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Direction finding in MIMO radar with large antenna arrays and nonorthogonal waveforms

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 2019年 94卷 75-83页

作者： Wen, Fangqing Mao, Chenxing Zhang, Gong Yangtze Univ Elect & Informat Sch Jingzhou 434023 Peoples R China Hainan Univ State Key Lab Marine Resource Utilizat South Chin Haikou 570228 Hainan Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Key Lab Radar Imaging & Microwave Photon Nanjing 210016 Jiangsu Peoples R China

As an important research branch in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar, orthogonal waveforms are always desirable. In practice, however, the orthogonality may not be always guaranteed. In this paper, a computationally efficient parallel factor (PARAFAC) estimator is proposed, which is suitable for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in colocated MIMO radar with large antenna arrays as well as nonorthogonal waveforms. Firstly, the spatially colored noise caused by the nonorthogonal waveforms is eliminated via temporal cross-correlation of the measurement. Thereafter, a third-order PARAFAC (or called trilinear decomposition) model is established by exploiting the multidimensional structure as well as the low rank property of the cross covariance matrix. The DOA estimation problem is then linked to PARAFAC decomposition and finally obtained via least squares technique. Compared with the existing matrix completion-based algorithm, the proposed estimator is attractive from the perspective of computational complexity and estimation accuracy, especially with large antenna arrays scenario. In addition, the stochastic Cramer-Rao bound on DOA estimation with waveform imperfectly is derived. Numerical simulations are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed estimator. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Direction-of-arrival estimation multiple-input multiple-output radar Nonorthogonal waveform Parallel factor analysis

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Transmit beamspace-based DOD and DOA estimation method for bistatic MIMO radar

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 2019年 157卷 88-96页

作者： Xu, Baoqing Zhao, Yongbo Xidian Univ Natl Lab Radar Signal Proc Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China Xidian Univ Collaborat Innovat Ctr Informat Sensing & Underst Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China

In this paper, we propose a novel angle estimation method in bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar, which combines the transmit beamspace (TB) technique with the unitary ESPRIT (U-ESPRIT) model. The TB matrix is designed to focus the transmitted energy within the desired spatial sector, thus achieving the transmit coherent gain. Due to the special data structure of the TB-based bistatic MIMO radar, a corresponding method is proposed to construct the real-valued model. Unfortunately, the existed interpolation error inevitably degrades the direction-of-departure (DOD) estimation performance. To compensate the DOD estimation error, a look-up table is created, which establishes a one-to-one mapping relationship for DOD. The Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) on angle estimation in TB-based bistatic MIMO radar is also derived for performance analysis. Compared with existing methods, the proposed algorithm has better estimation performance due to the improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain and requires less computational complexity. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the estimation performance of the proposed algorithm. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar Angle estimation Transmit beamspace design DOD estimation error compensation

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Combined root-MUSIC algorithms for multi-carrier MIMO radar with sparse uniform linear arrays

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IET radar SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2019年第1期13卷 89-97页

作者： Liu, Aihua Zhang, Xin Yang, Qiang Wu, XiaoChuan Deng, Weibo Harbin Inst Technol Sch Elect & Informat Engn Harbin 150000 Heilongjiang Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Collaborat Innovat Ctr Informat Sensing & Underst Harbin 150000 Heilongjiang Peoples R China

In this study, sparse uniform linear arrays are used to improve the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation accuracy for the multiple-input multiple-output radar. With a suitable choice of multi-carrier frequencies, the DOA estimation ambiguity problem caused by spatial under-sampling can be resolved. Two kinds of search-free DOA estimation algorithms based on root-multiple signal classification (MUSIC) are proposed. The first algorithm directly applies the root-MUSIC to each carrier frequency separately for the true DOAs as well as their spurious DOAs, then, a novel DOA replicas matching algorithm is proposed to obtain the true DOAs from the ambiguous ones. The second algorithm utilises the manifold separation technique (MST) to align the noise subspaces of all multi-carrier frequencies. Using the MST, the separable representation of the array manifold vector of each carrier frequency is obtained, then the root-MUSIC polynomials of all multi-carrier frequencies are combined to construct a new polynomial, the true DOAs can be obtained directly by applying polynomial rooting without any matching processing. The two proposed algorithms are both practical, computationally efficient and robust. Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms in terms of root-mean-squared error.

