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network functions virtualization: The Long Road to Commercial Deployments

IEEE ACCESS 2019年 7卷 60439-60464页

作者： Rehman, A. U. Aguiar, Rui L. Barraca, Joao Paulo Inst Telecomunicacoes P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal Univ Aveiro Campus Univ Santiago P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal

network operators are under pressure to offer efficient network-based services while keeping service deployment costs to a minimum. network functions virtualization (NFV) can potentially revolutionize network-based services bringing low-deployment costs for network operators. The NFV has been introduced to ultimately extend the non-proprietary and open-standard-based model to network and service deployments, significant improvements to today's proprietary locked implementations. Notwithstanding the continuous efforts of both academia and industry to support the NFV paradigm, the current NFV solutions offered are still in its infancy. In this survey, we provide a detailed background of NFV to establish a comprehensive understanding of the subject, ranging from the basics to more advanced topics. Moreover, we offer a comprehensive overview of the NFV main concepts, standardization efforts, the benefits of NFV, and discussions of the NFV architecture as defined by the European telecommunications standardization institute (ETSI). Furthermore, we discuss the NFV applicability and current open source projects. We then highlight NFV requirements, design considerations, and developmental architectural impairments and barriers to commercial NFV deployments. Finally, we conclude enumerating future directions for NFV development.

关键词： network functions virtualization virtual network functions server virtualization hypervisors containers Unikernels network management and orchestration network programmability network softwarization

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network functions virtualization for Flexible Deployment of Converged Optical -Wireless Access Infrastructure 14

Network Functions Virtualization for Flexible Deployment of ...

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14th International Conference on Advanced Trends in Radioelecrtronics, Telecommunications and Computer Engineering (TCSET)

作者： Krasko, Olena Al-Zayadi, Haider Pashkevych, Volodymyr Kopets, Halyna Humeniuk, Bohdan Lviv Polytech Natl Univ Dept Telecommun Lvov Ukraine Lviv Polytech Natl Univ Dept Elect & Informat Technol Lvov Ukraine Lviv Polytech Natl Univ Dept Org Management Lvov Ukraine

ISBN: (纸本)9781538625569

Existing network infrastructure is very heterogeneous in terms of connectivity options, service types, and user demands. The emergence of new technologies such as 5G mobile networks and Internet of Things introduces the additional degrees of complexity and heterogeneity. It results in more diverse requirements to the separate parts of information and communications systems such as fixed and wireless access networks. In this paper, we propose a new virtualized convergent platform based on software defined network architecture. Proposed platform uses elastic optical network infrastructure with flexible configuration for switching, multiplexing, data flows distribution and quality of service maintenance. All these parameters are defined by software and dynamically managed by the controller, providing advantaged in terms of the infrastructure utilization efficiency, flexibility, scalability and reliability, and quality of service.

关键词： network functions virtualization software defined networks optical access network optical-wireless convergence

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vEPC sec: Securing LTE network functions virtualization on Public Cloud

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY 2019年第12期14卷 3287-3297页

作者： Razor, Muhammad Taqi Lu, Songwu Gerla, Mario Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Comp Sci Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

Public cloud offers economy of scale to adapt workload changes in an autonomic manner, maximizing the use of resources. Through network function virtualization (NFV), network operators can move LTE core to the cloud;hence removing their dependency on carrier-grade LTE network functions. Recent research efforts discuss performance, latency, and fault tolerance of LTE NFV, largely ignoring the security aspects. In this paper, we discover new vulnerabilities that LTE NFV face today with no standard solutions to address them. These vulnerabilities span at both LTE control and user planes. To address them, we propose vEPC-sec that cryptographically secures LTE control-plane signaling messages in the cloud. It provides distributed key management and key derivation schemes to derive shared-symmetric keys for securing the communication between any two network functions. Our approach provides encryption and integrity protection to the messages even during virtual machines scalability and failure recovery scenarios. vEPC sec also prevents user-plane vulnerabilities by ensuring that LTE routing modules should faithfully forward the LTE subscriber packets.

