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5th International IFIP Working Conference on Enterprise Interoperability (IWEI)

作者： Johnson, Pontus Ullberg, Johan Buschle, Markus Franke, Ulrik Shahzad, Khurram KTH Royal Inst Technol SE-10044 Stockholm Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9783642367960;9783642367953

In the design phase of business and software system development, it is desirable to predict the properties of the system-to-be. Existing prediction systems do, however, not allow the modeler to express uncertainty with respect to the design of the considered system. In this paper, we propose a formalism, the Predictive, Probabilistic Architecture Modeling Framework (P-2 AMF), capable of advanced and probabilistically sound reasoning about architecture models given in the form of UML class and object diagrams. The proposed formalism is based on the object constraint language (OCL). To OCL, P-2 AMF adds a probabilistic inference mechanism. The paper introduces P(2)AMF, describes its use for system property prediction and assessment, and proposes an algorithm for probabilistic inference.

关键词： probabilistic inference system properties prediction object constraint language UML class diagram object diagram

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Statistical Machine Learning in Natural language Understanding: object constraint language Translator for Business Process

Statistical Machine Learning in Natural Language Understandi...

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International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling

作者： Zhao, Li Li, Feng ChangChun Univ Dept Mech Changchun Peoples R China IBM China Res Ctr Anal & Optimizat Dept Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424435296

Natural language is used to represent human thoughts and human actions. Business rules described by natural language are very hard for machine to understand. In order to let machine know the business rules, parts of business process, we need to translate them into a language which machine can understand. object constraint language is one of those languages. In this paper we present a statistical machine learning method to understand the natural business rules and then translate them into object constraint language. Subsequently a translation algorithm for business process modeling is also provided. A real case, air cargo load planning process is proposed to illustrate the efficiency and effective of the method and the algorithm. The result has shown that this method and algorithm enrich business process modeling technology and enhance the efficiency of software developers, in business process modeling.

关键词： object constraint language Statistical Machine Translation Business Process

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Statistical Machine Learning in Natural language Understanding:object constraint language Translator for Business Process

Statistical Machine Learning in Natural Language Understandi...

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2008 IEEE International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling Workshop(KAM 2008)

作者： Li Zhao Department of Mechanism ChangChun University ChangChun,P.R.ChinaFeng Li Analytics and Optimization Department IBM China Research Laboratory Beijing,P.R.China

Natural language is used to represent human thoughts and human *** rules described by natural language are very hard for machine to *** order to let machine know the business rules,parts of business process,we need to translate them into a language which machine can *** constraint language is one of those *** this paper we present a statistical machine learning method to understand the natural business rules and then translate them into object constraint *** a translation algorithm for business process modeling is also provided.A real case,air cargo load planning process is proposed to illustrate the efficiency and effective of the method and the *** result has shown that this method and algorithm enrich business process modeling technology and enhance the efficiency of software developers in business process modeling.

关键词： object constraint language Statistical Machine Translation Business Process

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A framework for improving quality in misuse case models

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BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT JOURNAL 2012年第2期18卷 168-196页

作者： El-Attar, Mohamed King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals Informat & Comp Sci Dept Dhahran Saudi Arabia

Purpose - Security is a vital requirement for software systems. Misuse case models allow system designers to inject security considerations within their designs early in the development cycle rather than patching an end system with security mechanisms after it was developed. The notation and syntactical rules of misuse case models are relatively simple. However, misuse case modeling practitioners are highly vulnerable to modeling pitfalls, creating defective models that can have catastrophic effects downstream in the development cycle. This paper seeks to present a framework that unitizes antipatterns to help remedy defective misuse case models and poor modeling practices. Design/methodology/approach - A repository of antipatterns was constructed and formatted to be machine-readable whenever possible so that it can be utilized by the proposed framework. The feasibility of the proposed approach was then demonstrated using a real-world misuse case model of an online bookstore system. Findings - The results indicate that the overall quality and clarity of the bookstore misuse case model is improved by applying the proposed technique and framework. Research limitations/implications - This research work presents a series of domain-independent antipatterns. Users of this framework may be interested to develop domain-dependent antipatterns to better suit their modeling and development needs. Originality/value - The proposed approach will help misuse case modelers, especially novice ones, to improve the quality of their current models as well as future models.

