The use of network function virtualization to run network services in software enables Software Defined networks to create a largely software-based network. We envision a dynamic and flexible network that can support ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467368841
The use of network function virtualization to run network services in software enables Software Defined networks to create a largely software-based network. We envision a dynamic and flexible network that can support a smarter data plane than just simple switches that forward packets. This network architecture needs to support complex stateful routing of flows where processing by networkfunctions (NFs) can dynamically modify the path taken by flows, without unduly burdening or depending on the centralized SDN controller. To this end, we specify a protocol across the different components of an SDN-NFV environment to support the creation of NFs required by a service graph specification, using an orchestrator speaking to an NF Manager running on each host. We take advantage of, and extend, the concept of the SDN controller-to-node protocol (OpenFlow being the most popular) and tagging flows to support complex stateful routing. Output generated by NFs processing packets may be returned to the NF Manager to influence dynamic route changes based on a priori rules defined through a service graph specification provided by network administrators. We envisage the SDN controller setting up these rules based on the output from NFs, the flow specification as well as global tags. By not treating tags as an independent component for routing, we show that we can dramatically reduce the number of tags required across the entire network. Further, by providing the right autonomy in decision making at the NF Manager and the individual NFs in our hierarchical control framework, we significantly reduce the load on the SDN controller.
Service Providers are relying on networkfunctions virtualization (NFV), an ETSI industry specification, to achieve on-demand delivery of network services by avoiding long hardware deployment cycles. ETSI NFV supports...
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In recent years, network function virtualization (NFV) has gained a lot of traction from both industry and academia. NFV promotes vendor-independence and rapid evolution through open source software, open standards, a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467368841
In recent years, network function virtualization (NFV) has gained a lot of traction from both industry and academia. NFV promotes vendor-independence and rapid evolution through open source software, open standards, and open APIs. However, adopting these principles for virtual middleboxes or Virtual networkfunctions (VNFs) is not enough. The VNF orchestration systems also need to adopt the same principles, otherwise a network operator may still face vendor lock-in. Moreover, standardization efforts take a long time to converge and are often futile. For this reason, we introduce *** that uses the existing well-known Linux file system interface for VNF orchestration. Different members of a DevOps team can readily utilize this tool without a cumbersome learning process. We have developed a prototype, and provided a set of example use-cases to demonstrate its effectiveness.
The virtualization of Radio Access networks (RANs) has been proposed as one of the important use cases of network function virtualization (NFV). In Virtualized Radio Access networks (VRANs), some functions from a Base...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783901882777
The virtualization of Radio Access networks (RANs) has been proposed as one of the important use cases of network function virtualization (NFV). In Virtualized Radio Access networks (VRANs), some functions from a Base Station (BS), such as those which make up the Base Band Unit (BBU), may be implemented in a shared infrastructure located at either a data center or distributed in network nodes. For the latter option, one challenge is in deciding which subset of the available network nodes can be used to host the physical BBU servers (the placement problem), and then to which of the available physical BBUs each Remote Radio Head (RRH) should be assigned (the assignment problem). These two problems constitute what we refer to as the VRAN Placement and Assignment Problem (VRAN-PAP). In this paper, we start by formally defining the VRAN-PAP before formulating it as a Binary Integer Linear Program (BILP) whose objective is to minimize the server and front haul link setup costs as well as the latency (or distance) between each RRH and its assigned BBU. Since the BILP could become computationally intractable, we also propose a greedy approximation for larger instances of the VRAN-PAP.
network services, such as security, load-balancing, and monitoring, are an indisputable part of modern networking infrastructure and are traditionally realized as specialized appliances or middleboxes. Middleboxes com...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783901882760
network services, such as security, load-balancing, and monitoring, are an indisputable part of modern networking infrastructure and are traditionally realized as specialized appliances or middleboxes. Middleboxes complicate the management, the deployment, and the operations of the entire network. Moreover, they induce network performance issues and scalahility limitations by requiring huge amounts of traffic to be, often sub-optimally redirected, and sometimes redundantly processed. Recent trends of server virtualization and network function virtualization (NFV) exacerbate these scalahility and performance issues. In this paper, we present EnforSDN - a new management approach that exploits SON principles to decouple the policy resolution layer from the policy enforcement layer in network service appliances. Our approach improves the enforcement management, network utilization and communication latency, without compromising the policy and the functionality of the network. Using emulated SDN-based data center environment, we demonstrate higher throughput and lower latency achieved with EnforSDN, as compared to a baseline SDN network. In addition, we show that EnforSDN reduces the overall network appliances load, as well as the forwarding tables size.
virtualization of network elements and the transition from embedded systems requires an extension of the existing paradigm of software lifecycle development and management to what traditionally has been done for each ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467368841
virtualization of network elements and the transition from embedded systems requires an extension of the existing paradigm of software lifecycle development and management to what traditionally has been done for each embedded system. In this paper IBM will cover the end-to-end design of such systems such that they can deliver deterministic, repeatable services in both a hybrid and fully virtualized network.
