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Adaptive detection of moving target with MIMO radar in heterogeneous environments based on Rao and Wald tests

SIGNAL PROCESSING 2015年 114卷 198-208页

作者： Li, Na Cui, Guolong Yang, Haining Kong, Lingjiang Liu, Qing Huo Iommelli, Salvatore Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Dept Signal & Informat Proc Chengdu 610054 Peoples R China Duke Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Durham NC 27706 USA Univ Naples Federico II Dipartimento Ingn Elettr & Tecnol Informaz Naples Italy

This paper deals with the adaptive detection of moving targets for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar in heterogeneous clutter environments. Two new detectors based on Rao and Wald criteria are developed using an ad hoc design procedure. Precisely, we first obtain the Rao and Wald tests by assuming the known target velocity and the known structure of the clutter. Then, we modify them by performing a numerical optimization with respect to the target velocity and replacing the clutter covariance matrix with a proper estimate. With a limited number of secondary data set, a class of covariance matrix estimators, defined as the geometric barycenters of some basic covariance matrix estimates obtained from the available secondary data set, are proposed by exploiting the characteristic of the positive-definite matrix space. Finally, numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed detectors and covariance matrix estimators. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar Moving target detection Rao test Wald test Covariance matrix estimation Geometric barycenter

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Joint Range and Angle Estimation Using MIMO radar With Frequency Diverse Array

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING 2015年第13期63卷 3396-3410页

作者： Xu, Jingwei Liao, Guisheng Zhu, Shengqi Huang, Lei So, Hing Cheung Xidian Univ Natl Lab Radar Signal Proc Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China Shenzhen Univ Coll Informat Engn Shenzhen 518052 Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Dept Elect Engn Hong Kong 852 Hong Kong Peoples R China

Phased array is widely used in radar systems with its beam steering fixed in one direction for all ranges. Therefore, the range of a target cannot be determined within a single pulse when range ambiguity exists. In this paper, an unambiguous approach for joint range and angle estimation is devised for multipleinput multiple-output (MIMO) radar with frequency diverse array (FDA). Unlike the traditional phased array, FDA is capable of employing a small frequency increment across the array elements. Because of the frequency increment, the transmit steering vector of the FDA-MIMO radar is a function of both range and angle. As a result, the FDA-MIMO radar is able to utilize degrees-of-freedom in the range-angle domains to jointly determine the range and angle parameters of the target. In addition, the Cramer-Rao bounds for range and angle are derived, and the coupling between these two parameters is analyzed. Numerical results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar frequency diverse array range ambiguity joint range and angle estimation Cramer-Rao bound

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Tensor-based real-valued subspace approach for angle estimation in bistatic MIMO radar with unknown mutual coupling

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 2015年 116卷 152-158页

作者： Wang, Xianpeng Wang, Wei Liu, Jing Liu, Qi Wang, Ben Harbin Engn Univ Coll Automat Harbin 150001 Peoples R China

In this paper, a tensor-based real-valued subspace approach for joint direction of departure (DOD) and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in bistatic MIMO radar with unknown mutual coupling is proposed. Exploiting the inherent multidimensional structure of received data after matched filtering, a third-order measurement tensor signal model is formulated. For eliminating the effect of the unknown mutual coupling, a sub-tensor can be extracted from the third-order measurement tensor by taking advantage of the banded symmetric Toeplitz structure of the mutual coupling matrix (MCM). Then the sub-tensor can be turned into a real-valued one by forward-backward averaging and unitary transformation, and a real-valued signal subspace is constructed to estimate the DOD and DOA by the higher-order singular value decomposition (HOSVD). Owing to utilize the multidimensional structure of received data and forward-backward averaging technique, the proposed method has better angle estimation performance than MUSIC-Like and ESPRIT-Like algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed method is suitable for coherent targets. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed method. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar Angle estimation Real-valued signal subspace Higher-order singular value decomposition Mutual coupling