关键词： Misuse cases Antipatterns Model quality UML object constraint language Quality improvement Data security Systems software

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A UML profile for the OBO relation ontology

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BMC GENOMICS 2012年第5-Sup期13卷 S3-S3页

作者： Guardia, Gabriela D. A. Vencio, Ricardo Z. N. de Farias, Clever R. G. Univ Sao Paulo Dept Comp Sci & Math DCM FFCLRP Monte Alegre Ribeirao Pr SP Brazil

Background: Ontologies have increasingly been used in the biomedical domain, which has prompted the emergence of different initiatives to facilitate their development and integration. The Open Biological and Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) Foundry consortium provides a repository of life-science ontologies, which are developed according to a set of shared principles. This consortium has developed an ontology called OBO Relation Ontology aiming at standardizing the different types of biological entity classes and associated relationships. Since ontologies are primarily intended to be used by humans, the use of graphical notations for ontology development facilitates the capture, comprehension and communication of knowledge between its users. However, OBO Foundry ontologies are captured and represented basically using text-based notations. The Unified Modeling language (UML) provides a standard and widely-used graphical notation for modeling computer systems. UML provides a well-defined set of modeling elements, which can be extended using a built-in extension mechanism named Profile. Thus, this work aims at developing a UML profile for the OBO Relation Ontology to provide a domain-specific set of modeling elements that can be used to create standard UML-based ontologies in the biomedical domain. Results: We have studied the OBO Relation Ontology, the UML metamodel and the UML profiling mechanism. Based on these studies, we have proposed an extension to the UML metamodel in conformance with the OBO Relation Ontology and we have defined a profile that implements the extended metamodel. Finally, we have applied the proposed UML profile in the development of a number of fragments from different ontologies. Particularly, we have considered the Gene Ontology (GO), the PRotein Ontology (PRO) and the Xenopus Anatomy and Development Ontology (XAO). Conclusions: The use of an established and well-known graphical language in the development of biomedical ontologies provides a more

关键词： Gene Ontology Unify Modeling language object constraint language Unify Modeling language Modeling Biomedical Ontology

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Precise design of environmental data warehouses

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Operational Research 2010年第3期10卷 349-369页

作者： Pinet, François Schneider, Michel Cemagref 63172 Aubière Cedex 24 Avenue des Landais France Blaise Pascal University LIMOS Clermont Ferrand France

People use data warehouses to help them make decisions. For example, public policy decision-makers can improve their decisions by using this technology to analyze the environmental effects of human activity. In production systems, data warehouses provide structures for extracting the knowledge required to optimize systems. Designing data warehouses is a complex task;designers need flexible and precise methods to help them create data warehouses and adapt their analysis criteria to developments in the decision-making process. In this paper, we introduce a flexible method based on UML (Unified Modeling language). We introduce a UML profile for building multi-dimensional models and for choosing different criteria according to analysis requirements. This profile makes it possible to specify integrity constraints in OCL (object constraint language). We apply our method to the construction of an environmental system for analyzing the use of certain agricultural fertilizers. We integrate various data sources into a multi-dimensional model showing several categories of analysis, and the consistency of data can be checked with OCL constraints. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Agriculture Data warehouse Decision support system Environmental data object constraint language Unified Modeling language

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An Aspect-Based Approach to Checking Design constraints at Run-time

An Aspect-Based Approach to Checking Design Constraints at R...

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6th International Conference on Information Technology - New Generations (ITNG 2009)

作者： Cheon, Yoonsik Avila, Carmen Roach, Steve Munoz, Cuauhtemoc Estrada, Neith Fierro, Valeria Romo, Jessica Univ Texas El Paso Dept Comp Sci El Paso TX 79968 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424437702

Design decisions and constraints of a software system can be specified precisely using a formal notation such as the object constraint language (OCL). However they are not executable, and assuring the conformance of an implementation to its design is hard. The inability of expressing design constraints in an implementation and checking them at runtime invites, among others, the problem of design drift and corrosion. We propose runtime checks as a solution to mitigate this problem. The key idea of our approach is to translate design constraints written in a formal notation such as OCL into aspects that, when applied to a particular implementation, check the constraints at run-time. Our approach enables runtime verification of design-implementation conformance and detects design corrosion. The approach is modular and plug-and-playable;the constraint checking logic is completely separated from the implementation modules which are oblivious of the former We believe that a significant portion of constraints translation can be automated.

