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Caste-specific microrna expression in termites: insights into soldier differentiation

INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019年第1期28卷 86-98页

作者： Matsunami, M. Nozawa, M. Suzuki, R. Toga, K. Masuoka, Y. Yamaguchi, K. Maekawa, K. Shigenobu, S. Miura, T. Hokkaido Univ Grad Sch Environm Sci Lab Ecol Genet Sapporo Hokkaido Japan Tokyo Metropolitan Univ Dept Biol Sci Hachioji Tokyo Japan Univ Toyama Grad Sch Sci & Engn Toyama Japan Natl Inst Basic Biol Funct Genom Facil Okazaki Aichi Japan Univ Ryukyus Grad Sch Med 207 Nishihara Cho Nishihara Okinawa 9030215 Japan Nihon Univ Coll Humanities & Sci Dept Biosci Tokyo Japan Natl Agr & Food Res Org Inst Agrobiol Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Univ Tokyo Misaki Marine Biol Stn Miura Kanagawa Japan

Eusocial insects have polyphenic caste systems in which each caste exhibits characteristic morphology and behaviour. In insects, caste systems arose independently in different lineages, such as Isoptera and Hymenoptera. Although partial molecular mechanisms for the development of eusociality in termites have been clarified by the functional analysis of genes and hormones, the contribution of micrornas (mirnas) to caste differentiation is unknown. To understand the role of mirnas in termite caste polyphenism, we performed small rna sequencing in a subterranean termite (Reticulitermes speratus) and identified the mirnas that were specifically expressed in the soldier and worker castes. Of the 550 mirnas annotated in the R. speratus genome, 74 were conserved in insects and 174 were conserved in other termite species. We found that eight mirnas (mir-1, mir-125, mir-133, mir-2765, mir-87a and three termite-specific mirnas) are differentially expressed (DE) in soldiers and workers of R. speratus. This differential expression was experimentally verified for five mirnas by real-time quantitative PCR. Further, four of the eight DE mirnas in soldier and worker termite castes were also differentially expressed in hymenopteran castes. The finding that Isoptera and Hymenoptera shared several DE mirnas amongst castes suggests that these mirnas evolved independently in these phylogenetically distinct lineages.

关键词： noncoding rna microrna termite phenotypic plasticity gene expression eusociality.

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Exposure to ambient ultrafine particulate matter alters the expression of genes in primary human neurons

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NEUROTOXICOLOGY 2017年第0期58卷 50-57页

作者： Solaimani, Parrisa Saffari, Arian Sioutas, Constantinos Bondy, Stephen C. Campbell, Arezoo Western Univ Hlth Sci Dept Pharmaceut Sci Pomona CA USA Univ Southern Calif Dept Civil & Environm Engn Los Angeles CA USA Univ Calif Irvine Dept Med Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth Irvine CA 92717 USA

Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) has been associated with the onset of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, but the mechanism of toxicity remains unclear. To gain insight into this neurotoxicity, this study sought to examine global gene expression changes caused by exposure to ambient ultrafine PM. Microarray analysis was performed on primary human neurons derived from fetal brain tissue after a 24 h exposure to 20 mu g/mL of ambient ultrafine particles. We found a majority of the changes in noncoding rnas, which are involved in epigenetic regulation of gene expression, and thereby could impact the expression of several other protein coding gene targets. Although neurons from biologically different lot numbers were used, we found a significant increase in the expression of metallothionein 1A and 1F in all samples after exposure to particulate matter as confirmed by quantitative PCR. These metallothionein 1 proteins are responsible for neuroprotection after exposure to environmental insult but prolonged induction can be toxic. Epidemiological studies have reported that in utero exposure to ultrafine PM not only leads to neurodevelopmental and behavioral abnormalities, but may also predispose the progeny to neurodegenerative disease later in life by genetic imprinting. Our results pinpoint some of the PM-induced genetic changes that may underlie these findings. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Air pollution Ultrafine particulate matter Human neurons noncoding rna Neurodevelopment Metallothionein Genetic imprinting

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Micrornas: Essential players in the regulation of inflammation

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JOUrnaL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2013年第1期132卷 15-26页

