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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SURVEYS AND TUTORIALS 2015年第3期17卷 1423-1440页

作者： Haleplidis, Evangelos Salim, Jamal Hadi Halpern, Joel M. Hares, Susan Pentikousis, Kostas Ogawa, Kentaro Wang, Weiming Denazis, Spyros Koufopavlou, Odysseas Univ Patras Dept Elect & Comp Engn Rion 26500 Achaia Greece Mojatatu Networks Nepean ON K2H 9G1 Canada Ericsson Leesburg VA 20176 USA Huawei R&D Ctr Beijing 215123 Peoples R China European Ctr Informat & Commun Technol EICT D-10829 Berlin Germany NTT Corp Tokyo 1808585 Japan Zhejiang Gongshang Univ Inst Networks & Commun Engn Hangzhou 310018 Zhejiang Peoples R China

network programmability has re-emerged as a top item of the networking research agenda since Software Defined networking (SDN) gained wide acceptance simultaneously in vendor product line plans and operator expectations for future deployments. Key ingredients for the successful deployment of SDN technologies are standardized models, mechanisms, and protocols for the separation of the control and forwarding planes. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standardization effort on Forwarding and Control Element Separation (ForCES) has published a set of standards track documents which specify in detail a comprehensive architectural framework and the respective standard protocols which can be employed to implement the separation of these two planes in a flexible, scalable, and vendor-agnostic yet fully interoperable manner. The IETF standards on ForCES define how to achieve said separation through a complete and modular system model of the forwarding plane elements. In the ForCES model every network element is composed of numerous logically separate and well-defined functional entities that cooperate to provide the desired overall functionality, such as a routing or IP switching. The elegance of the model lies in the fact that a ForCES-based implementation of a network element is indistinguishable from a traditional ("closed-box") network element and therefore can be deployed in the field without any need for migration to a new architecture. Conversely, ForCES allows for rapid prototyping and agile deployment of new architectures as emphasis is placed on software-defined functionality and full programmability. The difference of ForCES from other SDN approaches that depend on logically centralized controllers and the deployment of solely simple or "dumb" switches is that ForCES standards provide a complete toolbox to design, implement, and interoperate ForCES-based network elements with both previously deployed infrastructures as well as in experimental or early-depl

关键词： ForCES model ForCES protocol logical functional block OpenFlow software defined networking network programmability IETF control plane network function virtualization

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User-Level network programmability: A Scalability Study for Data Center Infrastructure

User-Level Network Programmability: A Scalability Study for ...

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2024 International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing Workshops

作者： Izolan, Patric L. R. Lopes, Ivan M., Jr. Oribes, Ester S. De Souza, Braulio M. Crestani, Angelo V. de Souza, Paulo S. Luizelli, Marcelo C. Rossi, Fabio D. Fed Univ Pampa Campus Alegrete Bage Brazil Fed Inst Farroupilha Campus Alegrete Sao Borja Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506742;9798331506735

This paper evaluates the scalability of user-level network programmability in data centers, focusing on the performance of applications developed using the Data Plane Development Kit (DPDK). DPDK is a high-performance framework for fast packet processing in user space, bypassing traditional kernel-based network stacks. Results show DPDK's potential to maintain high packet transfer rates while optimizing CPU and memory usage under varying packet sizes and processing demands. However, the performance is significantly impacted by hardware limitations, such as memory channels and network interface controllers (NICs). The findings emphasize DPDK's scalability, especially in cloud data centers, where modern applications require low-latency and high-throughput networking solutions.

关键词： Data center DPDK Infrastructure network programmability SDN

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A network programmability framework for vertical applications in the beyond 5G era

A network programmability framework for vertical application...

