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Introducing fairness in network visualization

INFORMATION SCIENCES 2025年 691卷

作者： Eades, Peter Hong, Seokhee Liotta, Giuseppe Montecchiani, Fabrizio Noellenburg, Martin Piselli, Tommaso Wismath, Stephen Univ Sydney Sch Informat Technol Sydney NSW Australia Univ Perugia Dept Engn Perugia Italy TU Wien Algorithms & Complex Grp Vienna Austria Univ Lethbridge Lethbridge AB Canada

Motivated by the need for decision-making systems that avoid bias and discrimination, the concept of fairness recently gained traction in the broad field of artificial intelligence, stimulating new research also within the information visualization community. In this paper, we introduce a notion of fairness in network visualization, specifically for orthogonal and for straight-line drawings of graphs, two foundational paradigms in the field. We investigate the following research questions: (i) What is the price, in terms of global readability, of incorporating fairness constraints in graph drawings? (ii) How unfair is a graph drawing that does not optimize fairness as a primary objective? We present both theoretical and empirical results. In particular, we design and implement two optimization algorithms for multi-objective functions, one based on an ILP model for orthogonal drawings, and one based on gradient descent for straight-line drawings. In a nutshell, we experimentally show that it is possible to significantly increase the fairness of a drawing by paying a relatively small amount in terms of reduced global readability. Also, we present a use case in which we qualitatively evaluate our approach on a practical scenario.

关键词： network visualization Fairness Stress minimization Orthogonal drawings

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An introduction to and survey of biological network visualization

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COMPUTERS & GRAPHICS-UK 2025年 126卷

作者： Ehlers, Henry Brich, Nicolas Krone, Michael Noellenburg, Martin Yu, Jiacheng Natsukawa, Hiroaki Yuan, Xiaoru Wu, Hsiang-Yun TU Wien Vienna Austria Univ Tubingen Tubingen Germany Peking Univ Natl Key Lab Gen Artificial Intelligence Beijing Peoples R China Peking Univ Sch Intelligence Sci & Technol Beijing Peoples R China Osaka Seikei Univ Osaka Japan St Polten Univ Appl Sci St Polten Austria Stuttgart Univ Appl Sci Stuttgart Germany Peking Univ Natl Inst Hlth Data Sci Hlth Data Visualizat & Visual Analyt Res Ctr Beijing Peoples R China

Biological networks describe complex relationships in biological systems, which represent biological entities as vertices and their underlying connectivity as edges. Ideally, for a complete analysis of such systems, domain experts need to visually integrate multiple sources of heterogeneous data, and visually, as well as numerically, probe said data in order to explore or validate (mechanistic) hypotheses. Such visual analyses require the coming together of biological domain experts, bioinformaticians, as well as network scientists to create useful visualization tools. Owing to the underlying graph data becoming ever larger and more complex, the visual representation of such biological networks has become challenging in its own right. This introduction and survey aims to describe the current state of biological network visualization in order to identify scientific gaps for visualization experts, network scientists, bioinformaticians, and domain experts, such as biologists, or biochemists, alike. Specifically, we revisit the classic visualization pipeline, upon which we base this paper's taxonomy and structure, which in turn forms the basis of our literature classification. This pipeline describes the process of visualizing data, starting with the raw data itself, through the construction of data tables, to the actual creation of visual structures and views, as a function of task-driven user interaction. Literature was systematically surveyed using API-driven querying where possible, and the collected papers were manually read and categorized based on the identified sub-components of this visualization pipeline's individual steps. From this survey, we highlight a number of exemplary visualization tools from multiple biological sub-domains in order to explore how they adapt these discussed techniques and why. Additionally, this taxonomic classification of the collected set of papers allows us to identify existing gaps in biological network visualization practices. We

关键词： network visualization Biological networks visualization pipeline Sensemaking loop Visual analytics network analysis State-of-the-art-report

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network visualization as a Higher-Order Visual Analysis Tool

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IEEE COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND APPLICATIONS 2016年第6期36卷 78-85页