作者： Rebane, Ana Akdis, Cezmi A. Univ Zurich Swiss Inst Allergy & Asthma Res SIAF Davos Switzerland Univ Tartu Inst Biomed EE-50411 Tartu Estonia

Regulation of inflammatory responses is ensured by coordinated control of gene expression in participating immune system and tissue cells. One group of gene expression regulators, the functions of which have recently been started to be uncovered in relation to any type of inflammatory condition, is a class of short single-stranded rna molecules termed micrornas (mirnas). mirnas function together with partner proteins and mainly cause gene silencing through degradation of target mrnas or inhibition of translation. A particular mirna can have hundreds of target genes, and thereby mirnas together influence the expression of a large proportion of proteins. The role of mirnas in the immune system has been extensively studied since the discovery of mirnas in mammalian cells approximately 10 years ago. The purpose of the current review is to provide an overview on the functions of mirnas in the regulation of inflammation, with a specific focus on the mechanisms of allergic inflammation. Because recent studies clearly demonstrate the presence of extracellular mirnas in body fluids and propose the involvement of mirnas in cell-cell communication, we will also highlight findings about functions of extracellular mirnas. The possible use of mirnas as biomarkers, as well as mirna-related novel treatment modalities, might open a new future for the diagnosis and treatment of many inflammatory conditions, including allergic diseases.

关键词： Allergy asthma atopic noncoding rna T cells dendritic cells epithelial cells extracellular micrornas

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FSP1: a key regulator of ferroptosis

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TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2023年第9期29卷 753-764页

作者： Li, Wentao Liang, Lin Liu, Siyi Yi, Hong Zhou, Yanhong Cent South Univ Xiangya Hosp Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Changsha 410008 Hunan Peoples R China Cent South Univ Xiangya Hosp Res Ctr Carcinogenesis & Targeted Therapy Changsha 410008 Hunan Peoples R China Cent South Univ Xiangya Hosp Natl Clin Res Ctr Geriatr Disorders Changsha 410008 Hunan Peoples R China Cent South Univ Canc Res Inst Basic Sch Med Changsha 410011 Hunan Peoples R China

Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) is one of the main regulatory molecules of ferroptosis. FSP1 functions through the FSP1-coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)-NAD(P) H axis and the vitamin K redox cycle. FSP1 is regulated by upstream factors, including transcription factors and noncoding rna (ncrna), and is subject to epigenetic modifications, which affect the progress of FSP1-related diseases. FSP1 is closely associated with the poor prognosis of malignant tumors and plays an important role in disease treatment. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of FSP1 in ferroptosis regulation by summarizing regulatory pathways, possible mechanisms involving FSP1, and the relationship between FSP1 and disease prognosis and treatment.

关键词： FSP1 ferroptosis epigenetic modification noncoding rna regulation mechanism

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Repeat E anchors Xist rna to the inactive X chromosomal compartment through CDKN1A-interacting protein (CIZ1)

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2017年第40期114卷 10654-10659页

作者： Sunwoo, Hongjae Colognori, David Froberg, John E. Jeon, Yesu Lee, Jeannie T. Massachusetts Gen Hosp Howard Hughes Med Inst Boston MA 02114 USA Massachusetts Gen Hosp Dept Mol Biol Boston MA 02114 USA Harvard Med Sch Dept Genet Boston MA 02115 USA

X chromosome inactivation is an epigenetic dosage compensation mechanism in female mammals driven by the long noncoding rna, Xist. Although recent genomic and proteomic approaches have provided a more global view of Xist's function, how Xist rna localizes to the inactive X chromosome (Xi) and spreads in cis remains unclear. Here, we report that the CDKN1-interacting zinc finger protein CIZ1 is critical for localization of Xist rna to the Xi chromosome territory. Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) shows a tight association of CIZ1 with Xist rna at the single-molecule level. CIZ1 interacts with a specific region within Xist exon 7-namely, the highly repetitive Repeat E motif. Using genetic analysis, we show that loss of CIZ1 or deletion of Repeat E in female cells phenocopies one another in causing Xist rna to delocalize from the Xi and disperse into the nucleoplasm. Interestingly, this interaction is exquisitely sensitive to CIZ1 levels, as overexpression of CIZ1 likewise results in Xist delocalization. As a consequence, this delocalization is accompanied by a decrease in H3K27me3 on the Xi. Our data reveal that CIZ1 plays a major role in ensuring stable association of Xist rna within the Xi territory.

