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10th International Conference on network Softwarization (NetSoft)

作者： Liu, Qiong Zhang, Tianzhu Cerroni, Walter Linguaglossa, Leonardo Inst Polytech Paris Telecom Paris LTCI F-91120 Palaiseau France Nokia Bell Labs F-91300 Massy France Univ Bologna Bologna Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369588;9798350369595

The last decade has witnessed the rise of network function virtualization (NFV). Despite its benefits, resource allocation and traffic scheduling are still challenging. A practical issue is where to place Virtual network functions (VNFs) in the network to sustain long-term optimal objectives and when to reallocate resources given the dynamics of the substrate network. Most prior works either consider static settings or work in reactive fashions. This paper proposes a dual-window algorithm for proactive service redeployment and traffic routing. Specifically, our algorithm employs an entropy measure to gauge the uncertainty in the substrate network and cognitively updates the service redeployment interval to avoid unnecessary data collection overhead. Our algorithm is lightweight, intuitive, requires no offline training, and achieves the best overall effectiveness and efficiency compared with three state-of-the-art solutions.

关键词： network function virtualization Entropy VNF placement Service Deployment

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Security Monitoring and Management for the network Services in the Orchestration of SDN-NFV Environment Using Machine Learning Techniques

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2024年第2期48卷 363-394页

作者： Nasser Alshammari Shumaila Shahzadi Saad Awadh Alanazi Shahid Naseem Muhammad Anwar Madallah Alruwaili Muhammad Rizwan Abid Omar Alruwaili Ahmed Alsayat Fahad Ahmad Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversitySakakaAl Jouf72341Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences Kinnaird College forWomenLahorePunjab54700Pakistan Department of Information Sciences Division of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54770Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering and Networks College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversitySakaka72341Saudi Arabia Computer Science Florida Polytechnic UniversityLakelandFlorida33805USA Delta3T LahorePunjab54700Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences Common First YearJouf UniversitySakaka72341Saudi Arabia

Software Defined network(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV)technology promote several benefits to network operators,including reduced maintenance costs,increased network operational performance,simplified network lifecycle,and policies *** vulnerabilities try to modify services provided by network function virtualization MANagement and Orchestration(NFV MANO),and malicious attacks in different scenarios disrupt the NFV Orchestrator(NFVO)and Virtualized Infrastructure Manager(VIM)lifecycle management related to network services or individual Virtualized network function(VNF).This paper proposes an anomaly detection mechanism that monitors threats in NFV MANO and manages promptly and adaptively to implement and handle security functions in order to enhance the quality of experience for end *** anomaly detector investigates these identified risks and provides secure network *** enables virtual network security functions and identifies anomalies in Kubernetes(a cloud-based platform).For training and testing purpose of the proposed approach,an intrusion-containing dataset is used that hold multiple malicious activities like a Smurf,Neptune,Teardrop,Pod,Land,IPsweep,etc.,categorized as Probing(Prob),Denial of Service(DoS),User to Root(U2R),and Remote to User(R2L)*** anomaly detector is anticipated with the capabilities of a Machine Learning(ML)technique,making use of supervised learning techniques like Logistic Regression(LR),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Random Forest(RF),Naïve Bayes(NB),and Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost).The proposed framework has been evaluated by deploying the identified ML algorithm on a Jupyter notebook in Kubeflow to simulate Kubernetes for validation *** classifier has shown better outcomes(99.90%accuracy)than other classifiers in detecting anomalies/intrusions in the containerized environment.

关键词： Software defined network network function virtualization network function virtualization management and orchestration virtual infrastructure manager virtual network function Kubernetes Kubectl artificial intelligence machine learning

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Demystifying AMD SEV Performance Penalty for NFV Deployment 24

Demystifying AMD SEV Performance Penalty for NFV Deployment

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13th International Conference on networks, Communication and Computing, ICNCC 2024

作者： Atiiq, Syafiq Al Risdianto, Aris Cahyadi Lund University Lund Sweden Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798400717352

network function virtualization (NFV) has shifted communication networks towards more adaptable software solutions, but this transition raises new security concerns, particularly in public cloud deployments. While Intel's Software Guard Extensions (SGX) offers a potential remedy, it requires complex application adaptations. This paper investigates AMD's Secure Encrypted virtualization (SEV) as an alternative approach for securing NFV. SEV encrypts virtual machine (VM) memory, protecting it from threats, including those at the hypervisor level, without requiring application modifications. We explore the practicality and performance implications of executing native network function (NF) implementations in AMD SEV-SNP, the latest iteration of SEV at the time of writing this paper. Our study focuses on running an unmodified Snort NF within SEV. Results show an average performance penalty of approximately 20% across various traffic and packet configurations, showing a trade-off between security and performance that may or may not be acceptable for different NFV deployments. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： network function virtualization

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Effective Edge-Cloud Interplay for NFV-Based Optical Metro-Access networks Supporting IoT Services

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China Communications 2025年第4期22卷 117-128页

作者： Jin Feiming Zhang Yukun Li Hanxue Amr Tolba Zhang Tiantian Science and Technology Department Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China School of Communications and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China Department of Computer Science Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11437Saudi Arabia