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Joint Conference of European Conference on networks and Communications (EuCNC) and 6G Summit (6G Summit)

作者： Koumaras, H. Tsolkas, D. Garcia, J. Artunedo, D. Garcia, B. Marco, R. Salkintzis, A. Fragkos, D. Makropoulos, G. Setaki, F. Diaz, A. Merino, P. Koumaras, V Encinar, P. Karadimas, Y. NCSR Demokritos Inst Informat & Telecommun Aghia Paraskevi Greece FOGUS Innovat & Serv Athens Greece TELEFONICA Madrid Spain Univ Malaga Malaga Spain ATOS Spain SAE ATOS Res & Innovat Dept ARI Madrid Spain LENOVO Stuttgart Germany COSMOTE Athens Greece INFOLYSIS Athens Greece Maggioli Santarcangelo RN Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781665498715

programmability in 5G Core (5GC) enables operators to open telecom network capabilities and services to third-party developers, allowing them to establish innovative network-aware vertical applications. This openness is materialized through the 5G Service Based Architecture (SBA) that exposes the network intelligence to the vertical applications through standardized Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). Building upon the application empowerment that the programmable APIs can offer unleashing new business potentials, the ecosystem of network Applications (NetApps) emerges to stand as a facilitating middleware between the network and applications. This study presents the architectural and implementation aspects of an open all-encompassing framework for NetApps considering their entire spanning from their development to their final publication in the market.

关键词： 5G network Applications network programmability EVOLVED-5G

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High Performance Computing and network Function Virtualization: a major challenge towards network programmability 3

High Performance Computing and Network Function Virtualizati...

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IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and networking (BlackSeaCom)

作者： Paglierani, Pietro Italtel SpA Prod & Serv Unit Res & Dev Settimo Milanese MI Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781479985050

The combination of emerging concepts, such as Fog Computing, Software Defined networking and network Function Virtualization will contribute to transform the network into a flexible and dynamical continuum of resources, on which services can be easily deployed and managed (network programmability). In this scenario, a major topic is the use of ad hoc h/w accelerators, in particular to provide the network with general purpose High Performance Computing capabilities, whose application has been so far limited to few highly specialized contexts, such as graphics or scientific computing. However, the use of h/w acceleration is generally considered in contrast with the main NFV concepts, and a major obstacle towards network programmability. This paper argues that, on the contrary, h/w acceleration and virtualization technologies are fully compatible, and together can greatly enhance the network infrastructure. In particular, the use of Graphic Computing Units in Virtual network Functions is analyzed, and their flexible management is considered, within the innovative NFV architecture designed by the EU FP7 T-Nova project.

关键词： High Performance Computing network Function Virtualization Graphical Processing Unit network programmability

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Enabling network and Service programmability in 6G Mobile Communication Systems

Enabling Network and Service Programmability in 6G Mobile Co...

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IEEE Future networks World Forum (FNWF)

作者： Habibi, Mohammad Asif Gallego Sanchez, Adrian Labrador Pavon, Ignacio Han, Bin Landi, Giada Sayadi, Bessem Ntogkas, Christos Belikaidis, Ioannis-Prodromos Schotten, Hans D. Serrano, Pablo Perez-Valero, Jesus Virdis, Antonio Tech Univ Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany ATOS Res & Innovat Bezons France Nextworks Princeton NJ USA NOKIA Bell Labs Murray Hill NJ USA WINGS ICT Solut Athens Greece German Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence Kaiserslautern Germany Univ Carlos III Madrid Madrid Spain Univ Pisa Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781665462501

network programmability is crucial for addressing the multiplicity and heterogeneity of network Services, the diversity of the underlying infrastructure of Sixth-Generation (6G) communication systems, and the requirements for maximum efficiency. The programmability of a service platform enables algorithmic network management by leveraging contemporary software virtualization technologies. Moreover, network programmability will abstract the essential network/service and resource configuration, as well as the production and administration of policy lifecycles, as the number of local breakouts (both public and private) is anticipated to grow exponentially. network programmability is the central point of interest for Hexa-X, the European 6G flagship project, which aims to facilitate the dynamic adaptation to changing network situations and requirements for the most efficient use of available resources. To explore such a critical enabler of futuristic mobile networks, this article addresses the role of network and service programmability and its impact on various aspects of 6G within the context of Hexa-X. In order to accomplish this, the article begins by discussing Hexa-X's proposed service Management and Orchestration (M&O) framework for 6G. Based on this framework, it identifies and explores in greater detail the programmability of four primary processes in 6G: expressing application and service requirements;service description models and profiling;monitoring and diagnostics;and reasoning. Beyond the scope of the Hexa-X, this article aims to serve as a foundation for future research into network and service programmability in 6G.

