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International Conference on Future Internet of Things and Cloud (FiCloud)

作者： Jose A. Carrilho Edmundo R. M. Madeira Brazilian Chamber of Deputies Brazil Institute of Computing - University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798331527198

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527204

Communication networks have undergone significant transformations by offering new services, traffic growth and increased demand for service quality, such as delay reduction, reliability, security and availability. Edge computing seeks to bring data storage and service processing closer to users, reducing delays and increasing the availability and reliability of the offered services. New technologies such as network virtualization through the use of Software-Defined network (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) offer greater ease of management and agility for adapting networks and offering new services and resources, while network slicing, which allows resource reservation, isolation among services and better reliability, seeking to meet the demands of new applications and guarantee the required Quality of Service (QoS). However, it is still challenging to meet peak demand in places with many users, such as sporting and cultural events and some public buildings. This work proposes using Multicast network Slices (MNSs) to meet the demands of multimedia transmissions and other services that require resource reservation in edge networks in locations with a large concentration of users. In this paper, we describe the formalization of the multicast distribution tree discovery problem using Integer Linear Programming (ILP) and an algorithm for deploying MNSs with resource reservation in an edge network. The proposed algorithm was tested using as input one of the edge networks of the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies, and a set of broadcast, multicast and unicast network slice requests, and the results showed an average bandwidth savings of over 80% on core links and over 73% on distribution links in every test.

关键词： Multicast algorithms Unicast Buildings Bandwidth Quality of service Delays network function virtualization Reliability Security virtualization

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Implementation of SLB for Public Cloud

Implementation of SLB for Public Cloud

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International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)

作者： Zhangfeng Hu Siqing Sun Yao Chen Mufei Zhang Yanjun Li Qiuzheng Ren Liang Sun Xiong Li Inspur Cloud Inspur Group Beijing China Inspur Cloud Inspur Group Jinan China Beihang University Beijing China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

ISBN: (数字)9798350363760

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363777

The large-scale migration and deployment of services to public clouds pose new challenges to the reliability and elastic scalability of public clouds. Server Load Balancing (SLB), as a traffic distribution technology, can route network service requests to different backend servers based on predefined rules, thereby achieving high availability and elastic scaling of network services. Traditional network load balancing technologies typically include Layer 3, Layer 4, and Layer 7 load balancing techniques, deployed in physical networks using hardware load balancers or IP layer load balancing functions in routers and switches. However, due to the virtualization characteristics and tenant isolation requirements of public clouds, traditional load balancing techniques cannot be directly applied to public clouds. This paper addresses the high availability and elastic scaling issues for tenants' services in a distributed routing architecture in public clouds and introduces network function virtualization (NFV) technology. It proposes an SLB implementation technique that combines Layer 3 and Layer 4 to provide robust support for large-scale service deployments in public clouds. Performance analysis and experimental results indicate that the SLB implementation proposed in this paper offers excellent latency performance and horizontal scalability, meeting the needs of large-scale public cloud services.

关键词： Cloud computing Scalability Bandwidth Load management Routing Virtual machines network function virtualization Servers Reliability Resilience

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Fastlane: A framework for building fast path network applications

Fastlane: A framework for building fast path network applica...

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IEEE Conference on network function virtualization and Software Defined networks (NFV-SDN)

作者： Debojeet Das Lakshya Mythili Vutukuru Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

ISBN: (数字)9798350380538

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380545

To leverage the full potential of high-speed network interface cards (NICs), it is essential for network applications to use high-performance packet I/O frameworks. However, porting applications to use these specialized frameworks is a tedious task. While prior work has proposed frameworks to ease the development of network functions over fast packet I/O mechanisms, there has not been much work done to ease the porting of applications that are built to run on the kernel network stack. This paper presents Fastlane, a framework to easily port the "fast path" of traditional network applications to use fast packet I/O mechanisms while retaining the "slow path" to run on the traditional network stack. Fastlane provides APIs by which application developers can configure, use, and switch between different fast packet I/O mechanisms like DPDK and CNDP in the application’s fast path. Additionally, Fastlane provides APIs for the fast path to communicate with the slow path running on the kernel network stack. Fastlane also allows applications to be deployed in an unprivileged Kubernetes pod, easing application development for cloud deployments. We evaluate the effectiveness of Fastlane by porting a production-grade 5G user plane function to use our framework. Our evaluation shows that Fastlane enables developers to build high-performance network applications easily and imposes minimal performance overheads.