In optical metro-access networks,Access Points(APs)and Data Centers(DCs)are located on the fiber *** the cloud-centric solution,a large number of Internet of Things(IoT)data pose an enormous burden on DCs,so the Virtual Machines(VMs)cannot be successfully launched due to the server *** addition,transferring the data from the AP to the remote DC may cause an undesirable delivery *** this end,we propose a promising solution considering the interplay between the cloud DC and edge *** specifically,bringing the partial capability of computing in APs close to things can reduce the pressure of DCs while guaranteeing the expected Quality of Service(QoS).In this work,when the cloud DC resource becomes limited,especially for delay sensitive but not computing-dependent IoT applications,we degrade their VMs and migrate them to edge APs instead of the remote *** avoid excessive VM degradation and computing offloading,we derive appropriate VM degradation coefficients based on classic microeconomic *** results demonstrate that our algorithms improve the service providers'utility with the ratio from 34%to 89%over traditional cloud-centric solutions.

关键词： computing offloading edge-cloud interplay network function virtualization optical metroaccess network service degradability

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Simplifying network Orchestration using Conversational AI 38

Simplifying Network Orchestration using Conversational AI

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38th International Conference on Information networking (ICOIN)

作者： Panchal, Deven Verma, Prafulla Baran, Isilay Musgrove, Dan Lu, David AT&T Middletown NJ 07748 USA AT&T Dallas TX USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330946;9798350330953

ONAP is a comprehensive platform for orchestration, management and automation of network and edge computing services for 5G, 6G and Next Generation networks. Unlike traditional OSSs, it is an open-source project where companies all over the world are collaborating to build different functionalities of an end-to-end network operating system. For this reason, the ONAP platform has several different sub projects and APIs each performing a specific function to achieve network Management. There is some complexity associated with using these APIs and knowing and understanding the many parameters associated with them, which impedes adoption. This not only prevents an end-to-end cloud service orchestration like experience for network services, but also increases the time and money spent on network orchestration. This paper proposes and discusses the design of a conversational AI solution that can interface with some significant APIs in ONAP to solve these problems. The conversational AI solution has the potential to significantly simplify network orchestration tasks. This work is being further extended to using Large Language Models (LLMs) to achieve simplified Intent-Based management and orchestration paradigms within ONAP.

关键词： Open network Automation Platform (ONAP) Operations support systems (OSS) Machine Learning Natural Language Processing network Orchestration Intent-Based networking Intent Driven networking Software Defined networking network function virtualization Open Source Large Language Models (LLMs) Next Generation networks 5G 6G

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A Genetic Algorithm for Placing VNF Chains with Multiple Flavours 29

A Genetic Algorithm for Placing VNF Chains with Multiple Fla...

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29th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (IEEE ISCC)

作者： Serra, Antonio Paganelli, Federica Brogi, Antonio Cappanera, Paola Univ Pisa Dept Comp Sci Pisa Italy Univ Florence Dept Comp Engn Florence Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354249;9798350354232

The network function Virtualisation (NFV) paradigm has revolutionised the way networks are designed, deployed, operated and managed by leveraging the flexibility, scalability and cost efficiencies of the cloud. The emergence of the Cloud-Edge Continuum allows network services, or parts of them, to be delivered close to the end user, especially when latency and throughput requirements are stringent. However, this perspective also poses several resource orchestration challenges, such as the need to cope with rapid changes in the infrastructure status, network and computing resource shortage, and diverse service requirements. In a previous paper, we demonstrated through simulations that a more flexible matching of network service requests with available resources can be enabled by the concept of multi-flavoured network services, i.e. services whose specifications include a full-fledged version and possibly alternative, less demanding versions (with less stringent resource requirements and/or fewer offered features). Since the VNF chain placement problem is known to be NP-hard, we propose a genetic algorithm-based metaheuristic to efficiently solve this variant of the VNF chain placement problem. Simulation results suggest that our genetic algorithm can achieve a profit improvement over a greedy solution of up to 8% in a 28-node topology and up to 6.6% in a 50-node topology.

关键词： network function virtualization

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Delay-aware Service function Chain Provisioning with VNF Instance Sharing

Delay-aware Service Function Chain Provisioning with VNF Ins...

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IEEE/IFIP network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)

作者： Snigdha Chintapalli, Venkatarami Reddy Franklin, Antony A. Indian Inst Technol Hyderabad Hyderabad Telangana India Natl Inst Technol Calicut Calicut Kerala India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350327939;9798350327946

network functions virtualization (NFV) offers enhanced programmability and cost-efficiency by replacing hardware middleboxes with versatile Virtual network functions (VNFs) on commodity servers. Key challenges in NFV orchestration involve economically placing VNFs and chaining them to meet the requirements of the Service function Chains (SFCs). Additionally, depending on the VNF functionality, some VNFs may be shared or may not be shared among SFCs. Many existing studies have overlooked the potential benefits of placing shareable VNFs on high centrality nodes, which can boost re-usability and increase SFC acceptance ratios. Vertical scaling of VNF resources, rather than over-allocating for shareable VNF instances, can address resource under-utilization for future SFC admissions. This paper introduces a mechanism for SFC placement, considering both VNF reuse and vertical scalability when deploying SFC requests in the network. The proposed mechanism demonstrates significant improvements in SFC acceptance ratios compared to two baseline schemes, SPH-BC and SPH-VS, as well as a state-of-the-art scheme, SMA-VAA.

