： Conci, Nicola De Natale, Francesco G. B. Department of Information and Communication Technology University of Trento Trento Italy

A novel approach to multiple description coding (MDC) of digital video is presented. In the proposed scheme, each descriptor carries a limited number of alternately selected coefficients, complemented with sorting information, which is used at the decoder to achieve an accurate interpolation of missing coefficients. In order to achieve an efficient compression reducing the overhead, a very effective JPEG-like syntax has been introduced to encode the side information. As compared to other approaches to MDC, the proposed strategy is characterized by an extremely low computational burden, while ensuring comparable overhead and almost seamless reconstruction from a single descriptor. Current implementation refers to a two-descriptors architecture, and is tested on intra-frames only, using a M-JPEG scheme for the simulation. Further studies are being conducted to extend the method to more descriptors and motion-compensated video coding. © 2007 Springer-Verlag London Limited.

关键词： Error resilience multiple description coding Video streaming

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A Low Computational Complexity multiple description Image coding Algorithm Based on JPEG Standard

A Low Computational Complexity Multiple Description Image Co...

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Int Conf on Telecommunications and Networking (TeNe) / Int Joint Conf on Computer, Information, and Systems Sciences, and Engineering (CISSE 2008)

作者： Shan, Ying-ying Wang, Xuan Commun Univ China Dept Commun & Informat Syst Beijing 100024 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789048136612

In this paper, a low complexity multiple description image coding scheme based on JPEG is proposed, which mitigates the image quality reduction due to packet loss during network transmission. The basic idea is to divide an image into multiple descriptions through multiple description scalar quantization (MDSQ) of DCT coefficients. Index assignment matrixes are produced according to the JPEG quantization table, which is implemented during the MDSQ process. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a high transmission quality with lower computational complexity.

关键词： multiple description coding MDSQ JPEG

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SCALABLE VS. multiple-description VIDEO coding FOR ADAPTIVE STREAMING OVER PEER-TO-PEER NETWORKS

SCALABLE VS. MULTIPLE-DESCRIPTION VIDEO CODING FOR ADAPTIVE ...

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20th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

作者： Bagci, K. Tolga Gurler, C. Goktug Tekalp, A. Murat Koc Univ Coll Engn Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781479923410

Both scalable video coding (SVC) and multiple description coding (MDC) have been evaluated in the literature for adaptive streaming over peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. However, these evaluations have used either unrealistic or too specific P2P topologies or omitted considering key video coding parameters such as compression efficiency and redundancy. In this study, we evaluate the performances of SVC, MDC and scalable multiple description coding (SMDC) with network-level adaptation schemes under varying peer bandwidth, average end-to-end delay, and peer exit ratio, as well as MDC redundancy levels. Extensive test results help us to reach conclusions regarding under which conditions SVC, MDC or SMDC should be preferred to achieve a reliable video service over mesh P2P overlays.

关键词： Peer-to-peer video streaming scalable video coding multiple description coding

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A Novel multiple description Video coding Based on Data Reuse

A Novel Multiple Description Video Coding Based on Data Reus...

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20th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

作者： Dong, Meng Cai, Canhui Ma, Kai-Kuang Huaqiao Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Xiamen 361021 Peoples R China Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781479923410

A novel H.264-based multiple description coding (MDC) framework, called data reuse MDC (DR-MDC), is proposed in this paper. The input video sequence is first down-sampled by a factor of two in both horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, on each frame to generate four sub-sequences, followed by grouping them into two descriptions via the quincunx manner. In each description, one sub-sequence is directly encoded by applying the H.264/AVC encoder, while the other is examined at each macroblock (MB) to determine whether the encoding of the current MB should be conducted or skipped completely based on the following criterion: If the MB is considered locating in a homogeneous or still background region, the encoding process will be skipped. Otherwise, the neighboring prediction algorithm will be used to predict the pixel values of this MB, and the resultant prediction errors will be further encoded and transmitted. Experimental results have shown that the proposed DR-MDC scheme is more error resilient and yields better reconstructed video than the existing state-of-the-art MDC methods.

关键词： H.264/AVC multiple description coding data reuse neighboring prediction

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Hybrid scalable video coding with multiple description and layered coding

Hybrid scalable video coding with multiple description and l...

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Conferenceon Visual Communications and Image Processing 2006

作者： Zhang, GJ Stevenson, RL Univ Notre Dame Dept Elect Engn Notre Dame IN 46556 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819461172

We present a hybrid scalable video coding algorithm in which two types of scalabilities, i.e., layered scalability and parallel scalability, are combined to achieve higher order of flexibility for heterogeneous networks and mixed client requirements. In space domain, SNR scalable video coding is used to give layered scalability on frame quality;while in temporal domain, a multiple description approach, the multiple State Video coding (MSVC), provides parallel scalability to the base layer video. Two coarsely quantized sub-streams are yielded using MSVC and form the base layer. All residual signals of the video sequence are coded into a third sub-stream and form the enhancement layer. The hybrid scalable video protects the base layer using multiple description and has better performance than conventional layered scalable video when a base layer picture is damaged. It gives similar performance as SNR scalable video when the enhancement layer encounters errors. In general packet drop networks, the proposed scalable video achieves higher PSNR than the original MSVC video and single description video in high packet drop rate environments.

