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Beam Designs for Millimeter-Wave Backhaul With Dual-Polarized Uniform Planar Arrays

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2020年第7期68卷 4202-4217页

作者： Kim, Sucheol Choi, Junil Song, Jiho Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Sch Elect Engn Daejeon 34141 South Korea Univ Ulsan Sch Elect Engn Ulsan 44610 South Korea

This paper proposes hybrid beamforming designs for millimeter-wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) backhaul systems equipped with uniform planar arrays (UPAs) of dual-polarization antennas at both the transmit and receive base stations. The proposed beamforming designs are to near-optimally solve optimization problems taking the dual-polarization UPA structure into account. Based on the solutions of optimization problems, this paper shows it is possible to generate the optimal dual-polarization beamformer from the optimal single-polarization beamformer sharing the same optimality. As specific examples, squared error and magnitude of inner product are considered respectively for optimization criteria. To optimize proposed beamformers, partial channel information is needed, and the use of low overhead pilot sequences is also proposed to figure out the required information. Simulation results verify that the resulting beamformers have the most uniform gain (with the squared error criterion) or the highest average gain (with the magnitude of inner product criterion) in the covering region with the UPA of dual-polarization antennas.

关键词： Array signal processing Radio frequency MIMO communication Optimization Planar arrays Backhaul systems multiple-input multiple-output millimeter-wave communications dual-polarization uniform planar array hybrid beamforming

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Analysis and FPGA Implementation of Zero-Forcing Receive Beamforming with Signal Space Diversity under Different Interleaving Techniques

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JOURNAL OF CIRCUITS SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS 2020年第1期29卷

作者： Resat, Mustafa Anil Cicek, Adem Ozyurt, Serdar Cavus, Enver Ankara Yildirim Beyazit Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Ankara Turkey

We combine multiple-input multiple-output zero-forcing receive beamforming (ZFRBF) with time and spatial component interleaved signal space diversity (SSD) and analyze the system's error performance and implementation complexity. A transreceiver system with two transmit and M >= 2) receive antennas is considered where the number of simultaneous substreams equals two. The error performance of the proposed scheme with binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulations is studied. Under the time component interleaved SSD case, we derive an exact average bit error probability expression for BPSK and a tight approximation on the average symbol error probability for QPSK. The signal constellation rotation angles are accordingly computed. Using a similar approach, the signal constellation rotation angles are also determined for the scenario of spatial component interleaved SSD. It is demonstrated that the performance of the original ZFRBF model can be improved significantly by utilizing SSD especially with the time interleaving method. Another contribution to the literature is to study hardware complexity of the proposed scheme on FPGA. It is shown that while achieving considerable performance gain, SSD introduces only an insignificant increase to the system complexity without any extra bandwidth or time slot usage.

关键词： Signal space diversity multiple-input multiple-output zero-forcing receive beamforming time interleaving spatial interleaving field-programmable gate array

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Transmit antenna selection for spatial modulation MIMO IoT networks with full-duplex relaying

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AEU-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS 2020年 123卷 153312-153312页

作者： Ba Cao Nguyen Tran Manh Hoang Tran, Phuong T. Nguyen, Vinh P. Telecommun Univ Nha Trang Vietnam Ton Duc Thang Univ Fac Elect & Elect Engn Wireless Commun Res Grp Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Bosch Vietna Co Ltd Long Thanh Vietnam

Recent advances in 5G wireless technology, including multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems and full-duplex communications, have opened the gate for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, especially for wireless sensor nodes to collect and transfer data between environment and control center. This study analyzes the deployment of transmit antenna selection (TAS) in spatial modulation (SM) MIMO full-duplex relaying (FDR) system (SM-MIMO-FDR), where relay uses decode-and-forward (DF) protocol. Due to the computational complexity, TAS was usually neglected in previous studies on SM-MIMO system, especially when FDR is employed in the system. Here, we derive the exact form of outage probability (OP) and symbol error rate (SER) to indicate the performance of SM-MIMO-FDR system with TAS over Rayleigh fading channel. A comparison between SM-MIMO-FDR with TAS and conventional SM-MIMO-FDR shows a significant performance enhancement. Also, this study includes the impact of antenna quantity, data transmission rate, and residual self-interference (RSI) on the OP and SER through derived mathematical expressions. Finally, the correctness of the analysis is verified by numerical results through Monte Carlo simulations. (C) 2020 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. (C) 2020 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

关键词： Full-duplex relay Self-interference cancellation multiple-input multiple-output Spatial modulation Transmit antenna selection Outage probability Symbol error probability

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Machine Intelligence at the Edge With Learning Centric Power Allocation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2020年第11期19卷 7293-7308页

作者： Wang, Shuai Wu, Yik-Chung Xia, Minghua Wang, Rui Poor, H. Vincent Southern Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect & Elect Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Southern Univ Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Univ Hong Kong Dept Elect & Elect Engn Hong Kong Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ Sch Elect & Informat Technol Guangzhou 510006 Peoples R China Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Zhuhai 519082 Peoples R China Princeton Univ Dept Elect Engn Princeton NJ 08544 USA