关键词： Xist X inactivation Repeat E CIZ1 noncoding rna

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Non-coding rnas as direct and indirect modulators of epigenetic regulation

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EPIGENETICS 2014年第1期9卷 3-12页

作者： Peschansky, Veronica J. Wahlestedt, Claes Univ Miami Miller Sch Med Ctr Therapeut Innovat Miami FL 33136 USA Univ Miami Miller Sch Med Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci Miami FL 33136 USA

Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is an increasingly well-understood concept that explains much of the contribution of an organism’s environment and experience to its biology. However, discussion persists as to which mechanisms can be classified as epigenetic. Ongoing research continues to uncover novel pathways, including the important role of non-protein coding rna transcripts in epigenetic gene regulation. We know that the majority of human and other mammalian transcripts are not translated but that many of these are nonetheless functional. These non-coding rnas (ncrnas) can be short (< 200 nt) or long (< 200 nt) and are further classified by genomic origin and mechanism of action. We discuss examples of ncrnas that interact with histone modifying complexes or DNA methyltransferases to regulate gene expression, others that are targets of these epigenetic mechanisms, and propose a model in which such transcripts feed back into an epigenetic regulatory network.

关键词： chromatin epigenetics gene expression histone lncrna microrna noncoding rna pirna polycomb

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MOXI Is a Mitochondrial Micropeptide That Enhances Fatty Acid β-Oxidation

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CELL REPORTS 2018年第13期23卷 3701-3709页

作者： Makarewich, Catherine A. Baskin, Kedryn K. Munir, Amir Z. Bezprozvannaya, Svetlana Sharma, Gaurav Khemtong, Chalermchai Shah, Akansha M. McAnally, John R. Malloy, Craig R. Szweda, Luke I. Bassel-Duby, Rhonda Olson, Eric N. Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr Dallas Dept Mol Biol Dallas TX 75390 USA Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr Dallas Hamon Ctr Regenerat Sci & Med Dallas TX 75390 USA Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr Dallas Adv Imaging Res Ctr Dallas TX 75390 USA Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr Dallas Dept Radiol Dallas TX 75390 USA Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr Dallas Dept Internal Med Dallas TX 75390 USA

Micropeptide regulator of beta-oxidation (MOXI) is a conserved muscle-enriched protein encoded by an rna transcript misannotated as non-coding. MOXI localizes to the inner mitochondria! membrane where it associates with the mitochondria! trifunctional protein, an enzyme complex that plays a critical role in fatty acid 13-oxidation. Isolated heart and skeletal muscle mitochondria from MOXI knockout mice exhibit a diminished ability to metabolize fatty acids, while transgenic MOXI overexpression leads to enhanced 13-oxidation. Additionally, hearts from MOXI knockout mice preferentially oxidize carbohydrates over fatty acids in an isolated perfused heart system compared to wild-type (WT) animals. MOXI knockout mice also exhibit a profound reduction in exercise capacity, highlighting the role of MOXI in metabolic control. The functional characterization of MOXI provides insight into the regulation of mitochondria! metabolism and energy homeostasis and underscores the regulatory potential of additional micropeptides that have yet to be identified.

关键词： micropeptide fatty acid oxidation metabolism mitochondria trifunctional protein noncoding rna

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Transfer rna-derived small rna: A rising star in oncology

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SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY 2021年第0期75卷 29-37页

作者： Li, Jiao Zhu, Lei Cheng, Jian Peng, Yong Sichuan Univ State Key Lab Biotherapy & Canc Ctr Frontiers Sci Ctr Dis Related Mol Network West China HospLab Mol Oncol Chengdu 610064 Peoples R China

Transfer rnas (trnas) participate in protein synthesis through delivering amino acids to the ribosome. Nevertheless, recent studies revealed that trnas can undergo cleavage by endoribonucleases to generate a heterogeneous class of small rnas, designated as trna-derived small rnas (tsrnas). Accumulating evidence demonstrates that tsrnas play an important role in many biological processes, and their dysregulation is associated with the progression of diseases including cancer. Abnormally expressed tsrnas contribute to tumor initiation and development through distinct mechanisms, such as transcriptional regulation and rna interference. In this review, we briefly summarize the current knowledge regarding classification, biogenesis and biological function of tsrnas. Moreover, we highlight the dysregulation and critical roles of tsrnas in cancer and discuss their potentials as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets.