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Deceptive jamming suppression with frequency diverse MIMO radar

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 2015年 113卷 9-17页

作者： Xu, Jingwei Liao, Guisheng Zhu, Shengqi So, Hing Cheung Xidian Univ Natl Lab Radar Signal Proc Xian 710071 Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Dept Elect Engn Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

Simulated false targets cannot be easily discriminated and suppressed with traditional radar systems, especially for the mainbeam deceptive jamming. In this work, we explore the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with frequency diverse array (FDA) as the transmit array and study its ability to suppress the deceptive jamming in joint transmit-receive domain. In FDA-MIMO radar, the steering vector is dependent on both range and angle. This implies that the false targets can be Suppressed due to the mismatch in either range or angle. In particular, even the mainbeam deceptive jamming can be handled with the FDA-MIMO radar. The effectiveness of our proposed scheme in suppressing jamming under different scenarios is demonstrated via computer simulations. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar Frequency diverse array Range-angle-dependent Deceptive jamming suppression

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Transmit Signal and Receive Filter Design in Co-located MIMO radar Using a Transmit Weighting Matrix

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IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS 2015年第10期22卷 1521-1524页

作者： Imani, Sadjad Ghorashi, Seyed Ali Shahid Beheshti Univ Dept Elect Engn Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Cyber Res Ctr Tehran Iran

In this letter, we jointly design the transmit signals and the receive combining filter based on exact information on the locations of target and interferences in co-located multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars. The idea behind the proposed method is to maximize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) without designing the waveform covariance matrix and exploit the advantages of MIMO radar. Each transmit element sends linear combinations of the orthogonal waveforms by a weighting matrix. Numerical results show the improvement in the SINR performance offered by using the proposed algorithm compared to the phased array and existing MIMO radar techniques.

关键词： Covariance matrix multiple-input multiple-output radar waveform design

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multiple-input multiple-output Over-the-Horizon radar Beamforming With Uniform Circular Arrays

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Over-the-Horizon Radar Beamfo...

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7th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing (CISP)

作者： Yi Zhang Jin Yuxiong Natl Key Lab Sci & Technol Blind Signal Proc Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479958351

multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is a new radar system which utilizes multiple antennas at both the transmitting side and the receiving side. In order to suppress the spread-Doppler sea clutter and eliminate the multipath and multimode clutter when detecting slow-moving ships, some OTHR researchers began to propose that applying the technology of MIMO radar to the next generation of sky-wave OTHR. It reaches this by MIMO beamforming which can be formed on both transmit with non-causal adaptive beamforming and receive and uses this transmit and receive 2D selectivity as the basis of a strategy for minimizing spread-Doppler sea clutter and the multipath and multimode clutter. Uniform linear arrays (ULA) can only use one-dimension in azimuth which is the main array in current generation OTHR systems. This paper considers introducing uniform circular arrays (UCA) in OTHR and we apply MIMO adaptive non-causal beamforming to UCA to achieve elevation filtering capability. Theoretical analysis and simulation results have been presented.

关键词： over-the-horizon radar adaptive beamforming uniform circular array multiple-input multiple-output radar spread-Doppler clutter multi-mode contamination

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Fast Implementation of Transmit Beamforming for Colocated MIMO radar

Fast Implementation of Transmit Beamforming for Colocated MI...

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作者： Sharma, G. V. K. Brno University of Technology

multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars benefit from spatial and waveform diversities to improve the performance potential. Phased array radars transmit scaled versions of a single waveform thereby limiting the transmit degrees of freedom to one. However MIMO radars transmit diverse waveforms from different transmit array elements thereby increasing the degrees of freedom to form flexible transmit beampatterns. The transmit beampattern of a colocated MIMO radar depends on the zero-lag correlation matrix of different transmit waveforms. Many solutions have been developed for designing the signal correlation matrix to achieve a desired transmit beampattern based on optimization algorithms in the literature. In this paper, a fast algorithm for designing the correlation matrix of the transmit waveforms is developed that allows the next generation radars to form flexible beampatterns in real-time. An efficient method for sidelobe control with negligible increase in mainlobe width is also presented.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar transmit beamforming fast implementation waveform diversity zero-lag correlation matrix