While machine-type communication (MTC) devices generate considerable amounts of data, they often cannot process the data due to limited energy and computational power. To empower MTC with intelligence, edge machine learning has been proposed. However, power allocation in this paradigm requires maximizing the learning performance instead of the communication throughput, for which the celebrated water-filling and max-min fairness algorithms become inefficient. To this end, this paper proposes learning centric power allocation (LCPA), which provides a new perspective on radio resource allocation in learning driven scenarios. By employing 1) an empirical classification error model that is supported by learning theory and 2) an uncertainty sampling method that accounts for different distributions at users, LCPA is formulated as a nonconvex nonsmooth optimization problem, and is solved using a majorization minimization (MM) framework. To get deeper insights into LCPA, asymptotic analysis shows that the transmit powers are inversely proportional to the channel gains, and scale exponentially with the learning parameters. This is in contrast to traditional power allocations where quality of wireless channels is the only consideration. Last but not least, a large-scale optimization algorithm termed mirror-prox LCPA is further proposed to enable LCPA in large-scale settings. Extensive numerical results demonstrate that the proposed LCPA algorithms outperform traditional power allocation algorithms, and the large-scale optimization algorithm reduces the computation time by orders of magnitude compared with MM-based LCPA but still achieves competing learning performance.

关键词： Machine learning Resource management Data models Wireless communication Computational modeling Image edge detection Training Empirical classification error model edge machine learning learning centric communication multiple-input multiple-output resource allocation

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A user matching and power allocation scheme for downlink MIMO-NOMA communication system

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PHYSICAL COMMUNICATION 2020年 42卷 101174-101174页

作者： Lu, Yin Qu, Yihuang Yang, Chuying Li, Taosen Wang, Xiumei Bian, Haowei Zhu, Hongbo Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Jiangsu Key Lab Wireless Commun Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Engn Res Ctr Hlth Serv Syst Based Ubiquitous Wire Minist Educ Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Coll Internet Things Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) combined with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) can greatly increase the system throughput, but it will cause additional interference. Generally, the interference can be eliminated by utilizing the precoding technology. The previous studies preferentially focused on the channel difference between users, and neglected the lowly correlated scenarios, leading to the decline of users' throughput. A low-complexity user matching and power allocation scheme is proposed for such scenarios. Firstly, users with higher channel correlations are matched, and the remaining users are matched in terms of channel difference. Furthermore, the objective function is established to maximize the system throughput while assuring users' quality of service (QoS). Eventually, with the objective function in the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions being solved, the power allocation factors are achieved. The simulation results quantify that the proposed scheme has an advantage over the conventional MIMO-NOMA scheme. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Non-orthogonal multiple access multiple-input multiple-output User matching Power allocation

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Power Allocation Based on Reinforcement Learning for MIMO System With Energy Harvesting

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2020年第7期69卷 7622-7633页

作者： Mu, Xingchi Zhao, Xiaohui Liang, Hui Jilin Univ Coll Commun Engn Changchun 130012 Peoples R China

This paper focuses on the use of a reinforcement learning (RL) approach to find two online power allocation policies in a point to point EH-MIMO wireless communication system. In our study, we train the power allocation policies in order to learn the map between the environment and the agent. Particularly, in order to avoid "dimension disaster" problem which may happen in our proposed SARSA power allocation policy, we introduce a linear approximation method to get an approximate SARSA power allocation policy. The linear approximation can handle infinite number of states and trade-off between complexity and performance of power allocation is significantly improved. The simulation results show that the proposed SARSA and approximate SARSA power allocation policies have a considerable throughput increase compared with the benchmark policies, such as greedy, random and conservative policies.

关键词： Resource management MIMO communication Wireless communication Approximation algorithms Energy harvesting Transmitters Batteries Power allocation throughout maximization reinforcement learning energy harvesting multiple-input multiple-output

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A Low-Profile Pattern Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 34500-34506页

作者： Han, Liping Ping, Yiwei Liu, Yufeng Han, Guorui Zhang, Wenmei Shanxi Univ Coll Phys & Elect Engn Taiyuan 030006 Peoples R China

A low-profile pattern reconfigurable multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is demonstrated in this paper. The antenna element is composed of a rectangular monopole and two sets of parasitic strips loaded with PIN diodes. The parasitic strips can operate as a reflector or a director by switching the PIN diodes on or off. As a result, the element provides a bidirectional mode and two directional modes. The MIMO antenna consists of two elements, which are arranged opposite to each other. Two decoupling strips are introduced to improve the isolation between the elements. The simulation and measurement results illustrate that the proposed antenna has nine pattern configurations. The overlapped bandwidth of the nine modes is 10.6%, and the isolation is greater than 16.5 dB. Also, a good diversity performance is obtained.