关键词： Security network functions virtualization 4G LTE SG networks evolved packet core fault tolerance software defined networking

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Automated Function Placement and Online Optimization of network functions virtualization

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2019年第2期67卷 1225-1237页

作者： Chen, Xiaojing Ni, Wei Collings, Iain B. Wang, Xin Xu, Shugong Fudan Univ Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Macquarie Univ Sydney NSW 2109 Australia Shanghai Univ Shanghai Inst Adv Commun & Data Sci Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China CSIRO Sydney NSW 2122 Australia Macquarie Univ Sch Engn Sydney NSW 2109 Australia Fudan Univ Shanghai Inst Adv Commun & Data Sci Key Lab Informat Sci Electromagnet Waves MoE Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Dept Commun Sci & Engn Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China

This paper proposes a new fully decentralized approach to online placement and optimization of virtual machines (VMs) for network functions virtualization (NFV). The approach is of practical value, as network services comprising a chain of virtual network functions (VNFs) are proposed to be queued on the basis of leading unexecuted VNFs at every server, rather than on the typical basis of services, reducing queues per server and facilitating queue management and signaling. It is also non-trivial because the VNFs of network services must be executed correctly in order at different VMs, coupling the optimal decisions of VMs on processing or offloading. Exploiting Lyapunov optimization techniques, we decouple the optimal decisions by deriving and minimizing the instantaneous upper bound of the NFV cost in a distributed fashion, and achieve the asymptotically minimum time-average cost. We also reduce the queue length by allowing individual VMs to (un)install VNFs based on local knowledge, achieving stable redeployment of VNFs, adapting to the network topology and the temporal and spatial variations of services. Simulations show that the proposed approach is able to reduce the time-average cost of NFV by 71% and reduce the queue length (or delay) by 74%, as compared with existing approaches.

关键词： Virtual machine network functions virtualization Lyapunov optimization

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ElasticSFC: Auto-scaling techniques for elastic service function chaining in network functions virtualization-based clouds

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2019年 152卷 108-119页

作者： Toosi, Adel Nadjaran Son, Jungmin Chi, Qinghua Buyya, Rajkumar Monash Univ Fac Informat Technol Clayton Vic Australia Shanghai Huawei Technol Co Ltd Wireless Network Res Dept Shanghai Peoples R China Univ Melbourne Cloud Comp & Distributed Syst CLOUDS Lab Sch Comp & Informat Syst Melbourne Vic Australia

It is anticipated that future networks support network functions, such as firewalls, load balancers and intrusion prevention systems in a fully automated, flexible, and efficient manner. In cloud computing environments, network functions virtualization (NFV) aims to reduce cost and simplify operations of such network services through the virtualization technologies. To enforce network policies in NFV-based cloud environments, network services are composed of virtualized network functions (VNFs) that are chained together as service function chains (SFCs). All network traffic matching a policy must traverse network functions in the chain in a sequence to comply with it. While SFC has drawn considerable attention, relatively little has been given to dynamic auto-scaling of VNF resources in the service chain. Moreover, most of the existing approaches focus only on allocating computing and network resources to VNFs without considering the quality of service requirements of the service chain such as end-to-end latency. Therefore, in this paper, we define a unified framework for building elastic service chains. We propose a dynamic auto-scaling algorithm called ElasticSFC to minimize the cost while meeting the end-to-end latency of the service chain. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm can reduce the cost of SFC deployment and SLA violation significantly. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Service function chaining network functions virtualization Virtualized network functions Software defined networking Auto-scaling Cloud computing

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Implementation of a real-time network traffic monitoring service with network functions virtualization

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FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ESCIENCE 2019年 93卷 687-701页

作者： Yang, Chao-Tung Chen, Shuo-Tsung Liu, Jung-Chun Yang, Yao-Yu Mitra, Karan Ranjan, Rajiv Tunghai Univ Dept Comp Sci Taichung 40704 Taiwan Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Intelligence Recognit Ind Serv Res Ctr AIR IS Res Ctr Yunlin 64002 Taiwan Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Coll Future Bachelor Program Interdisciplinary Studies Yunlin 64002 Taiwan Lulea Univ Technol Dept Comp Sci Elect & Space Engn Lulea Sweden China Univ Geosci Sch Comp Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China Newcastle Univ Sch Comp Newcastle Upon Tyne Tyne & Wear England

The network functions virtualization (NFV) extends the functionality provided by Software-Defined networking (SDN). It is a virtualization technology that aims to replace the functionality provided by traditional networking hardware using software solutions. Thereby, enabling cheaper and efficient network deployment and management. The use of NFV and SDN is anticipated to enhance the performance of Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) clouds. However, due to the presence of a large number of network devices in laaS clouds offering a plethora of networked services, there is need to develop a traffic monitoring system for the efficient network. This paper proposes and validates an extensible SDN and NFV-enabled network traffic monitoring system. Using extensive experiments, we show that the proposed system can closely match the performance of traditional networks at cheaper costs and by adding more flexibility to network management tasks. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Software-defined networking network functions virtualization OpenFlow Virtualized switch network traffic monitoring

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On the Feasibility of Using Hierarchical Task networks and network functions virtualization for Managing Software-Defined networks

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IEEE ACCESS 2018年 6卷 38026-38040页