作者： Dwyer, Tim Monash Univ Immers Analyt Initiat Clayton Vic 3800 Australia

The transformation of data into visuals that are as effective and engaging as possible for compelling presentation is an emerging topic in information visualization research. With this goal in mind, several data-analysis system approaches offer a higher-order network visualization that map insights rather than raw data. Knowledge visualization or externalization in the form of small, focused diagrams can communicate insights as well as help analysts structure their reasoning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词： Cognitive science computer graphics Data models Data visualization information visualization Layout network visualization Software Standards visual analytics visualization

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network visualization for outbreak response: Mapping the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) chains of transmission in N'Zerekore, Guinea

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JOURNAL OF INFECTION 2017年第3期74卷 294-301页

作者： Valencia, C. Bah, H. Fatoumata, B. Rodier, G. Diallo, B. Kone, M. Giese, C. Conde, L. Malano, E. Mollet, T. Jansa, J. Coulombier, D. Sudre, B. ECDC EPIET Stockholm Sweden Sci Inst Publ Hlth Juliette Wytmanstr 14 B-1015 Brussels Belgium WHO Conakry Guinea Hlth Protect Surveillance Ctr Dublin Ireland Dept Hlth Nzerekore Prefecture Guinea Minist Hlth Conakry Guinea European Ctr Dis Prevent & Control ECDC Stockholm Sweden

Background: During the 2014-2015 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in N'Zerekore , Forested Guinea, modes of transmission remained unexamined for a number of new cases. We used network visualization to investigate EVD transmission chains (TC) in seven sub-prefectures of N'Zerekore in order to adapt outbreak response. Methods: Between August 2014 and February 2015, the EVD outbreak response team including the World Health Organization (WHO) and local health authorities routinely collected information among new cases regarding hospital visits, cases within a household, participation in burials, as well as dates of symptom onset, serial intervals (SI) and exposure to EVD. SI's were defined as the interval between symptom onset in an index case and symptom onset in a secondary case infected by that index case. Cases who reported hospital visits, contact with a case in the household or participating in burials were attributed to these exposures. Results: We identified seven TC (two urban and five rural) gathering characteristics of 109 probable/confirmed cases. Overall, 61% (66 cases, SI range: 7-20 days) were household related, 32% (35 cases, SI range 8-30 days) were household or burial related and 7% (8 cases, SI range: 4-20 days) were hospital-related. In the urban chains (18 cases, SI range: 7-20 days), 12 cases were household related and 6 cases were hospital related, none where household or burial related. In the rural chains (84 cases, SI range: 7-30 days), 60% (50 cases) were household related, 1% (1 case) was hospital related and 39% (34 cases) were household or burial related. No cases reported multiple exposures. Conclusions: network visualization during field response is crucial in enhancing local control strategies, refining outbreak response and aiding rapid response teams in insuring psychosocial and socio-economic recovery. Urban settings need to focus on reducing hospital EVD transmission whereas rural settings should focus on raising awareness of trans

关键词： Ebola virus disease (EVD) Transmission Mapping network visualization Guinea Outbreak

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network visualization of Human and Machine-based Educational Standard Assignment

Network Visualization of Human and Machine-based Educational...

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14th International Conference on Information Visualisation (IV)

作者： Reitsma, Rene F. Diekema, Anne R. Oregon State Univ Corvallis OR 97331 USA Utah State Univ Logan UT 84322 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769541655

Rapid growth in the availability of digital libraries of K-12 curriculum, coupled with an increased emphasis on standard-based teaching has led to the development of automated standard assignment tools. To assess the performance of one of those tools and to gain insight into the differences between how human catalogers and automated tools conduct these standard assignments, we explore the use of network modeling and visualization techniques for comparing and contrasting the two. The results show significant differences between the human-based and machine-based network maps. Unlike the machine-based maps, the human-based assignment maps elegantly reflect the rationales and principles of the assignments;i.e., clusters of standards separate along lines of content and pedagogical principles. In addition, humans seem significantly more apt at assigning so called 'methodological' standards.