关键词： MIMO communication Antenna radiation patterns Strips Bandwidth PIN photodiodes Reflection coefficient Low-profile pattern reconfigurable multiple-input multiple-output PIN diode

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A novel range ambiguity resolving approach for high-resolution and wide-swath SAR imaging utilizing space-pulse phase coding

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 2020年 168卷 107323-000页

作者： Wang, Hanbing Zhang, Yuhong Xu, Jingwei Liao, Guisheng Zeng, Cao Xidian Univ Natl Lab Radar Signal Proc Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China Xidian Univ Sch Elect Engn Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China

High-resolution and wide-swath (HRWS) imaging is highly desired in future synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. However, it is a contradictory requirement between high azimuth resolution and wide unambiguous swath coverage in a traditional SAR system. This paper proposes a novel solution to realize HRWS imaging by resolving the range ambiguity through a phase coding technique. The phase coding is employed in both spatial channels and slow time pulses. By properly designing the coding scheme, it is possible to separate the echoes from multiple ambiguous range regions from each other in the spatial domain. For each particular range region, the corresponding optimized receive beampattern can be used to extract the desired echoes from the presumed range region and suppress the undesired echoes from other range-ambiguous regions. The residual range-ambiguous echoes are also addressed. Specifically, it is capable of further mitigating the residual range-ambiguous echoes by optimally designing the coding scheme and the transmit beampattern. In the final, a bank of imaging processors can be implemented to obtain the high-resolution images of these range regions, which can be synthesized into a whole HRWS SAR image of the scene of interest. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar High-resolution and wide-swath Space-pulse phase coding Range ambiguity multiple-input multiple-output

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Adaptive Quadrature Spatial Modulation

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IETE TECHNICAL REVIEW 2020年第6期37卷 579-590页

作者： Oladoyinbo, S. Pillay, N. Xu, H. Univ KwaZulu Natal Sch Engn ZA-4041 Durban South Africa

In this paper, we investigate an enhanced form of spatial modulation, in the form of quadrature spatial modulation (QSM). The existing analytical error performance of QSM does not agree well with Monte Carlo simulation results in the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region. Hence, the first contribution of the paper is to formulate a new analytical bound on error performance, which improves on the validation of simulation results at low SNRs. Secondly, a link adaptation technique for QSM is investigated in order to further improve its error performance. The proposed scheme is based on a selection technique between candidate transmission modes chosen to satisfy a target spectral efficiency, which employs optimal transmit antenna selection and modulation order selection, such as to minimize the average bit error probability (BEP). Euclidean distance-based antenna selection is employed to select the enumeration of transmit antennas for each transmission candidate, while the instantaneous BEP (IBEP) is employed to select the transmission candidate mode. Significant SNR gain over QSM is demonstrated. In order to reduce the computational complexity (CC) overhead of optimal transmit antenna selection, the third contribution is to investigate suboptimal low-complexity transmit antenna selection for the proposed scheme. Monte Carlo simulation results demonstrate a trade-off between the error performance and CC.

关键词： Adaptive quadrature spatial modulation Euclidean distance-based antenna selection Instantaneous bit error probability Low-complexity transmit antenna selection multiple-input multiple-output Quadrature spatial modulation

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Energy harvesting relay-antenna selection in cooperative MIMO/NOMA network over Rayleigh fading

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WIRELESS NETWORKS 2020年第3期26卷 2075-2087页

作者： Thi Anh Le Hyung Yun Kong Univ Ulsan Dept Elect Engn Ulsan South Korea

In this paper, a combination system of multi-antenna multiple input multiple output (MIMO) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technologies is investigated, in which the source communicates with users using a multiple amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying network. These relay nodes are equipped with a single antenna and employ a power-splitting protocol to harvest energy from received signals, whereas the source and users are multiple-antenna nodes. In addition, two antenna-relay selection methods are considered to enhance the harvested energy at the relay including the maximum ratio transmission (MRT) and transmit antenna selection (TAS) at the source, with maximal-ratio combining at the users, these methods are compared to the performance of the random selection (RS) scheme. To evaluate the performance of the proposed system, we derive analytical expressions of the outage probability and throughput for the MRT and TAS schemes over Rayleigh fading channels, and use a Monte Carlo simulation to verify the accuracy of the analytical results. The results demonstrate the benefit of using MRT and TAS schemes, which provide a better performance than RS schemes, in a MIMO/NOMA system. Moreover, these results characterize the effects of various system parameters, such as power allocation factors, the numbers of antenna and relay nodes, power-splitting ratio, successive interference cancellation and energy-harvesting efficiency, on the system performance of two users of MIMO/NOMA. This is further compared with multiple-antenna conventional orthogonal multiple access (MIMO/OMA) schemes.

关键词： Non-orthogonal multiple access multiple-input multiple-output Energy harvesting Amplify-and-forward Maximum ratio transmission Transmit antenna selection

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