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Heuristic Service Chain Construction Algorithm Based on VNF Performances for Optimal Data Transmission Services

IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2021年第7期E104B卷 817-828页

作者： Sumi, Yasuhito Tachibana, Takuji Univ Fukui Fukui 9108507 Japan

In network function virtualization (NFV) environments, service chaining is an emerging technology that enables network operators to provide network service dynamically and flexibly by using virtual network function (VNF). In the service chaining, a service chain is expected to be constructed based on VNF performances such as dependences among VNFs and traffic changing effects in VNFs. For achieving optimal data transmission services in NFV environments, we focus on the optimal service chain construction based on VNF performances so that both the maximum amount of traffic on links and the total number of VNF instances are decreased. In this paper, at first, an optimization problem is formulated for determining placements of VNFs and a route for each service chain. The service chains can be constructed by solving this optimization problem with an optimization software or meta-heuristic algorithm. Then, for the optimization problem, we propose a heuristic service chain construction algorithm. By using our proposed algorithm, the service chains can be constructed appropriately more quickly. We evaluate the performance of the proposed heuristic algorithm with simulation, and we investigate the effectiveness of the heuristic algorithm from the performance comparison. From some numerical examples, we show that the proposed heuristic algorithm is effective to decrease the amount of traffic and the number of VNF instances. Moreover, it is shown that our proposed heuristic algorithm can construct service chains quickly.

关键词： service chaining virtual network function network function virtualization optimization problem heuristic algorithm

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Unavailability-Aware Shared Virtual Backup Allocation for Middleboxes: A Queueing Approach

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON network AND SERVICE MANAGEMENT 2021年第2期18卷 2388-2404页

作者： He, Fujun Oki, Eiji Kyoto Univ Grad Sch Informat Kyoto 6068501 Japan

network function virtualization provides an efficient and flexible way to implement network functions deployed in middleboxes as software running on commodity servers. However, it brings challenges for network management, one of which is how to manage the unavailability of middleboxes. This article proposes an unavailability-aware backup allocation model with the shared protection to minimize the maximum unavailability among functions. The shared protection allows multiple functions to share the backup resources, which leads to a complicated recovery mechanism and makes unavailability estimation difficult. We develop an analytical approach based on the queueing theory to compute the middlebox unavailability for a given backup allocation. The heterogeneous failure, repair, recovery, and waiting procedures of functions and backup servers, which lead to several different states for each function and for the whole system, are considered in the queueing approach. We analyze the performance bounds for a given solution and for the optimal objective value. Based on the developed analytical approach and the performance bounds, we introduce two heuristics to solve the backup allocation problem. The results reveal that, compared to a baseline model, the proposed unavailability-aware model reduces the maximum unavailability 16% in average in our examined scenarios.

关键词： Middleboxes Servers Resource management Queueing analysis Maintenance engineering Computational modeling Software network function virtualization queueing theory backup allocation unavailability

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Robust Service Provisioning With Service function Chain Requirements in Mobile Edge Computing

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON network AND SERVICE MANAGEMENT 2021年第2期18卷 2138-2153页

作者： Li, Jing Liang, Weifa Ma, Yu Australian Natl Univ Res Sch Comp Sci Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

With the advent of network function virtualization (NFV) technology, more and more mobile users make use of virtual network services in Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) networks. Each service request not only requests for a service but also a Service function Chain (SFC) associated with the request. How to effectively allocate resources in MEC to meet the resource demands of user service requests to maximize the expected profit of the network service provider poses a great challenge. Most existing studies considered resource allocation and scheduling in MEC for user request admissions, under the assumption that the amounts of different resources demanded by each request are given a prior and do not change during the execution of the request. In practice, the resource demands during the implementation of a request are dynamically evolving. This uncertainty of resource demands at different execution stages of the request does impact the service quality and the profit of network service providers. Thus, providing robust services to users against their resource demand uncertainties is a critical issue. In this paper, we study the robust service function chain placement (RSFCP) problem under the uncertainty assumption of both computing resource and data rates demanded by request executions, through the placement of SFCs. We first formulate the RSFCP problem as a Quadratic Integer Programming (QIP) and show that the problem is NP-hard. We then develop a near-optimal approximation algorithm for it, by adopting the Markov approximation technique. We also analyze the proposed approximation algorithm with the optimality gap, and the bounds on the convergence time and perturbation caused by resource demand uncertainties. We finally evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm through analytical and empirical analyses. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is promising, compared with existing baseline algorithms.

关键词： Approximation algorithms Heuristic algorithms Uncertainty Cloud computing Resource management Task analysis network function virtualization Mobile edge computing networks network function virtualization (NFV) uncertain resource demands and measurement service function chain placement Markov approximation technique resource allocation and optimization QoS-aware request admissions performance analysis

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HASP: High Availability SFC Placement Approach in Data Center network 23

HASP: High Availability SFC Placement Approach in Data Cente...