关键词： standard assignment network visualization clustering human vs. machine-based assignment

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network visualization by semantic substrates

Network visualization by semantic substrates

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IEEE visualization Conference (Vis 2006)/IEEE Symposium on Information visualization (InfoVis 2006)

作者： Shneiderman, Ben Aris, Aleks Univ Maryland Dept Comp Sci College Pk MD 20742 USA Univ Maryland Human Comp Interact Lab College Pk MD 20742 USA

networks have remained a challenge for information visualization designers because of the complex issues of node and link layout coupled with the rich set of tasks that users present. This paper offers a strategy based on two principles: (1) layouts are based on user-defined semantic substrates, which are non-overlapping regions in which node placement is based on node attributes, (2) users interactively adjust sliders to control link visibility to limit clutter and thus ensure comprehensibility of source and destination. Scalability is further facilitated by user control of which nodes are visible. We illustrate our semantic substrates approach as implemented in NVSS 1.0 with legal precedent data for up to 1122 court cases in three regions with 7645 legal citations.

关键词： network visualization semantic substrate information visualization graphical user interfaces

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network visualization by semantic substrates

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON visualization AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2006年第5期12卷 733-740页

作者： Shneiderman, Ben Aris, Aleks Univ Maryland Dept Comp Sci College Pk MD 20742 USA Univ Maryland Human Comp Interact Lab College Pk MD 20742 USA

关键词： network visualization semantic substrate information visualization graphical user interfaces

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network visualization for Optical Transport networks 22

Network Visualization for Optical Transport Networks

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22nd International Conference on Transparent Optical networks (ICTON)

作者： Banica, Mihai Croitoru, Victor Univ Politehn Bucuresti Splaiul Independentei 313 Bucharest 060042 Romania

ISBN: (数字)9781728184234

ISBN: (纸本)9781728184234

Human interpretation of the network condition plays a key role in managing the network and services;information visualization allows network administrators to understand the behaviour of the managed network. Optical transport networks are inherently multivendor and multidomain networks, and the associated network management functions often make use of different databases and ways of information representation. In this paper we propose a method to optimize and enhance the information visualization, which allows for a unified and common information representation for the network management.

关键词： optical transport networks network visualization network management life-cycle cost optimization

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network visualization and problem-solving support: A cognitive fit study

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SOCIAL networkS 2018年 54卷 162-167页

作者： Welles, Brooke Foucault Xu, Weiai Northeastern Univ 360 Huntington Ave204 Lake Hall Boston MA 02115 USA Univ Massachusetts Integrat Learning Ctr N308 650 N Pleasant St Amherst MA 01003 USA

This study examines the relative effectiveness of four different social network representations for improving human problem-solving accuracy and speed: node-link diagrams, adjacency matrices, tables, and text. Results suggest that visual network representations improve problem-solving accuracy and speed, compared with text. Among the visual representations, tables produced superior problem-solving outcomes for symbolic tasks and link-node diagrams produced superior problem-solving outcomes for spatial tasks. These results partially support a cognitive fit model of problem-solving support. There is not "one best way" to represent network data. Instead, it is important to match network representations and problem-solving tasks. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： network visualization Problem-solving Cognitive fit Data visualization

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DUALQUEST - REAL-TIME BIFOCAL network visualization SYSTEM

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 1995年第1期E78B卷 68-73页

作者： FUJI, H NAKAI, S MATOBA, H TAKANO, H NEC CORP LTD DIV ADV DEV KANAGAWA 258 JAPAN

Most current management systems employ graphic-user-interface displays to visualize the networks being managed. Some networks are so large that it is difficult to display all network elements in a single window alone, and therefore, the hierarchical multi-window style presentation is commonly used. This form of presentation has disadvantages, however, including the fact that window manipulations are complex. Our approach (bifocal network visualization) is able to display both the context and any detail of a network within a single window, and overcomes the disadvantages of hierarchical multi-window presentation. We implemented this bifocal network visualization on a workstation using a frame buffer memory [1] called DUALQUEST that is able to generate images in real-time and is simple to operate. This paper describes bifocal network visualization and its implementation. Furthermore, we present an experiment to compare our interface with conventional hierarchical multi-window presentation.

关键词： GRAPHIC-USER-INTERFACE network visualization BIFOCAL DISPLAY

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