关键词： 6G Intent-based Processes Monitoring and Diagnostic network Profiling network programmability Programmable Processes Reasoning Service Description Service Management and Orchestration Service programmability

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Trident: Efficient and Practical Software network Monitoring

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2021年第4期26卷 452-463页

作者： Xiaohe Hu Yang Xiang Yifan Li Buyi Qiu Kai Wang Jun Li Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Yunshan Networks Beijing 100084China Research Institute of Information Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

network monitoring is receiving more attention than ever with the need for a self-driving network to tackle increasingly severe network management challenges. Advanced management applications rely on traffic data analyses, which require network monitoring to flexibly provide comprehensive traffic characteristics. Moreover, in virtualized environments, software network monitoring is constrained by available resources and requirements of cloud operators. In this paper, Trident, a policy-based network monitoring system at the host, is proposed. Trident is a novel monitoring approach, off-path configurable streaming, which offers remote analyzers a fine-grained holistic view of the network traffic. A novel fast path packet classification algorithm and a corresponding cached flow form are also proposed to improve monitoring efficiency. Evaluated in a practical deployment, Trident demonstrates negligible interference with forwarding and requires no additional software dependencies. Trident has been deployed in production networks of several Tier-IV datacenters.

关键词： cloud networking software network monitoring network programmability network management

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network Functions Virtualization: The Long Road to Commercial Deployments

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IEEE ACCESS 2019年 7卷 60439-60464页

作者： Rehman, A. U. Aguiar, Rui L. Barraca, Joao Paulo Inst Telecomunicacoes P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal Univ Aveiro Campus Univ Santiago P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal

network operators are under pressure to offer efficient network-based services while keeping service deployment costs to a minimum. network functions virtualization (NFV) can potentially revolutionize network-based services bringing low-deployment costs for network operators. The NFV has been introduced to ultimately extend the non-proprietary and open-standard-based model to network and service deployments, significant improvements to today's proprietary locked implementations. Notwithstanding the continuous efforts of both academia and industry to support the NFV paradigm, the current NFV solutions offered are still in its infancy. In this survey, we provide a detailed background of NFV to establish a comprehensive understanding of the subject, ranging from the basics to more advanced topics. Moreover, we offer a comprehensive overview of the NFV main concepts, standardization efforts, the benefits of NFV, and discussions of the NFV architecture as defined by the European telecommunications standardization institute (ETSI). Furthermore, we discuss the NFV applicability and current open source projects. We then highlight NFV requirements, design considerations, and developmental architectural impairments and barriers to commercial NFV deployments. Finally, we conclude enumerating future directions for NFV development.

关键词： network functions virtualization virtual network functions server virtualization hypervisors containers Unikernels network management and orchestration network programmability network softwarization

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An NFV-Based Framework for Autonomous Deployment of New Protocols in SDN networks

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IEEE ACCESS 2024年 12卷 148727-148740页

作者： Khater, Abbas Amirmasoud Noohi, Seyed Reza Hashemi, Massoud Zali, Zeinab Isfahan Univ Technol Elect & Comp Engn Dept Esfahan *** Iran

