network function virtualization (NFV) is emerging as one of the most innovative concepts in the networking landscape. By migrating networkfunctions from dedicated middleboxes to general purpose computing platforms, N...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783901882777
network function virtualization (NFV) is emerging as one of the most innovative concepts in the networking landscape. By migrating networkfunctions from dedicated middleboxes to general purpose computing platforms, NFV can effectively reduce the cost to deploy and to operate large networks. However, in order to achieve its full potential, NFV needs to encompass also the radio access network allowing Mobile Virtual network Operators to deploy custom resource allocation solutions within their virtual radio nodes. Such requirement raises several challenges in terms of performance isolation and resource provisioning. In this work we formalize the Virtual networkfunction (VNF) placement problem for radio access networks as an integer linear programming problem and we propose a VNF placement heuristic. Moreover, we also present a proof-of-concept implementation of an NFV management and orchestration framework for Enterprise WLANs. The proposed architecture builds upon a programmable network fabric where pure forwarding nodes are mixed with radio and packet processing nodes leveraging on general computing platforms.
network function virtualization (NFV) enables to implement networkfunctions in software, high-speed packet processing functions which traditionally are dominated by hardware implementations. Virtualized network Funct...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509001804
network function virtualization (NFV) enables to implement networkfunctions in software, high-speed packet processing functions which traditionally are dominated by hardware implementations. Virtualized networkfunctions (NFs) may be deployed on generic-purpose servers, e.g., in datacenters. The latter enables flexibility and scalability which previously were only possible for web services deployed on cloud platforms. The merit of NFV is challenged by control challenges related to the selection of NF implementations, discovery and reservation of sufficient network and server resources, and interconnecting both in a way which fulfills SLAs related to reliability and scalability. This paper details the role of a scalable orchestrator in charge of finding and reserving adequate resources. The latter will steer network and cloud control and management platforms to actually reserve and deploy requested services. We highlight the role of involved interfaces, propose elements of algorithmic components, and will identify major blocks in orchestration time in a proof of concept prototype which accounts for most functional parts in the considered architecture. Based on these evaluations, we propose several architectural enhancements in order to implement a highly scalable network orchestrator for carrier and cloud networks.
networkfunctions virtualization aims to implement networking functions in the cloud - even the ones working on the user plane. This is envisioned by decomposing today's monolithic devices into smaller functions a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467368841
networkfunctions virtualization aims to implement networking functions in the cloud - even the ones working on the user plane. This is envisioned by decomposing today's monolithic devices into smaller functions and re-composing them real-time. This enables flexibility and independent innovation, but may come at a performance price. In this paper we investigate the performance aspects of composing user plane functions. We have developed a prototype for mobile service chaining to experiment with the function call based composition method provided by the Click modular router. The prototype allows flexible management of feature sets, including the support for relocating user chains using context transfer. We provide a thorough performance evaluation, draw conclusions and propose a versatile execution environment, which combines various composition and processing methods in order to achieve high performance packet processing for 5G networks.
New paradigms in networking industry, such as Software Defined networking (SDN) and networkfunctions virtualization (NFV), require the hypervisors to enable the execution of Virtual networkfunctions in virtual machi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467368841
New paradigms in networking industry, such as Software Defined networking (SDN) and networkfunctions virtualization (NFV), require the hypervisors to enable the execution of Virtual networkfunctions in virtual machines (VMs). In this context, the virtual switch function is critical to achieve carrier grade performance, hardware independence, advanced features and programmability. SnabbSwitch is a virtual switch designed to run in user space with carrier grade performance targets, based on an efficient architecture which has driven the development of vhost-user (now also adopted by OVS-DPDK, the user space implementation of OVS based on Intel DPDK), easy to deploy and to program through its Lua scripting layer. This paper presents the SnabbSwitch virtual switch implementation along with its novelties (the vhost-user implementation and the usage of a trace compiler) and code optimizations, which have been merged in the mainline project repository. Extensive benchmarking activities, whose results are included in this paper, have been carried on to compare SnabbSwitch with other virtual switching solutions (i.e., OVS, OVS-DPDK, Linux Bridge, VFIO and SR-IOV). These results show that SnabbSwitch performs as well as hardware based solutions, such as SR-IOV and VFIO, while allowing for additional functional and flexible operation;they show also that SnabbSwitch is faster than the vhost-user based version (user space) of OVS-DPDK.
Managing computational resources and networking elements over today's heterogeneous infrastructure has become very challenging. A need for virtualizing networkfunctions has emerged to reduce infrastructure operat...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783319270722
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319270722
Managing computational resources and networking elements over today's heterogeneous infrastructure has become very challenging. A need for virtualizing networkfunctions has emerged to reduce infrastructure operating costs. In this paper we consider using software-defined infrastructure (SDI) resource management system (RMS) to achieve service chaining of virtualized networkfunctions (VNFs). SDI allows for the integrated control and management of heterogenous resources. In an SDI environment, the end user has access to interfaces that allow programmatic management of the resources. The user can define their own service graph (SG), which determines the path that traffic must take through various VNFs. The ability to dynamically realize the SG is what is referred to by service chaining. Use cases of service chaining include adding a firewall in front of web server and multicasting. Furthermore, we tested the firewall use case in two scenarios to verify validity of our service chaining implementation.