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23rd IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, 7th IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Systems, 19th IEEE International Conference on Smart City and 7th IEEE International Conference on Dependability in Sensor, Cloud and Big Data Systems and Applications, HPCC-DSS-SmartCity-DependSys 2021

作者： Xu, Ziqi Han, Qingmian Cheng, Bo Niu, Meng Chen, Junliang Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology China The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665494571

network function virtualization (NFV) is a promising technology that decouples network functions from the hardware. Virtual network functions (VNFs) can form service function chains (SFCs) and be orchestrated like internet applications. However, there are higher availability requirements for SFCs because the network's failure causes more severe consequences. This paper proposes the High Availability SFC Placement Approach (HASP) for SFC placement in Data Center. HASP includes a cross-backup (CB) model to improve the availability of SFCs. The software runs on the physical machine (PM), and once the PM fails, the software assigned to it will also fail. The CB model adopts offsite redundant VNF instances to avoid PM failure and guarantee SFC availability. HASP also considers the impact of data link reliability on SFC availability. In addition, a heuristic limited area search optimization (LASO) algorithm is incorporated to place the VNFs of SFCs. The evaluation results show that the LASO algorithm is 300% faster than the traditional heuristic algorithm. Combining the CB model and the LASO algorithm, HASP can improve the availability of SFCs and obtain the optimal placement scheme. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Data centers Smart cities Service function chaining Heuristic algorithms Software algorithms Software network function virtualization

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Next Generation Mobile Core Resource Orchestration: Comprehensive Survey, Challenges and Perspectives

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WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 2021年第2期120卷 1341-1415页

作者： Al-Surmi, Ibrahim Raddwan, Basheer Al-Baltah, Ibrahim Amran Univ Dept Informat Syst Amran Yemen Yemen Mobile Co Sanaa Yemen Sanaa Univ Dept Informat Technol Sanaa Yemen

Re-architecting mobile network functions and central office is one of the hottest topics of software defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV). It is known as Next generation mobile network (NGMN). The main benefit of re-architecting is to bring cloud advantages to mobile operator networks. On the other hand, while the openness is one of the most wanted characteristics of NGMN, many open source implementations have been introduced to accelerate realizing the NGMN such as resource allocation management and orchestration which is considered as one of the hardest problems in SDN, NFV, and network virtualization. To that end, this article has comprehensively reviewed the mobile core architecture, resource management and orchestration evolutions in order to investigate the relay of the mobile operators on open source components, especially in developing countries, in order to build their future NGMN infrastructure for 4G/5G (fourth/fifth generations) access networks. Furthermore, the article shows a large number of open source infrastructure' components that the operator needs to integrate them together, which is a challenging task. Moreover, the article addresses the integration framework challenges for resource management and orchestration based on continuous integration continuous development (DevOps) model. The outcomes of this work encourage mobile operators to involve and contribute to open source integration efforts as well as build and test their NGMN integration scenarios.

关键词： network function virtualization Software defined networking Service function chaining Management and orchestration Resource allocation Next generation mobile network

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Latency-aware Load Balancing Virtual network Embedding Algorithm 7

Latency-aware Load Balancing Virtual Network Embedding Algor...

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7th International Conference on Computer and Information Processing Technology, ISCIPT 2022

作者： Zong, Yue Li, Dedi Lai, Xinjie Luo, Yuanlin Xu, Han Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited Hangzhou311122 China Country College of Information Science & Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Country School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjing University Tianjing300072 China College of Economics and Management North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China

To overcome network ossification, network slicing has been proposed as a promising method in 5G network. Software defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) as emerging enabled technology support multiple logical networks sharing physical infrastructure. Virtual network embedding (VNE) is one of the main challenges for network slicing. To avoid link congestion and satisfy the latency requirement of virtual network requests, latency model of network and load balancing link weight formulation are proposed. Then we design a load balancing link reconfiguration embedding algorithm and latency-aware load balancing VNE algorithm. Compared with the baseline algorithms, simulation results show that our proposed algorithm has better performance. © 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： network function virtualization

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Hybrid Service function Chains Dynamic Deployment in Multi-Domain Edge Cloud networks 24

Hybrid Service Function Chains Dynamic Deployment in Multi-D...

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24th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, 8th IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Systems, 20th IEEE International Conference on Smart City and 8th IEEE International Conference on Dependability in Sensor, Cloud and Big Data Systems and Application, HPCC/DSS/SmartCity/DependSys 2022

作者： Zhang, Shiyan Wang, Beijia Huang, Qingxiao Wu, Yinhai Xu, Ruohan Wang, Kun Zhang, Xinyu Tsinghua University The State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China Communication University of China China Daimler Greater China Ltd R&d China China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350319934

As the network function virtualization (NFV) tech-nology is introduced, there is an expanding number of Internet-of-Things (IoT) mobile customers leveraging virtual network services in edge cloud networks. NFVs can be connected in a certain order to create a service function chain (SFC), also known as a SF chain. Owing to the large amount of service requests from IoT devices attempting to access their communication networks from anywhere at any time, the requirement for dynamic and adaptive deployment of SFCs to accommodate dynamic changes in service requests is a major challenge today. In this paper, the dynamic deployment of hybrid SFCs in multi-domain edge cloud networks is addressed with the optimisation objective of minimising the total cost. First, we propose an orchestration approach for hybrid SFCs based on splitting and aggregating policies. Therefore, aiming to balance GCN performance and complexity, we introduce an efficient hybrid SFC dynamic de-ployment algorithm, GCN-P-DRL. With extensive experimental evaluation, Our proposed algorithm attains the best performance in most metrics, with a 15.91% improvement in acceptance ratio and a 14.96% reduction in average delay when comparing to the available most advanced solutions. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： network function virtualization

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Rethinking Deep Packet Inspection Design and Deployment in the era of SDN and NFV 23

Rethinking Deep Packet Inspection Design and Deployment in t...