network programmability has always been a topic of interest to researchers. After introducing the concept of SDN, control-plane programmability is achieved. However, data-plane programmability remains a challenge in the context of network programmability. Several studies have attempted to deploy data plane programmability in different ways to accommodate and support arbitrary network protocols or to modify the currently supported protocols' functions. P4 introduced flexible parsing of arbitrary protocol header fields using software-programmable switches. In this study, we propose an autonomous SDN-based framework that achieves the same goal of flexible parsing of arbitrary protocol header fields in real-time using software switches based on the NFV concept. We describe a method based on the proposed framework that makes it possible to add proprietary network protocols or modify and upgrade an existing protocol. We introduce a software switch architecture that can implement data plane programmability based on the proposed method. In this switch architecture, the switches need not be pre-programmed to be able to parse and process the packets rather the desired parsing of the arbitrary protocol header fields and actions for each match are automatically programmed into the switches as needed. A proof-of-concept implementation verifies the expected operation of the method and shows that the network can be autonomously programmed in real-time, and new or customized protocols, above the link layer, can be deployed without network operator involvement.

关键词： SDN NFV network programmability data plane programmability data plane programmability P4 P4 autonomous programmable network autonomous programmable network software switch software switch autonomous programmable network software switch

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A comprehensive latency profiling study of the Tofino P4 programmable ASIC-based hardware

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COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS 2024年 218卷 14-30页

作者： Franco, David Zaballa, Eder Ollora Zang, Mingyuan Atutxa, Asier Sasiain, Jorge Pruski, Aleksander Rojas, Elisa Higuero, Marivi Jacob, Eduardo Univ Basque Country UPV EHU Dept Commun Engn Bilbao Spain Tech Univ Denmark Dept Elect & Photon Engn Lyngby Denmark 3 Hi3G Denmark Aps Fadet 4 Copenhagen Denmark Univ Alcala Dept Automat Alcala De Henares Spain

network softwarization has significantly evolved since programmable data planes became topical in academia and industry. Programming Protocol-Independent Packet Processors (P4) is a language to define packet forwarding behavior. Forwarding devices that are programmed with the P4 language support a flexible way to define headers, parse graphs, and data plane logic. However, extending the data plane with additional functionalities has an impact on packet data plane latency. For this reason, this paper analyzes the key factors that affect data pane latency to packets processed by the Tofino-based target (Tofino Native Architecture (TNA)), which can be considered the de facto production -ready and P4-programmable Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Our work first provides an extensive set of latency measurements and, afterwards, it includes a set of data plane latency predictions using the model derived from the latency results and machine learning (ML) algorithms. We demonstrate that the PCA-lasso polynomial (PLP) obtains the best results among the algorithms tested. The best-case results show that PLP obtained an accuracy of 98.22% prediction accuracy when considering the parser, deparser, and the control block for traffic running at 10 G/s (SFP+) and 100 G/s (QSFP28). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that provides such a comprehensive profiling, including a method to predict data plane latency in production -grade Tofino ASIC-based switching hardware, which could be leveraged to yield accurate latency values prior to investment and deployment.

关键词： Software-defined networking network programmability P4 Data plane latency Machine learning

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Tuneman: Customizing networks to Guarantee Application Bandwidth and Latency

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON INTERNET TECHNOLOGY 2023年第1期23卷 1-26页

作者： Sharma, Sidharth Kushwaha, Aniruddha Alizadeh, Mohammad Varghese, George Gumaste, Ashwin IIT Indore Indore 453552 Madhya Pradesh India MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA UCLA Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Indian Inst Technol Mumbai 400076 Maharashtra India

We examine how to provide applications with dedicated bandwidth and guaranteed latency in a programmable mission-critical network. Unlike other SDN approaches such as B4 or SWAN, our system Tuneman optimizes both routes and packet schedules at each node to provide flows with sub-second bandwidth changes. Tuneman uses node-level optimization to compute node schedules in a slotted switch and does dynamic routing using a search procedure with Quality of Service- (QoS) based weights. This allows Tuneman to provide an efficient solution for mission-critical networks that have stringent QoS requirements. We evaluate Tuneman on a telesurgery network using a switch prototype built using FPGAs and also via simulations on India's Tata network. For mission-critical networks with multiple QoS levels, Tuneman has comparable or better utilization than SWAN while providing delay bounds guarantees.

关键词： QoS scheduling network programmability FPGAs mission-critical networks segment routing

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