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International Workshop on Design of Reliable Communication networks (DRCN)

作者： Naohide Wakuda Kita Nozomi Ryuta Shiraki Eiji Oki Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350348972

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348989

This paper proposes an analytical model that deter-mines the unavailability of middle box functions, where multiple backup servers protect one or more functions, which we call a multiple-backup shared protection strategy. Middlebox functions as software are implemented on a general-purpose server through the utilization of network function virtualization. The metric of unavailability in middleboxes carries significant importance, underscoring the necessity for streamlined and efficient protection strategies. While existing approaches tackle this problem, they often become complex, or only exceptional cases are considered, prompting new model development. In our model, we enable each function to be protected by multiple backup servers to ensure function availability, and each backup server can recover at most one function simultaneously. We employ a Markov chain to an-alyze state transitions and establish equilibrium-state equations, providing an analytical foundation for assessing the performance of the multiple-backup shared protection strategy. Numerical results show that the multiple-backup shared protection strategy reduces the unavailability by 7.80-72.3 % compared to the single-backup shared protection strategy in our examined cases.

关键词： Measurement Analytical models Middleboxes Reliability engineering Mathematical models Software network function virtualization

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Artificial Intelligence-based Service Chains Scheduling for Medical Emergency in Healthcare

Artificial Intelligence-based Service Chains Scheduling for ...

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International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics (IC3I)

作者： Mukesh Soni Maher Ali Rusho Haewon Byeon Azzah AlGhamdi Shaikh Abdul Hannan Parth Rameshchandra Dave Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Dr. D. Y. Patil School of Science & Technology Tathawade Pune Marashtra Department of Lockheed Martin Engineering Management University of Colorado Boulder Colorado Department of AI and Software & Medical Big Data Research Centre Inje University Gimhae Republic of Korea Computer Information Systems Department College of Computer Science and Information Technology Imam Abdalrhman Bin Faisal University Khobar Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing and Information AlBaha University AlBaha Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering L. D. College of Engineering Ahmedabad Gujarat India

ISBN: (数字)9798350350067

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350074

This study analyses the weekly scheduling challenge of health and medical information network service function chains to meet medical emergency categorization and grading needs. Emergency services are divided into four sorts by urgency and service area, with priorities and weights. The health and medical information network architecture, service model, and operation method are built accordingly. To reduce weighted completion time, a service function chain scheduling model is created. The function chain scheduling scheme is solved by matching game and Q -learning reinforcement learning algorithms for different issue scales. Finally, simulation studies demonstrate that this approach can accomplish graded medical emergency service, build health and medical information networks, and progress smart healthcare.

关键词： Schedules Job shop scheduling Service function chaining Hospitals Processor scheduling Reinforcement learning Games Emergency services network function virtualization Standards

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Performance Modelling and Optimal Stage Assignment for Multistage P4 Switches

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhou, Geng-Li Lee, Steven S.W. Hwang, Ren-Hung Lin, Ying-Dar Lai, Yuan-Cheng National Chung Cheng University Chiayi Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan

P4 programmable switches typically consist of multiple computation stages, each capable of independently executing flow rules to achieve the desired network function (NF). A network function chain (NFC) can be implemented to provide a network service by concatenating a set of NFs. This paper focuses on studying the stage-to-NF assignment problem in multistage P4 switches. We propose a greedy-based stage assignment algorithm that has been proven to optimally solve such resource allocation problems. The algorithm's key feature is its ability to address load imbalances among the NFs by considering both the packet arrival and service rates of the NFs. During each iteration of the algorithm's execution, a set of stage assignments needs to be evaluated. To efficiently determine the average packet delay for each assignment, we have developed a queuing model and derive an analytical solution. The analytical results are verified through simulation, and the gap between them is found to be negligible. Additionally, the simulation results demonstrate the algorithm's superiority in handling load imbalances among NFs. The algorithm efficiently assigns stages such that, for a set of NFCs with a constant total input rate, altering the distribution of arrival rates among the NFCs results in similar average delays. The experimental instances indicate that the variation in delay remains within 8% after altering the arrival rate distribution among the NFCs. Furthermore, we implemented a benchmark named "Equal Stage Assignment" in which each NF is assigned an equal number of stages. Compared to the Equal Stage Assignment algorithm, the proposed stage assignment algorithm can reduce the average delay by more than 20%, particularly in cases where the loads between NFs are imbalanced. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： network function virtualization

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Entanglement-assisted decision making for VNF migration in 6G Communication networks

Entanglement-assisted decision making for VNF migration in 6...