关键词： signal classification direction-of-arrival estimation polynomials array signal processing MIMO radar spurious DOAs novel DOA manifold separation technique multicarrier frequencies array manifold vector carrier frequency root-MUSIC polynomials polynomial rooting root-mean-squared error combined root-MUSIC algorithms multicarrier MIMO radar sparse uniform linear arrays direction-of-arrival estimation accuracy multiple-input multiple-output radar DOA estimation ambiguity problem search-free DOA estimation algorithms root-multiple signal classification

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Space-time coding waveform design for MIMO radar transmit beamforming with minimum MFL

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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 2019年 89卷 124-130页

作者： Wu, Wenhua Cao, Yunhe Wu, Chun-lin Wang, Yu Xidian Univ Natl Lab Radar Signal Proc Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China Naval Aeronaut Univ Qingdao Campus Qingdao 266041 Shandong Peoples R China

In this paper, we utilize a space-time coding (STC) scheme to synthesize the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar transmit beampattern and meanwhile consider the matched filtering loss (MFL) of equivalent signal in waveform design. To solve the MFL optimization problem, we propose a simulated annealing based (SA-based) algorithm to effectively find the optimal solution of STC waveform matrix. Our STC method for waveform design has suppressed the fluctuation of equivalent signal so that has the advantage of achieving the minimum MFL nearly, compared to the conventional methods for constant-envelope constraint waveform design (e.g. cyclic algorithm (CA) method). Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar Space-time coding Transmit beamforming Matched filtering loss

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A Novel TSWLS Method for Moving Target Localization in Distributed MIMO radar Systems

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2019年第12期23卷 2210-2214页

作者： Song, Haibo Wen, Gongjian Zhu, Lingxiao Li, Dongdong Natl Univ Def Technol Coll Elect Sci Natl Key Lab Sci & Technol ATR Changsha 410073 Hunan Peoples R China

In this letter, the moving target localization problem is studied under distributed multiple-input multiple-output radar systems. Based on the two-stage weighted least squares framework, a closed-form solution of target position and velocity is derived. In the first stage, linear equations about target position and velocity are established with no nuisance parameters. Then the estimate is achieved by a weighted least squares (WLS) estimator. In the second stage, the estimation error of the first stage is estimated by another WLS method to refine the localization performance. The final estimate, combining solutions of the first stage and the second stage, is approximately unbiased and its covariance is equal to the Cramer-Rao lower bound under small noise conditions through the theoretical derivation and numerical simulations. Simulation results demonstrate the proposed method achieves better location accuracy than the state-of-the-art algorithms.

关键词： Transmitters Receivers Mathematical model Covariance matrices MIMO radar radar antennas Pollution measurement Target localization doppler shift time delay multiple-input multiple-output radar

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Repeat radar jammer suppression for a colocated MIMO radar

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IET radar SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2019年第9期13卷 1448-1457页

作者： Xu, Leilei Zhou, Shenghua Liu, Hongwei Liu, Jun Xidian Univ Natl Lab Radar Signal Proc Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China Xidian Univ Collaborat Innovat Ctr Informat Sensing & Underst Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Dept Elect Engn & Informat Sci Hefei Anhui Peoples R China

The digital radio frequency memory repeat jammer, which replicates transmit signals and transmits them back to a radar receiver to mimic real targets, is a notably efficient electronic countermeasure device. It has been pointed out that the colocated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar has an additional advantage in combatting with repeat jammers whose amplifiers operate in the saturation mode and thus can only transmit constant-modulus waveforms, because the amplitude modulation of angular waveforms is difficult to simulate for them. Two waveform design criteria are presented, and both suppress a mutual correlation between angular waveforms and corresponding constant-modulus jamming signals. The two approaches differ on whether the receive beamforming operation is considered. Numerical results validate that the two approaches can both efficiently suppress the mutual correlation and that the second approach outperforms the first approach in terms of the peak sidelobe level.