关键词： Cloud computing High-speed networks 5G mobile communication Buildings Switches network function virtualization Kernel Software defined networking

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P4NetIntel: End-to-End network Telemetry with eBPF and XDP

P4NetIntel: End-to-End Network Telemetry with eBPF and XDP

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IEEE Conference on network function virtualization and Software Defined networks (NFV-SDN)

作者： Cleiton Puttlitz Ricardo Parizotto Alberto Schaeffer-Filho Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350380538

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380545

Observability is essential for providing insights about the network state. These insights are helpful for multiple tasks, such as providing better load balancing, congestion control, and troubleshooting. However, existing observability solutions are often confined to two distinct silos: either within the network infrastructure or on the end-hosts. To bridge this gap, in this paper, we present P4NetIntel, a system to track the entire life-cycle of a flow using end-to-end telemetry. The system extends INT techniques with host telemetry using eBPF, which can monitor application requests without changing the application code. P4NetIntel switches employ techniques to reduce the telemetry overhead, such as discretizing monitoring values and sampling. In addition, eBPF-XDP and TC hooks are used on hosts to intercept and monitor incoming packets transparently to applications. We implemented a prototype of P4NetIntel on the behavior model for P4 programs and in a hardware testbed with Nvidia-Mellanox’s Bluefield-2 SmartNICs. Our results show that our solution can perform end-to-end monitoring with negligible impact on the request/response time.

关键词： Bridges Codes Prototypes Load management Hardware network function virtualization Telemetry Observability Software defined networking Monitoring

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Demystifying AMD SEV Performance Penalty for NFV Deployment

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Al Atiiq, Syafiq Risdianto, Aris Cahyadi Dept. of Electrical and Information Technology Lund University Sweden Singapore

network function virtualization (NFV) has shifted communication networks towards more adaptable software solutions, but this transition raises new security concerns, particularly in public cloud deployments. While Intel’s Software Guard Extensions (SGX) offers a potential remedy, it requires complex application adaptations. This paper investigates AMD’s Secure Encrypted virtualization (SEV) as an alternative approach for securing NFV. SEV encrypts virtual machine (VM) memory, protecting it from threats including those at the hypervisor level, without requiring application modifications. We explore the practicality and performance implications of executing native network function (NF) implementations in AMD SEV-SNP, the latest iteration of SEV. Our study focuses on running an unmodified Snort NF within SEV. Results show an average performance penalty of approximately 20% across various traffic and packet configurations, demonstrating a trade-off between security and performance that may be acceptable for many NFV deployments. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： network function virtualization

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IoTP4Chain: Leveraging Programmable Data Plane for Efficient IoT Forensics using Blockchain

IoTP4Chain: Leveraging Programmable Data Plane for Efficient...

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IEEE Conference on network function virtualization and Software Defined networks (NFV-SDN)

作者： Robert Patrick Susin Ricardo Parizotto Luciano P. Gaspary Alberto Schaeffer-Filho Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350380538

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380545

Internet of Things (IoT) forensics faces challenges such as acquiring, identifying, and analyzing evidence. This process is complex due to the exponential growth in IoT devices and the security requirements such as anonymity, non-tampering, and tracking necessary in this context. The blockchain paradigm has been widely used to solve these challenges in IoT environments. However, collecting a large volume of data in IoT can typically lead to bottlenecks in the blockchain. This paper proposes a system called IoTP4Chain, which can collect, identify, aggregate, and filter data from IoT systems based on a taxonomy and respective library of preprocessing functions that execute on a programmable data plane. This allows for efficient and scalable forensic evidence collection on IoT systems before storing that data on a blockchain.

关键词： Performance evaluation Forensics Scalability Taxonomy Switches Blockchains network function virtualization Internet of Things Security Software defined networking

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POSMAC: Powering Up In-network AR/CG Traffic Classification with Online Learning

POSMAC: Powering Up In-Network AR/CG Traffic Classification ...

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IEEE Conference on network function virtualization and Software Defined networks (NFV-SDN)

作者： Alireza Shirmarz Fábio Luciano Verdi Suneet Kumar Singh Christian Esteve Rothenberg Dept. of Computer Science Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) Sorocaba Brazil Dept. of Computer Engineering Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350380538

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380545

In this demonstration, we showcase POSMAC 1 , a platform designed to deploy Decision Tree (DT) and Random Forest (RF) models on the NVIDIA DOCA DPU, equipped with an ARM processor, for real-time network traffic classification. Developed specifically for Augmented Reality (AR) and Cloud Gaming (CG) traffic classification, POSMAC streamlines model evaluation, and generalization while optimizing throughput to closely match line rates.