关键词： trna tsrna noncoding rna Cancer Biomarker

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Dysregulation of microrna biogenesis machinery and microrna/rna ratio in skeletal muscle of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice

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MUSCLE & NERVE 2018年第5期57卷 838-847页

作者： Russell, Aaron P. Ghobrial, Lobna Ngo, Shyuan Yerbury, Justin Zacharewicz, Evelyn Chung, Roger Lamon, Severine Deakin Univ IPAN Geelong Vic Australia Univ Queensland Australian Inst Bioengn & Nanotechnol Australia Queensland Brain Inst Brisbane Qld Australia Univ Wollongong Illawarra Hlth & Med Res Inst Wollongong NSW Australia Macquarie Univ Dept Biomed Sci Sydney NSW Australia

Introduction: The pathology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is associated with impaired rna processing and microrna (mirna) dysregulation. Here we investigate the regulation of the members of the mirna biogenesis pathways and total mirna levels at different stages of the disease. Methods: Muscle, brain, and spinal cord tissue were obtained from presymptomatic, symptomatic, and end-stage superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)(G93A) mice. mirna and transcript levels were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: As the diseases progresses, several genes involved in mirna biogenesis as well as the mirna/total rna (totrna) ratio increased in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle but not in the soleus or in neural tissue. Discussion: We propose that a dysregulation in the mirna/totrna ratio in the TA muscle from SOD1(G93A) mice reflects a pathological increase in mirna biogenesis machinery. Alterations in the mirna/totrna ratio influence the levels of reference noncoding rnas and may therefore potentially compromise the accuracy of commonly used mirna normalization strategies. Muscle Nerve57: 838-847, 2018

关键词： ALS biogenesis microrna noncoding rna normalization skeletal muscle

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rna-induced silencing complex (RISC) Proteins PACT, TRBP, and Dicer are SRA binding nuclear receptor coregulators

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2013年第16期110卷 6536-6541页

作者： Redfern, Andrew D. Colley, Shane M. Beveridge, Dianne J. Ikeda, Naoya Epis, Michael R. Li, Xia Foulds, Charles E. Stuart, Lisa M. Barker, Andrew Russell, Victoria J. Ramsay, Kerry Kobelke, Simon J. Li, Xiaotao Hatchell, Esme C. Payne, Christine Giles, Keith M. Messineo, Adriana Gatignol, Anne Lanz, Rainer B. O'Malley, Bert W. Leedman, Peter J. Univ Western Australia Med Res Ctr WAIMR Lab Canc Med Perth WA 6009 Australia Univ Western Australia Sch Med & Pharmacol Perth WA 6009 Australia Baylor Coll Med Dept Mol & Cellular Biol Houston TX 77030 USA Royal Perth Hosp Dept Lab Med Perth WA Australia McGill Univ Lady Davis Inst Med Res Virus Cell Interact Lab Montreal PQ Canada

The cytoplasmic rna-induced silencing complex (RISC) contains dsrna binding proteins, including protein kinase rna activator (PACT), transactivation response rna binding protein (TRBP), and Dicer, that process pre-micrornas into mature micrornas (mirnas) that target specific mrna species for regulation. There is increasing evidence for important functional interactions between the mirna and nuclear receptor (NR) signaling networks, with recent data showing that estrogen, acting through the estrogen receptor, can modulate initial aspects of nuclear mirna processing. Here, we show that the cytoplasmic RISC proteins PACT, TRBP, and Dicer are steroid receptor rna activator (SRA) binding NR coregulators that target steroid-responsive promoters and regulate NR activity and downstream gene expression. Furthermore, each of the RISC proteins, together with Argonaute 2, associates with SRA and specific pre-micrornas in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, providing evidence for links between NR-mediated transcription and some of the factors involved in mirna processing.

关键词： noncoding rna androgen action prostate cancer

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