关键词： runtime checking class invariants pre and postconditions object constraint language AspectJ

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A Diagrammatic Formalisation of MOF-Based Modelling languages

A Diagrammatic Formalisation of MOF-Based Modelling Language...

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47th TOOLS EUROPE International Conference 2009

作者： Rutle, Adrian Rossini, Alessandro Lamo, Yngve Wolter, Uwe Bergen Univ Coll POB 7030 N-5020 Bergen Norway Univ Bergen N-5020 Bergen Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9783642025709

In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) models are the primary artefacts of the software development process. The usage of these models have resulted in the introduction of a variety of modelling languages and frameworks. Many of these languages and frameworks are based on the object Management Group's (OMG) Meta-object Facility (MOF). In addition to their diagrammatic syntax, these languages use the object constraint language to specify constraints that are difficult to specify diagrammatically. In this paper, we argue for a completely diagrammatic specification framework for MDE, where by diagrammatic we mean specification techniques which are targeting graph-based structures. We introduce the Diagram Predicate Framework, which provides a formal diagrammatic approach to modelling based on category theory - the mathematics of graph-based structures. The development of a generic and flexible formalisation of metamodelling is the main contribution of the paper. We illustrate our approach through the formalisation of the kernel of the Eclipse Modeling Framework.

关键词： Model-Driven Engineering Meta-object Facility Unified Modeling language object constraint language Eclipse Modeling Framework Diagram Predicate Framework diagrammatic specification

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Analyzing and managing role-based access control policies

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING 2008年第7期20卷 924-939页

作者： Sohr, Karsten Drouineaud, Michael Ahn, Gail-Joon Gogolla, Martin Univ Bremen Ctr Comp Technol D-28359 Bremen Germany Arizona State Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Ira A Fulton Sch Engn Tempe AZ 85281 USA

Today, more and more sensitive data is stored on computer systems;security-critical business processes are mapped to their digital counterparts. This situation applies to institutes that have different security requirements, such as the healthcare industry, digital government, and financial service institutes. Authorization constraints help the policy architect design and express higher level organizational rules. Although the importance of authorization constraints has been addressed in the literature, a systematic way to verify and validate authorization constraints does not exist. In this paper, we specify both nontemporal and history-based authorization constraints in the object constraint language (OCL) and first-order linear temporal logic (LTL). Based upon these specifications, we attempt to formally verify role-based access control policies with the help of a theorem prover and to validate policies with the UML-based Specification Environment ( USE) system, a validation tool for OCL constraints. We also describe an authorization engine, which supports the enforcement of authorization constraints.

关键词： role-based access control policy authorization constraints linear temporal logic object constraint language

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A Lightweight Approach for the Semantic Validation of Model Refinements

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ELECTRONIC NOTES IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2008年第1期220卷 43-61页

作者： Pons, Claudia Garcia, Diego Univ Nacl La Plata Fac Informat LIFIA Buenos Aires DF Argentina

Model Driven Engineering proposes the use of models at different levels of abstraction. Step by step validation of model refinements is necessary to guarantee the correctness of the final product with respect to its initial models. But, given that accurate validation activities require the application of formal modeling languages with a complex syntax and semantics and need to use complex formal analysis tools, they are rarely used in practice. In this article we describe a lightweight validation approach that does not require the use of third-party (formal) languages. The approach makes use of the standard OCL as the only visible formalism, so that refinements can be checked by using tools that are fully understood by the MDE community. Additionally, for the efficient evaluation of the refinement conditions a hybrid strategy that combines model checking, testing and theorem proving is implemented. Correctness and complexity of the proposal are empirically validated by means of the development of case studies and a comparison with the Alloy analyzer.

关键词： modeling refinement model transformation object constraint language OCL MOF UML validation testing model checking

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