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作者： Mustapha, Hanan Djahel, Soufiene Perry, Philip Zhang, Zonghua Manchester Metropolitan University Glasgow United Kingdom Ulster University Glasgow United Kingdom Huawei France Research Center Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)9781665494571

With the advent of Software-Defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV), the design and deployment of DPI (Deep Packet Inspection) must be reconsidered. The programmability, global visibility and centralized control of SDN, as well as the NFV enabled lightweight service creation and migration, have potential to empower the capability of DPI tools. On the other hand, dynamic environments make the deployment of DPI challenging. Although it has been validated that some security functions like firewall, and Intrusion Detection System (IDS) can be implemented in SDN controllers or NFV, it remains unclear whether or not DPI can be done in the similar way considering its sophisticated interactions with the network traffic packets, especially for the stateful protocols and encrypted traffic. In other words, the design and deployment of DPI in an SDN and NFV architecture would not be as straightforward. Therefore, this paper aims to shed the light on the challenges facing DPI design and deployment in the context of SDN and NFV and propose a solution to overcome them. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Protocols Firewalls (computing) Intrusion detection Telecommunication traffic Inspection network function virtualization Cryptography

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A novel reliable low-latency service function chaining to enable URLLC in NFV 9

A novel reliable low-latency service function chaining to en...

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9th International Conference on Communications and networking, ComNet 2022

作者： Erbati, Mohammad Mohammadi Schiele, Gregor Fixed Line Device Engineering Deutsche Telekom Technik GmbH Darmstadt Germany University of Duisburg-Essen Embedded Systems Group Duisburg Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781665490023

ISBN: (纸本)9781665490023

By rising usage of Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Applications (URLLA) in 5G/6G networks and the Internet of Things, such as autonomous vehicles and industrial automation, reliability and latency become even more crucial in a network function virtualization environment. Improving both reliability and latency at the same time is very challenging, since increasing reliability may result in a rise in latency and limited physical network resources make it even more challenging. In this paper, we provide a novel and efficient Service function Chain (SFC) embedding algorithm that aims to enhance reliability and latency of URLLA simultaneously. We use flow prioritization and propose an adjustable priority coefficient factor ($\delta$) to reserve a certain amount of physical network resources (CPU, memory, bandwidth) exclusively for embedding high priority traffic flows. We formulate the SFC embedding problem as an integer linear programming optimization model to achieve the optimal results. We offer a heuristic algorithm for minimizing execution time and obtaining results close to optimal for large network topologies. The findings show that our proposed algorithms outperform the existing approaches in terms of end-To-end delay, reliability, bandwidth consumption, and acceptance rate. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： network function virtualization

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Efficient and secure service function chain deployment method for delay optimization in air traffic information network

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2024年第1期14卷 1-18页

作者： Yang, Yong Wang, Buhong Guo, Rongxiao Tian, Jiwei Luo, Peng Li, Dong Li, Xiaolu Air Force Engn Univ Informat & Nav Sch Xian 710077 Peoples R China Air Force Engn Univ Air Traff Control & Nav Sch Xian 710043 Peoples R China

The air traffic information network is fundamental for ensuring the efficient and safe operation of flights. However, with the increasing demands of air traffic services, the rigidity of the traditional air traffic information network has become increasingly pronounced. network function virtualization (NFV) technology presents an effective solution to address this issue. Within the NFV environment, the deployment of service function chains (SFC) forms the basis for achieving end-to-end air traffic services. This paper addresses the low delay and high security requirements inherent in air traffic services and proposes an efficient and secure SFC deployment for delay optimization (ESSFCD-DO) method. Primarily, the paper conducts a theoretical analysis of SFC deployment, and derives four key principles related to SFC delay, security, and resource cost. Subsequently, based on these principles, the ESSFCD-DO method is developed, which encompasses the virtual network function (VNF) aggregation algorithm for security and resources cost optimization (VNFAA-SRCO), the VNF deployment algorithm based on topology aware (VNFD-TA), and the algorithm for deploying virtual links based on k-shortest path. Experimental results demonstrate that, in comparison to other SFC deployment methods within this domain, ESSFCD-DO achieves significant optimizations in terms of end-to-end delay of SFC and long-term revenue-cost ratio, while ensuring security and service request acceptance rate.

关键词： Air traffic information network network function virtualization Service function chain deployment Virtual network function Security

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