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IEEE Conference on network function virtualization and Software Defined networks (NFV-SDN)

作者： Shivam Maheshwari Vignesh Raman Riccardo Bassoli Frank H.P. Fitzek Deustche Telekom Chair of Communication Networks TU Dresden CeTI Research Institute

ISBN: (数字)9798350380538

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380545

network function virtualization (NFV) has enabled scalable deployment of novel user service requests in current and future communication networks (sixth generation (6G)). However, virtualization also introduces down functioning of certain Key Performance Indicator (KPI)s such as latency. Novel technology like quantum computing has potential to surpass these limitations. One of the problems to tackle in NFV based systems, is decision making for Virtual network function (VNF) migration. Classical and quantum solutions are proposed for this problem. It is observed that both solutions ensure anonymity; however lesser overhead is required in the quantum solution. Further, future research directions are discussed as well to inculcate quantum technology into broader class of problems in 6G communication networks.

关键词： 6G mobile communication Quantum computing Quantum entanglement Decision making Key performance indicator network function virtualization Communication networks virtualization Software defined networking

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Dynamic VNF Deployment and Resource Allocation in Mobile Edge Computing

Dynamic VNF Deployment and Resource Allocation in Mobile Edg...

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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications, ISPA

作者： Xiaolong Zhai Zhenli He Yuanfei Xiao Junjie Wu Xuejie Yu School of Software Yunnan University Kunming China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Yunnan University Kunming China

ISBN: (数字)9798331509712

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509729

The explosive growth of terminal devices at the network edge, coupled with advancements in communication technology, poses significant challenges to traditional cloud computing models. Despite Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) mitigating some issues by enabling real-time data processing closer to the source, it faces challenges with linear growth in computational resources insufficient to meet the exponential growth in service demand. Existing research utilizing Software-Defined networking (SDN), network functions virtualization (NFV), and Service function Chain (SFC) technologies has made progress but still faces critical issues, such as the inability to respond in real-time to dynamic demands and inefficiencies in resource management strategies. This paper addresses these challenges by optimizing Virtual network function (VNF) deployment strategies in MEC environments. We propose PPO-ERA, a novel algorithm leveraging deep reinforcement learning and the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) method. This approach provides real-time, adaptive, and dynamic deployment policies for VNFs, significantly improving both the average response delay of tasks and resource utilization. Key contributions include rigorous SFC-based application modeling, dynamic VNF deployment algorithms, elastic resource allocation, uniform state representation, and extensive performance validation. These advancements enhance the adaptability, efficiency, and performance of VNF deployment strategies, addressing critical challenges in dynamic MEC environments.

关键词： Multi-access edge computing Service function chaining Heuristic algorithms Computational modeling Dynamic scheduling Real-time systems Explosives network function virtualization Resource management Faces

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A NFV Technology with Expanded Wireless Communication Emulation function

A NFV Technology with Expanded Wireless Communication Emulat...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and networking

作者： Jiabin Yuan Ming Chen Kun Zhu College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China Collaborative Innovation Center of Novel Software Technology and Industrialization

ISBN: (数字)9798350303582

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303599

Emerging wireless technologies such as 6G and satellite communications need thorough testing and validation before deployment. While NFV (network function virtualization) effectively supports network analysis, evaluation, and testing, it lacks the ability to facilitate research in wireless communication and the convergence of wired and wireless networks. In this paper, we aim to enhance the capabilities of NFV by integrating the ns-3 network simulator with the NFV system. Moreover, we utilize the rich wireless modules in ns-3 to expand wireless communication emulation functions for NFV. Firstly, we discuss the operational principles of integrating the ns-3 emulated wireless network with the NFV network, which implemented by utilizing the communication interface between ns-3 and Linux. Next, we discuss the technical details of expanding the wireless communication emulation function within the NFV system. Furthermore, we provide a case study on the convergence between the NFV-based wired network and the ns-3 emulated MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc network). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has extended the availability of NFV in wireless communication emulation.

关键词： Wireless networks Linux Emulation Ad hoc networks Software network function virtualization virtualization

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SDN and NFV security approaches for IoT environments

SDN and NFV security approaches for IoT environments

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Embedded Systems and Artificial Intelligence (ESAI), International Conference on

作者： Manare Zerifi Abdellatif Ezzouhairi Abdelhak Boulaalam National School of Applied Sciences Sidi Mohammed ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco

ISBN: (数字)9798331522056

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522063

The application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in several fields introduces a lack of protection level and opens new gaps for cybercriminals. Current security mechanisms are not adapted to the dynamic characteristics of IoT and are not capable of answering its requirements. In this sense, Software Defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) are two new concepts that can be used to reinforce the cybersecurity of IoT systems. For this reason, we propose, in this paper, a deep analysis and comprehensive study of different security mechanisms introduced by SDN and NFV and its impact on addressing IoT security challenges, and we compare them with conventional security mechanisms. Then, we discuss the several challenges related to applying SDN and NFV in IoT security functionalities.