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Target localisation techniques and tools for multiple-input multiple-output radar

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IET radar SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2009年第4期3卷 314-327页

作者： Godrich, H. Haimovich, A. M. Blum, R. S. New Jersey Inst Technol Newark NJ 07102 USA Lehigh Univ Bethlehem PA 18015 USA

This study presents a comparative study of coherent and non-coherent target localisation techniques for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar systems with widely distributed elements. Performance is evaluated based on closed-form solutions developed for the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE) for each of the localisation methods. These estimators afford insights into the relation between radar locations, target location and localisation accuracy. In particular, the means squared error of the BLUE is factored into a term dependent on signal and processing characteristics and a term dependent on sensor locations. The latter is referred to as geometric dilution of precision (GDOP). The best achievable accuracy for the coherent case is obtained, and a comparative study with the non-coherent case is presented. MIMO radar systems with coherent processing are shown to benefit from a gain because of coherent processing among sensors. This gain is referred to as coherent localisation gain, and it is proportional to the ratio of the signal carrier frequency to the effective bandwidth (a large ratio for typical signals). The footprint of multiple transmit/receive sensors results in a gain, referred to as MIMO gain, for both processing techniques. The MIMO gain is proportional to the product of the number of transmitting and receiving sensors. Analysis of the MIMO gain through the use of GDOP contour maps demonstrate the achievable accuracy at various target locations for a given layout of sensors.

关键词： target localisation techniques sensor locations MIMO radar systems MIMO communication radar and radionavigation closed-form solutions Radio links and equipment radar multiple-input multiple-output radar Sensing devices and transducers geometric dilution of precision best linear unbiased estimator MIMO gain sensors

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Unitary Subspace-Based Method for Angle Estimation in Bistatic MIMO radar

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CIRCUITS SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2014年第2期33卷 501-513页

作者： Li, Jianfeng Zhang, Xiaofei Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Elect & Informat Engn Nanjing 210016 Jiangsu Peoples R China

In this paper, the issue of joint angle estimation for bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is investigated, and an algorithm for the joint estimation under real-valued computation is proposed. By utilizing the unitary transformation, the direction matrices and the data matrix are transformed to be real-valued ones. The direction of departure (DOD) can be estimated via the real-valued rotational invariance in the subspace, and the direction of arrival (DOA) can be obtained via the real-valued reduced-dimension function of multiple signal classification (MUSIC). The proposed algorithm utilizes both the signal and noise subspaces, requires no peak searching, and can achieve automatically paired estimations of the angles. Furthermore, it has better angle estimation performance than some existing methods. The simulation results verify the algorithmic effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar Unitary subspace Reduced dimension Angle estimation

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A sparse representation scheme for angle estimation in monostatic MIMO radar

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 2014年 104卷 258-263页

作者： Wang, Xianpeng Wang, Wei Liu, Jing Li, Xin Wang, Junxiang Harbin Engn Univ Coll Automat Harbin Peoples R China

In this paper, the problem of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for monostatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is addressed, and a sparse representation scheme for DOA estimation is proposed. Firstly, the reduced-dimensional transformation matrix and SVD-technique are utilized to reduce the computational complexity of the sparse signal reconstruction. Then the coefficients of the reduced-dimensional Capon (RD-Capon) spectrum are exploited to design a weight matrix for reweighting l(1) norm constraint minimization to enhance the sparsity of the solution, and the DOA can be estimated by finding the non-zero rows in the recovered matrix. The angle estimation performance of the proposed method is better than RD-ESPRIT and RD-Capon algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed method works well for coherence targets without any decorrelation procedure, and has low sensitivity to the priori information of the target number. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar Direction of arrival estimation Sparse representation Reduced-dimensional Capon

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