network function virtualization (NFV) is gaining a lot of interest as a flexible and cost-effective solution for replacing hardware-based, vendor-dependent middle-boxes with software-based appliances running in a clou...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467378802
network function virtualization (NFV) is gaining a lot of interest as a flexible and cost-effective solution for replacing hardware-based, vendor-dependent middle-boxes with software-based appliances running in a cloud-like network environment. The NFV paradigm is then fundamental to bring the required programmatic capabilities to 5G transport networks. This paper discusses the practical issues of implementing dynamic chaining of virtual networkfunctions running as virtual machines in the industry-standard OpenStack cloud platform. In particular, the focus is on the complexity of the underlying virtual network infrastructure and the design principles of a suitable SDN controller.
Under the current Internet environment, middlebox management has become a significant challenge for network operators. Schemes in prior works tried to simplify it with Software-Defined networking (SDN) technologies, a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479999644
Under the current Internet environment, middlebox management has become a significant challenge for network operators. Schemes in prior works tried to simplify it with Software-Defined networking (SDN) technologies, and they provided reliable and flexible approaches to configure the middlebox-related flow entries. However, these schemes are inefficient in resource utilization with the dynamically changing traffic requirements, as they mainly focus on stationary hardware middleboxes. Furthermore, latencies of packets lack controls under these schemes. In this paper, inspired by network function virtualization (NFV), we employ software middleboxes, and build a processing delay model to formulate latency behaviours. And based on this model, we present a latency-aware NFV/SDN scheme called Quokka with portable software-based middleboxes that can be dynamically scheduled (placed) according to the changing traffic. Quokka controls the number of middleboxes by efficient and automatic scheduling of both traffic and middlebox positions, and thus reduces the transmission latencies of the network. Comprehensive experiments show: 1) compared with traditional configuration methods, Quokka reduces the transmission delay by about 20% on average;2) Quokka requires 30% to 50% less middleboxes than traditional schemes to achieve the same performance.
The integration of network function virtualization (NFV) and software defined networks (SDN) seeks to create a more flexible and dynamic software-based network environment. The line between entities involved in forwar...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467367622;9781467367615
The integration of network function virtualization (NFV) and software defined networks (SDN) seeks to create a more flexible and dynamic software-based network environment. The line between entities involved in forwarding and those involved in more complex middle box functionality in the network is blurred by the use of high-performance virtualized platforms capable of performing these functions. A key problem is how and where networkfunctions should be placed in the network and how traffic is routed through them. An efficient placement and appropriate routing increases system capacity while also minimizing the delay seen by flows. In this paper, we formulate the problem of networkfunction placement and routing as a mixed integer linear programming problem. This formulation not only determines the placement of services and routing of the flows, but also seeks to minimize the resource utilization. We develop heuristicsto solve the problem incrementally, allowing us to support a large number of flows and to solve the problem for incoming flows without impacting existing flows.
network function virtualization (NFV) enables flexible deployment of middleboxes as Virtual Machines (VMs) running on general hardware. Different types of middleboxes have the potential to either increase or decrease ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479959525
network function virtualization (NFV) enables flexible deployment of middleboxes as Virtual Machines (VMs) running on general hardware. Different types of middleboxes have the potential to either increase or decrease the volume of processed traffic. In this paper, we investigate the traffic changing effects of middleboxes, and study efficient deployment of NFV middleboxes in Software-Defined networks (SDNs). To begin with, we formulate the Traffic-Aware Middlebox Placement (TAMP) problem as a graph optimization problem, and show that it is NP-hard when there are multiple flows to consider. Next, by observing that in reality flows arrive one at a time, we leverage the SDN central control mechanism, and propose an optimal solution for the TAMP problem with a single flow. We develop the solution in two steps. First, when the flow path has been determined, we present the Least-First-Greatest-Last (LFGL) rule to place middleboxes. Second, we integrate the LFGL rule with widest-path routing to propose the LFGL based MinMax routing algorithm. Further, we have implemented the proposed algorithm as a module running on top of the Floodlight SDN controller, and conducted experiments in the Mininet emulation system. The experiment results fully demonstrate the superiority of our algorithm over other benchmark solutions.
network function virtualization (NFV) together with cloud technology enables users to request creating flexible virtual networks (VNs). Users also have specific security requirements to protect their VNs. Especially, ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467368841
network function virtualization (NFV) together with cloud technology enables users to request creating flexible virtual networks (VNs). Users also have specific security requirements to protect their VNs. Especially, due to changeable network perimeters, constant VM migrations, and usercentric security needs, VNs require new security features that traditional firewalls fail to provide, because traditional firewalls rely greatly on restricted network topology and entry points to provide effective security protection. To address this challenge, we propose VNGuard, a framework for effective provision and management of virtual firewalls to safeguard VNs, leveraging features provided by NFV and Software Defined networking (SDN). VNGuard defines a high-level firewall policy language, finds optimal virtual firewall placement, and adapts virtual firewalls to VN changes. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we have implemented core components of VNGuard on top of ClickOS. Our experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of virtual firewalls built on VNGuard.
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