When rolling out network function virtualization (NFV) services, resource monitoring becomes a critical task subject to different cost-accuracy tradeoffs depending on whether continuous monitoring or more static infra...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509001804
When rolling out network function virtualization (NFV) services, resource monitoring becomes a critical task subject to different cost-accuracy tradeoffs depending on whether continuous monitoring or more static infrastructure resource views are taken. In this context, we propose Virtualized networkfunctions (VNF) Benchmark-as-a-Service (VBaaS) to enable not only run-time resource evaluation but also test-before-deploy opportunities for VNFs and NFV Infrastructures. We describe the motivation behind VBaaS and its main value proposition for a number of use cases around the orchestration tasks of VNF Forwarding Graphs We present the main components of VBaaS along their system interactions and interfaces, discussing the main benefits of adopting VBaaS and open research issues. Addressing the identified challenges and finalizing our proof of concept VBaaS are our main ongoing work activities.
After several years of ignorance in practice, network Coding (NC) is gaining more and more attention in wireless networks. On the other hand, performing complex in-network operations requires extra hardware, which is ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467371315
After several years of ignorance in practice, network Coding (NC) is gaining more and more attention in wireless networks. On the other hand, performing complex in-network operations requires extra hardware, which is still a real barrier of a widespread deployment of network coding in transport networks. However, recent technological trends, such as network function virtualization, enable the deployment of network coding capable middleboxes at network nodes without complicated hardware-update, while Software-defined networking (SDN) makes it possible to steer traffic to these middleboxes. Furthermore, a practical networking scenario was recently identified - namely the single link failure resilient case when user data can be split into two parts - for which simple coding operation at the edge nodes is sufficient to reach all benefits that network coding can provide. Built on these results, we demonstrate in the GEANT OpenFlow Facility that network coding can be easily deployed in transport networks and brings real benefits for video streaming and distributed storage use cases.
The networkfunctions virtualization (NFV) paradigm is the most promising technique to help network providers in the reduction of capital and energy costs. The deployment of virtual networkfunctions (VNFs) running on...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467368841
The networkfunctions virtualization (NFV) paradigm is the most promising technique to help network providers in the reduction of capital and energy costs. The deployment of virtual networkfunctions (VNFs) running on generic x86 hardware allows higher flexibility than the classical middleboxes approach. NFV also reduces the complexity in the deployment of network services through the concept of service chaining, which defines how multiple VNFs can be chained together to provide a specific service. As a drawback, hosting multiple VNFs in the same hardware can lead to scalability issues, especially in the processing-resource sharing. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of two different types of costs that must be taken into account when multiple chained VNFs share the same processing resources: the upscaling costs and the context switching costs. Upscaling costs are incurred by VNFs multicore implementations, since they suffer a penalty due to the needs of load balancing among cores. Context switching costs arise when multiple VNFs share the same CPU and thus require the loading/saving of their context. We model through an ILP problem the evaluation of such costs and we show their impact in a VNFs consolidation scenario, when the x86 hardware deployed in the network is minimized.
network function virtualization (NFV) and Service Chaining (SC) are novel service deployment approaches in the contemporary cloud environments for increased flexibility and cost efficiency to the Application Service P...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479982189
network function virtualization (NFV) and Service Chaining (SC) are novel service deployment approaches in the contemporary cloud environments for increased flexibility and cost efficiency to the Application Service Providers and network Providers. However, NFV and SC are still new and evolving topics. Optimized placement of these virtual functions is necessary for acceptable latency to the end-users. In this work we consider the problem of optimal Virtual function (VF) placement in a multi-cloud environment to satisfy the client demands so that the total response time is minimized. In addition we consider the problem of dynamic service deployment for OpenADN, a novel multi-cloud application delivery platform.
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