作者： Villota, William Gironza, Mario Ordonez, Armando Rendon, Oscar Mauricio Caicedo Univ Estadual Campinas Inst Comp BR-13083970 Campinas SP Brazil Univ Cauca Telemat Dept Telemat Engn Grp Popayan 19003 Colombia Fdn Univ Popayan Intelligent Management Syst Grp Popayan 19003 Colombia

Management is an essential process to ensure the proper operation of computer networks. There are a lot of proposals to manage software-defined networks (SDN) from their application plane. However, such proposals share some shortcomings related to low automation of network management tasks, long time needed to handle network situations, and the lack of flexibility and workability. In this paper, we introduce JANO to overcome these shortcomings and investigate the feasibility of using automated planning and network functions' virtualization to manage SDN from a vertical management plane. JANO uses hierarchical task networks' planning to generate automatically plans that automate management tasks and reduce the time required by administrators to face network situations. Also, JANO performs an instantiation of the management orchestrator of network functions virtualization to provide flexibility and workability in the generation and execution of plans targeted to addressing network situations. We evaluate JANO in a proof of concept. The evaluation results corroborated that JANO is a feasible solution to manage SDN, since the planning time slightly and linearly increased with the number of primitive tasks that form a plan, the time-consuming needed by administrators to addressing a network situation was short, and the additional traffic was low.

关键词： Automated planning hierarchical task network network functions virtualization software-defined networks

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Security challenges with network functions virtualization

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FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ESCIENCE 2017年 67卷 315-324页

作者： Firoozjaei, Mahdi Daghmehchi Jeong, Jaehoon (Paul) Jo, Hoon Kim, Hyoungshick Sungkyunkwan Univ Coll Informat & Commun Engn Dept Elect & Comp Engn Seoul South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ Coll Informat & Commun Engn Dept Interact Sci Seoul South Korea

The advent of network functions virtualization (NFV) has revolutionized numerous network-based applications due to its several benefits such as flexibility, manageability, scalability, and security. By the software-based virtualization of network functions on a single infrastructure, NFV provides users with a framework that dynamically provisions various network services in a flexible manner. However, NFV faces several security challenges (e.g., multi-tenancy and live migration) which make it vulnerable to some cybersecurity attacks (e.g., side-channel attacks and shared resource misuse attacks). In this paper, we provide an overview of NFV, discuss potentially serious security threats on NFV and introduce effective countermeasures to mitigate those threats. Finally, we suggest some practical solutions to provide a trustworthy platform for NFV. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： network functions virtualization network security Virtualized network function Security threats

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A Scaling Mechanism for an Evolved Packet Core Based on network functions virtualization

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON network AND SERVICE MANAGEMENT 2020年第2期17卷 779-792页

作者： Tobar Arteaga, Carlos Hernan Botina Anacona, Faiber Tobar Ortega, Kelly Tatiana Caicedo Rendon, Oscar Mauricio Univ Cauca Dept Telemat Grp Ingn Telemat Popayan 190001 Colombia

The workload variations affect the performance of mobile networks. The scaling task is pivotal for addressing these variations. In the literature, research works have incorporated horizontal or vertical scaling in the virtualized network functions of the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) to improve its performance. However, up to now, these works exploit only horizontal or vertical scaling for achieving their aim. In this paper, we propose a scaling mechanism that utilizes horizontal and vertical scaling and considers workload variations for improving performance in EPC. This mechanism is threshold-based, straightforward, and implementable in real LTE-EPC scenarios. We also develop a mechanism prototype and deploy it in a real public cloud. In this cloud, we conduct a prototype evaluation, regarding registrations per second, latency, CPU, and RAM, and considering a varying workload. The evaluation results reveal that our mechanism increases the registrations per second about 308% and decreases the corresponding latency approximately 70% regarding an EPC without scaling while keeping the CPU usage lower than 90% and the used capacity of registrations per second between 65% and 90%. These results corroborate the importance of used both horizontal and vertical scaling to improve EPC performance, handle workload variations, and save resources.

关键词： Scalability Cloud computing Synchronization Prototypes Long Term Evolution network function virtualization Authentication Scaling evolved packet core 4G network functions virtualization

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Monitoring Transport and Cloud for network functions virtualization 4

Monitoring Transport and Cloud for Network Functions Virtual...

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Fourth European Workshop on Software Defined networks - EWSDN 2015

作者： Moradi, Farnaz Pechenot, Bertrand Martensson, Jonas Ericsson Res Kista Sweden Acreo Swedish ICT Kista Sweden

In this demonstration, we present a monitoring framework for VNFs running inside containers in a cloud system consisting of multiple data centers. We illustrate a use case for the monitoring framework by demonstrating... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781509001804

关键词： Distributed monitoring network functions virtualization Software defined networking

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