关键词： hybrid scalable video multiple description coding SNR scalable coding error resilience

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Space-time multiple description video coding

Space-time multiple description video coding

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Conferenceon Visual Communications and Image Processing 2006

作者： Wang, D Canagarajah, N Bull, D Univ Bristol Image Commun Grp Ctr Commun Res Merchant Ventures BldgWoodland Rd Bristol BS8 1UB Avon England

ISBN: (纸本)0819461172

This paper develops a combined space-time multiple description video coding (ST-MDVC) scheme and corresponding error concealment methods in order to adapt to error prone packet networks, especially for multiple channels. It generates four descriptions, instead of two in most other MDVC schemes, with much lower redundancy than others. The three-loop slice group MDVC approach of [8] is used to achieve spatial description splitting. MDVC is very suitable for multiple channel environments, and especially able to maintain acceptable quality when some of these channels fail completely, i.e. in an on-off MDC environment, without experiencing any drifting problem. Our MDC scheme coupled with the proposed concealment approaches proved to be suitable not only for the on-off MDC environment case (data from one channel fully lost), but also for the case where only some packets are lost from one or more channels. Several steps to achieve high performance concealments are done with the received packets. Results show the promising performance with very low redundancy for both the balanced and unbalanced channel cases. Generating four descriptions make it more adapted to multi-path scenarios.

关键词： multiple description coding error concealment error resilience

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multiple description Image coding with Local Random Measurements

Multiple Description Image Coding with Local Random Measurem...

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Data Compression Conference (DCC)

作者： Liu, Xianming Wu, Xiaolin Zhao, Debin Harbin Inst Technol Sch Comp Sci & Technol Harbin Peoples R China McMaster Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Hamilton ON L8S4K1 Canada Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Inst Image Commun & Informat Processing Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479938827

In this paper, an effective multiple description image coding technique is developed to achieve competitive coding efficiency at low encoder complexity, while being standard compliant. The new technique is particularly suitable for visual communication over packet-switched networks and with resource-deficient wireless devices. To keep the encoder simple and standard compliant, multiple descriptions are produced by quincunx spatial multiplexing. Each side description is a polyphase downsampled version of the input image, but the conventional low-pass filter prior to downsampling is replaced by a local random binary convolution kernel. The pixels of each resulting side description are local random measurements and placed in the original spatial configuration. The advantages of local random measurements are two folds: 1) preservation of high-frequency image features that are otherwise discarded by low-pass filtering;2) each side description remains a conventional image and can therefore be coded by any standardized codec to remove statistical redundancy of larger scales. The decoder performs joint upsampling of received description(s) and recovers the image from local random measurements in a framework of compressive sensing. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed multiple description image codec is competitive in rate-distortion performance compared with existing methods, with a unique strength of recovering fine details and sharp edges at low bit rates.

关键词： multiple description coding random sampling compressive sensing sparse representation

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multiple description video coding based on forward error correction within expanding windows

Multiple description video coding based on forward error cor...

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20th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

作者： Lin, Chunyu Zhao, Yao Xiao, Jimin Tillo, Tammam Beijing Jiaotong Univ Inst Informat Sci Beijing Key Lab Adv Informat Sci & Network Beijing Peoples R China Univ Liverpool Dept Elect Engn & Elect Liverpool L69 3GJ Merseyside England Xian Jiaotong Liverpool Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Suzhou Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479923410

In this paper, an MDC scheme based on forward error correction(FEC) within expanding windows is proposed. Firstly, the video sequence will be coded into source packets with/without slice group enabled. Secondly, the appropriate FEC packets are inserted according to the packet loss rate. Since the previous frames in a GOP is generally more important than the following frames in the GOP, an expanding window is exploited so that the FEC packets for the current frame will also protect the previous frames in the window. After this, the source packets with the inserted FEC packets will be divided into two descriptions and transmitted into two independent channels. When some packets in one description are lost, FEC decoding will try to recover the lost packets. Through this scheme, the source packets can get appropriate protection while the compression efficiency will not be degraded too much. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the compared schemes up to 3dB.

关键词： Video coding multiple description coding forward error correction

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multiple description VIDEO coding FOR REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS USING HEVC 30

MULTIPLE DESCRIPTION VIDEO CODING FOR REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS...

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30th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

作者： Trung Hieu Le Antonini, Marc Lambert, Marc Alioua, Karima Cote dAzur Univ I3S Lab Sophia Antipolis France CNRS UMR 7271 Sophia Antipolis France LEXTAN SAS Gemenos France

ISBN: (纸本)9781728198354

Remote control vehicles require the transmission of large amounts of data, and video is one of the most important sources for the driver. To ensure reliable video transmission, the encoded video stream is transmitted simultaneously over multiple channels. However, this solution incurs a high transmission cost. To address this issue, it is necessary to use more efficient video encoding methods that can make the video stream robust to noise. Moreover it should have a less complexity to adapt to the real time requirement. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity, low-latency 2-channel multiple description coding (MDC) solution with an adaptive Instantaneous Decoder Refresh (IDR) frame period, which is compatible with the HEVC standard with adaptive redundancy adjustment. This method shows a better resistance to high packet loss rates with lower complexity.

关键词： multiple description coding HEVC Error Correction

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