关键词： Radio frequency Telecommunication traffic Cloud gaming Throughput Real-time systems network function virtualization Decision trees Software defined networking Random forests Augmented reality

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Resilient User Plane Traffic Redirection in Cellular networks

Resilient User Plane Traffic Redirection in Cellular Network...

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IEEE Conference on network function virtualization and Software Defined networks (NFV-SDN)

作者： Lisa Wernet Laura-Marie Spang Fridolin Siegmund Tobias Meuser Multimedia Communications Lab Technical University of Darmstadt

ISBN: (数字)9798350380538

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380545

The rising usage of cellular networks for various devices and applications increases the requirements for the availability and reliability of those networks. Yet, a failure of components on the data path inevitably leads to connectivity loss for users. The standardized restoration procedures after failures, as well as mechanisms for session continuity or redundancy on the data path either have a significant overhead in the control plane or duplicate the entire user *** this paper, we propose a resource-efficient session management mechanism that proactively mirrors the session states of the central core function on the data path, the User Plane function (UPF), to another instance. Our design is agnostic to UPF and gNB realizations and transparent to the user devices. Following a UPF failure detection, we redirect data plane traffic to the redundant UPF. Additionally, proactive user session mirroring reduces recovery times for the user plane of 5G and beyond. We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed design with a prototypical implementation, and our experimental results emphasize its scalability and performance.

关键词： Cellular networks 6G mobile communication 5G mobile communication Scalability Redundancy network function virtualization Reliability Mirrors Software defined networking

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Service function Chain Dynamic Scheduling in Space-Air-Ground Integrated networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Jia, Ziye Cao, Yilu He, Lijun Wu, Qihui Zhu, Qiuming Niyato, Dusit Han, Zhu College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing211106 China State Key Laboratory of ISN Xidian University Xian710071 China School of Information and Control Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering the University of Houston HoustonTX77004 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

As an important component of the sixth generation communication technologies, the space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN) attracts increasing attentions in recent years. However, due to the mobility and heterogeneity of the components such as satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles in multilayer SAGIN, the challenges of inefficient resource allocation and management complexity are aggregated. To this end, the network function virtualization technology is introduced and can be implemented via service function chains (SFCs) deployment. However, urgent unexpected tasks may bring conflicts and resource competition during SFC deployment, and how to schedule the SFCs of multiple tasks in SAGIN is a key issue. In this paper, we address the dynamic and complexity of SAGIN by presenting a reconfigurable time extension graph and further propose the dynamic SFC scheduling model. Then, we formulate the SFC scheduling problem to maximize the number of successful deployed SFCs within limited resources and time horizons. Since the problem is in the form of integer linear programming and intractable to solve, we propose the algorithm by incorporating deep reinforcement learning. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better convergence and performance compared to other benchmark algorithms. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： network function virtualization

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network function Offloading on Programmable Switch with Sequential Pipelines

Network Function Offloading on Programmable Switch with Sequ...

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IEEE Information Technology and Mechatronics Engineering Conference (ITOEC)

作者： Yan Chen Bo Pang Deyun Gao Dong Yang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798331529482

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529499

network function virtualization (NFV) allows network functions (NFs) to be chained as a service function chain (SFC) and deployed on a number of servers through virtualization technology, enabling flexible processing of network functions. With the development of programmable switches in recent years, some switches, such as P4 switches, are also capable of processing NFs, which can effectively improve the throughput of the system and reduce the processing latency of SFCs. But current programmable switches can only allow packets to be processed in a fixed NF order. Such a feature creates new problems in situations where network SFC requests are in a dynamic randomized manner. Based on the above background, this paper proposes a policy algorithm for accelerating SFC processing based on P4 switches. Our scheme take into account the sequential requirements of SFCs and the sequential structure of the P4 switch pipeline, and uses multiple switches to jointly process SFCs, which is able to handle dynamically generated SFCs with superior performance. Compared with other algorithms, our algorithm is able to achieve lower latency.

关键词： Mechatronics Service function chaining Heuristic algorithms Pipelines Throughput network function virtualization Servers Noise measurement virtualization Information technology

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