关键词： Embedded systems network function virtualization Security Internet of Things Software defined networking Protection Computer security Artificial intelligence

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DistB-VNET: Distributed Cluster-based Blockchain Vehicular Ad-Hoc networks through SDN-NFV for Smart City

DistB-VNET: Distributed Cluster-based Blockchain Vehicular A...

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International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT)

作者： Anichur Rahman MD. Zunead Abedin Eidmum Dipanjali Kundu Mahir Hossain MD Tanjum An Tashrif Md Ahsan Karim Md. Jahidul Islam Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Constituent Institute of Dhaka University Savar Dhaka Dept. of Internet of Things and Robotics Engineering Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Digital University Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Green University of Bangladesh

ISBN: (数字)9798331519094

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519100

In the developing topic of smart cities, Vehicular Ad-Hoc networks (VANETs) are crucial for providing successful interaction between vehicles and infrastructure. This research proposes a distributed Blockchain-based Vehicular Ad-hoc network ("DistB-VNET") architecture that includes binary malicious traffic classification, Software Defined networking (SDN), and network function virtualization (NFV) to ensure safe, scalable, and reliable vehicular networks in smart cities. The suggested framework is the decentralized blockchain for safe data management, SDN-NFV for dynamic network management and resource efficiency, and a noble isolation forest algorithm that works as an IDS (Intrusion Detection System). Further, "DistB-VNET" offers a dual-layer blockchain system, where a distributed blockchain provides safe communication between vehicles, while a centralized blockchain in the cloud is in charge of data verification and storage. This improves security, scalability, and adaptability, ensuring better traffic management, data security, and privacy in VANETs. Furthermore, the unsupervised isolation forest model achieves a high accuracy of 99.23% for detecting malicious traffic. Additionally, reveals that our method greatly improves network performance, offering decreased latency, increased security, and reduced congestion, an effective alternative for existing smart city infrastructures.

关键词： Smart cities Scalability Heuristic algorithms Forestry Dynamic scheduling Blockchains network function virtualization Resource management Vehicle dynamics Software defined networking

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A Fast and Scalable Deployment Scheme of 5G Containerized network functions Using Docker Compose

A Fast and Scalable Deployment Scheme of 5G Containerized Ne...

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Taiwan (ICCE-TW)

作者： Wen-Ping Lai Hong-Lun Lai Department of Electrical Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798350386844

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386851

network functions virtualization (NFV) is a crucial paradigm in modern telecommunications, enabling fast and scalable deployment of network services. This paper explores the use of Docker Compose for building and deploying 5G containerized network functions (CNFs) based on the free5GC open-source 5G Core network, including the simple and convenient setup, configuration, and deployment of a 5G stand-alone (SA) network. Such an approach facilitates local testing and development of 5G differential services, and simplifies their automatic deployment process. As preliminary results, two showcases are presented: one on its deployment speed, and the other on its deployment scalability.

关键词： 5G mobile communication Scalability Buildings Production Machine learning Market research network function virtualization

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Integrity Management in Softwarized networks

Integrity Management in Softwarized Networks

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IEEE Symposium on network Operations and Management

作者： Enrico Bravi Antonio Lioy Diana Gratiela Berbecaru Dip. Automatica e Informatica Politecnico di Torino Torino Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798350327939

ISBN: (纸本)9798350327946

Nowadays, there is a growing inclination towards network softwarization, wherein functions once handled by specialized hardware are now executed as software components on general-purpose nodes. This can be achieved with network function virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined networking (SDN), offering advantages such as flexibility and reduced equipment costs. However, these paradigms, reliant on software and operating as a distributed system, introduce security challenges, including threats to software integrity through network or physical manipulation. To address these concerns, Remote Attestation techniques can be employed to enable a party to assess the software and configuration integrity of a network node. In complex network environments, different attestation frameworks may be deployed, depending on the type of hardware and software to be attested. To streamline this process, we present an extended design and implementation of our Trust Monitor architecture, implementing the Trust Manager defined by ETSI for NFV environments. This enhances flexibility by supporting the integration of multiple attestation frameworks based on different technologies. We present also how the Trust Monitor integrates into the IETF RATS architecture and how it interacts with its other elements. Through experimental tests, we demonstrate that the proposed implementation is scalable and effective in attesting both physical and virtual entities, such as Kubernetes pods.

关键词： Runtime Prototypes Computer architecture Metadata Software Hardware network function virtualization

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