关键词： network function virtualization

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Adaptive Out-of-band Radio Preamble Contention for Optimizing Virtual Resource in B5G/5G NR

Adaptive Out-of-band Radio Preamble Contention for Optimizin...

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2024 International Conference on Communications Control and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids

作者： Chang, Bcn-Jye Lin, Yu -Ting Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Touliu Yunlin Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350318562;9798350318555

For differentiating and customizing different classes of traffic and virtualizing physical resources of networks and machines, B5G/5G specifies several mechanisms, including VNF, SDN, Service function Chaining, etc. In B5G/5G, the out-of-band contention based random access using PHY subframe preambles is specified before data transmissions. However, B5G/5G requires dynamically efficient approaches for realizing real 5G, including randomly contending limited sharing channel preambles, dynamically determining flow slicing of SFC, dynamically determining PM/VNFi/VNFc resources, while minimizing carrying cost and energy consumption via multi-link/multi-path B5G network. This paper thus proposes the efficient Adaptive Slice Flowing Prediction in Contention Random Access for Optimizing Virtual/Physical Resource in B5G (APROR) consisting of two phases: Dynamic Flow Random Contention of B5G (dFRC) and Adaptive Real-time Predictive Flow Data Rate of diverse types of slicing (aRPF). Numerical results show APROR outperforms all approaches in performance metrics: access delay, E2E delay, loss, throughput, etc. Consequently, several contributions are definitely achieved: 1) to dynamically determine the preamble configuration modes and dynamic flow backoff, 2) to adaptively differentiate collision domains for different types of flows and minimize collision probability.

关键词： B5G/5G network network function virtualization network slicing preamble configuration random access Software-Defined networking Traffic steering

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A hybrid NFV/In-network Computing MANO Architecture for provisioning Holographic Applications in the Metaverse 25

A hybrid NFV/In-Network Computing MANO Architecture for prov...

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25th IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia networks (IEEE WoWMoM)

作者： Javid, Farzaneh Ghasemi Dieye, Mouhamad Estrada-Solano, Felipe Glitho, Roch H. Elbiaze, Halima Ajib, Wessam Concordia Univ Montreal PQ Canada Univ Quebec Montreal PQ Canada Fdn Univ Popayan Popayan Colombia Univ Western Cape Bellville South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394665;9798350394672

Innovative holographic applications such as holographic concerts have recently emerged. They are expected to play an important role in the Metaverse. Hybrid network function virtualization (NFV) / IN-network Computing (INC) network infrastructures are needed to provision them as recently shown in the literature. INC is an emerging technology that aims to distribute the computational workload across the network by placing computational tasks on programmable devices (e.g., routers or switches). However, the integration of INC in existing infrastructures does face significant management and orchestration challenges. Although the ETSI Management and Orchestration (MANO) architectural framework designed for 5G facilitates application provisioning in networks that are NFV enabled, it lacks support for networks that are INC enabled. Therefore it is necessary to have a new MANO architecture in order to provision applications which have both NFV and INC components. This paper proposes a hybrid NFV-INC MANO architecture for provisioning holographic applications in hybrid NFV/INC environment. The proposed architecture is an extension of the ETSI NFV MANO. It will certainlyplay an important role in 6G since many applications foreseen for 6G will have the same stringent requirements as holographic applications. It is evaluated through a proof of concept prototype. The following tools were used for the prototype: Open Source MANO (OSM) and Mininet emulator.

关键词： Holographic Applications Metaverse 6G In-network Computing Software-Defined networking network function virtualization Management

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Low latency and resilient industrial network with next generation SDN and PLC virtualization

Low latency and resilient industrial network with next gener...

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2024 Military Communications Conference

作者： Sarker, Taposh Kumer Tosh, Deepak K. Univ Texas El Paso Dept Comp Sci El Paso TX 79968 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374247;9798350374230

The critical infrastructure and industrial control systems (ICS) typically function in isolation and make use of specialized hardware, software, protocols that are often sourced from heterogeneous vendors. Rise of Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) means that these isolated old networks are gradually being connected with Internet and other telecommunication networks. This leads to various problems and challenges, such as incompatibility with outside networks, cyber security challenges, limited automation, lack of features or mechanisms demanded by modern devices and sensors. On the other hand an ICS has strict operational requirements from the network, such as reliability, temporal consistency, ruggedness etc. Emerging technology like network function virtualization (NFV), and software defined network (SDN) have excellent opportunity to achieve network resiliency in ICS, however their application has been under-explored. Therefore, we present a novel architecture for industrial control networks (ICN) that take advantage of NFV and SDN to build robust, cost effective, secure, and scalable ICNs. We leverage the novel P4 paradigm to virtualize the network infrastructure and evaluate its effectiveness.

关键词： Software-defined network network function virtualization Programmable Data Plane P4 Industrial Control network

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