关键词： MIMO communication digital radio radar signal processing radar receivers radar antennas array signal processing jamming MIMO radar electronic countermeasures repeat radar jammer suppression colocated MIMO radar digital radio frequency memory repeat jammer transmit signals radar receiver notably efficient electronic countermeasure device multiple-input multiple-output radar additional advantage repeat jammers whose amplifiers saturation mode constant-modulus waveforms angular waveforms waveform design criteria suppress mutual correlation constant-modulus jamming signals beamforming operation

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Repeat radar jammer suppression for a colocated MIMO radar

Repeat radar jammer suppression for a colocated MIMO radar

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International Conference on radar (radar)

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Angle Estimation of Noncircular Source in MIMO radar via Unitary Nystrom Method 6th

Angle Estimation of Noncircular Source in MIMO Radar via Uni...

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6th International Conference on Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems (ICCSPS)

作者： Wang, Xianpeng Huang, Mengxing Cao, Chunjie Li, Hui Hainan Univ State Key Lab Marine Resource Utilizat South Chin Haikou 570228 Hainan Peoples R China Hainan Univ Coll Informat Sci & Technol Haikou 570228 Hainan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811065712;9789811065705

In this paper, a unitary Nystrom method for joint direction of departure (DOD) and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of noncircular sources in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is proposed. Firstly, the noncircularity of the signals is used to enlarge the virtual aperture for improving the estimation performance. Then the real-valued signal subspace is achieved by using the unitary transformation and Nystrom method, and finally the DOAs are estimated by combing with conjugate unitary ESPRIT (CU-ESPRIT) algorithm. The proposed method not only achieves the signal subspace without the estimation and eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) of the covariance matrix, but also involves real-valued processing. Thus, compared with the conventional conjugate ESPRIT and conjugate unitary ESPRIT algorithms, the proposed method has lower computational complexity. In addition, the proposed method provides comparable angle estimation performance. Simulation results are used to verify the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar Angle estimation Noncircular sources Unitary transformation Nystrom method

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Adaptive two-step Bayesian MIMO detectors in compound-Gaussian clutter

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 2019年 161卷 1-13页

作者： Li, Na Yang, Haining Cui, Guolong Kong, Lingjiang Liu, Qing Huo Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Informat & Commun Engn Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China UESTC Sch Elect Sci & Engn Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China UESTC Guangdong Inst Elect Informat Engn Dongguan 523808 Peoples R China Duke Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Durham NC USA

The problem of adaptive target detection in compound-Gaussian clutter with unknown covariance matrix for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is addressed in this paper. A set of secondary data for each receiver is assumed to be available, and the primary data and the secondary data own the same covariance matrix structure but different power levels (textures). Firstly, a Bayesian approach is proposed, where the structure is modeled as a random matrix with an appropriate distribution. Then, two ways are adopted to model the texture: an unknown deterministic quantity or a random variable ruled by certain distribution. In this framework, three adaptive generalized likelihood ratio tests (GLRTs) are developed using the two-step design procedure. Finally, the capabilities of the proposed detectors and their superiority with respect to some existing techniques are evaluated via numerical simulations. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar Adaptive detection Bayesian detection Compound-Gaussian clutter Covariance matrix estimation Maximum a posteriori estimator

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A Quadrilinear Decomposition Method for Direction Estimation in Bistatic MIMO radar

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IEEE ACCESS 2018年 6卷 13766-13772页

作者： Wang, Ziyi Cai, Changxin Wen, Fangqing Huang, Dongmei Yangtze Univ Elect & Informat Sch Jingzhou 434023 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Minist Educ Key Lab Radar Imaging & Microwave Photon Nanjing 210016 Peoples R China Naval Command Coll Dept Training Management Nanjing 210016 Peoples R China

We investigate into the problem of joint direction-of-departure (DOD) and direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in a multiple-input multiple-output radar, and a novel covariance tensor-based quadrilinear decomposition algorithm is derived in this paper. By taking into account the multidimensional structure of the matched array data, a fourth-order covariance tensor is formulated, which links the problem of joint DOD and DOA estimation to a quadrilinear decomposition model. A quadrilinear alternating least squares (QALSs) technique is applied to estimate the loading matrices, and thereafter automatically paired DODs and DOAs are obtained via the LSs fitting strategy. The proposed QALS algorithm can be regarded as an alternative to the direct parallel factor (PARAFAC) algorithm, which is more flexible than the latter since it can be easily expanded to scenario with spatially colored noise. Moreover, the proposed algorithm has much lower computational complexity than PARAFAC, especially in the presence of large snapshot. Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： multiple-input multiple-output radar direction estimation tensor decomposition colored noise

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