Searching for achieving an ambitious reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, the EU has set as a goal a modal shift in freight transport of 30% by rail for the near future. In this context, it is vital to use modal cho...
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Searching for achieving an ambitious reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, the EU has set as a goal a modal shift in freight transport of 30% by rail for the near future. In this context, it is vital to use modal choice models road versus rail to assess the shippers' acceptance of the actions promoting the use of rail. This paper develops a combined model for jointly evaluating modal split and railway freight flows, addressed to the case when a modal split based on a random utility model is available, and some of its coefficients may present a non-negligible variability. To this end, after the initial deterministic formulation a robust counterpart of the model is developed. The model, formulated as a non-linearinteger programming problem, is oriented to a multi-carrier environment and includes constraints to consider the interactions between the different types of flows on the railway network, allowing a good evaluation of the cost types of the carriers and the network capacity. An algorithmic solution based on the outer approximation method is shown to provide accurate solutions in a reasonable computational time for the robust and non-robust versions of the model. Examples centered on a section of the Trans-European Transport Network, the TEN-T Core network corridors, are reported to test the model's applicability. Results show that this model can be a helpful tool for analyzing the possible shippers' response to the different railway carriers' services competing with the road.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ )
We address the European natural gas supply chain with several tiers, including producers, mid-streamers, and consumers, where natural gas and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) could be traded via long-term contracts or spot...
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We address the European natural gas supply chain with several tiers, including producers, mid-streamers, and consumers, where natural gas and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) could be traded via long-term contracts or spot markets. This network problem is formulated as a non-linearmixed-integer programming model which provides the optimal production and export decisions of producers, import and storage decisions of mid-streamers, and infrastructure investment decisions of European Union (EU) countries with respect to new pipelines and LNG regasification terminals that maximize the total social welfare in the EU natural gas market over a five-year horizon. We conduct several case studies to examine this network under different conditions. We first compare the actual and optimal decisions to provide insights. Then, we examine the effect of infrastructure decisions on social welfare. Our results reveal that new infrastructure investments increase the total social welfare by nearly three billion. In addition, we examine its sensitivity to the exclusion of Russian gas supply from the market with and without the infrastructure decisions. Results suggest that if Russian gas supply is excluded from the market, then the social welfare and cumulative natural gas consumption of 26 EU countries decrease by 10% and 15%, respectively and that considering infrastructure investments on LNG terminals and pipelines would reduce supply risk of consumer countries.
optimization is a vibrant growing area of Applied Mathematics. Its many successful applications depend on efficient algorithms and this has pushed the development of theory and software. In recent years there has been...
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