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Aspect oriented Re-engineering of Legacy Software Using Cross-Cutting Concern Characterization and Significant Code Smells Detection

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING 2016年第3期26卷 513-536页

作者： Shaikh, Mohsin Lee, Chan-Gun Chung Ang Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn 221 Hueksueok Seoul 156756 South Korea

Although object-oriented programming (OOP) methodologies immensely promote reusable and well-factored decomposition of complex source code, legacy software systems often show symptoms of deteriorating design over time due to lack of maintenance. Software systems may have different business and application contexts, but most of these systems require similar maintenance mechanism of understanding, analysis and transformation. As a consequence, intensive re-engineering efforts based on the model driven approach can be effective ensuring that best practices are followed during maintenance and eventually reducing the development cost. In this paper, we suggest detailed framework of re-engineering which includes: (i) rigorous and automated source code analysis technique for identification, characterization and prioritization of most prominent and threatening design flaws in legacy software, (ii) migration of existing the code to aspect-oriented programming (AOP) code by exploiting current state of art for aspect mining mechanism and incorporating behavioral knowledge of cross-cutting concerns. To exemplify how the approach works a case study has been conducted to experimentally validate the idea and analyze the effect of process on specific software quality spectrum. An explicit analysis of prevalent work on the subject and their critical reviews are also presented to further enhance the recognition of proposed re-engineering framework.

关键词： Aspect-oriented programming code smells object-oriented programming characterization of cross-cutting concerns re-factoring formal concept analysis

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A tutorial-driven introduction to the parallel finite element library FEMPAR v1.0.0

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COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS 2020年第0期248卷 107059-000页

作者： Badia, Santiago Martin, Alberto F. Monash Univ Sch Math Clayton Vic 3800 Australia Ctr Int Metodes Numer Enginyeria Esteve Terrades 5 E-08860 Castelldefels Spain Univ Politecn Cataluna Jordi Girona 1-3Edifici C1 E-08034 Barcelona Spain

This work is a user guide to the FEMPAR scientific software library. FEMPAR is an open-source object-oriented framework for the simulation of partial differential equations (PDEs) using finite element methods on distributed-memory platforms. It provides a rich set of tools for numerical discretization and built-in scalable solvers for the resulting linear systems of equations. An application expert that wants to simulate a PDE-governed problem has to extend the framework with a description of the weak form of the PDE at hand (and additional perturbation terms for non-conforming approximations). We show how to use the library by going through three different tutorials. The first tutorial simulates a linear PDE (Poisson equation) in a serial environment for a structured mesh using both continuous and discontinuous Galerkin finite element methods. The second tutorial extends it with adaptive mesh refinement on octree meshes. The third tutorial is a distributed-memory version of the previous one that combines a scalable octree handler and a scalable domain decomposition solver. The exposition is restricted to linear PDEs and simple geometries to keep it concise. The interested user can dive into more tutorials available in the FEMPAR public repository to learn about further capabilities of the library, e.g., nonlinear PDEs and nonlinear solvers, time integration, multi-field PDEs, block preconditioning, or unstructured mesh handling. Program summary Program Title: FEMPAR Program Files doi: http://***/10.17632/dtx487wp57.1 Licensing provisions: GNU General Public License 3 programming language: MPI, Fortran2003/2008 (object-oriented programming features) Nature of problem: Computational simulation of a broad range of large-scale application problems governed by Partial Differential Equations Solution method: Arbitrary-order grad-, curl-, and div-conforming finite elements on n-cube and n-simplex meshes. Continuous and Discontinuous Galerkin FEM. Adaptive Mesh Refi

关键词： Mathematical software Finite elements object-oriented programming Partial Differential Equations

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GENASIS MATHEMATICS: object-oriented manifolds, operations, and solvers for large-scale physics simulations (version 2)

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COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS 2023年 282卷

作者： Cardall, Christian Y. Budiardja, Reuben D. Oak Ridge Natl Lab Div Phys Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA Oak Ridge Natl Lab Natl Ctr Computat Sci POB 2009 Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA

GENASIS Mathematics provides modern Fortran classes furnishing extensible object-oriented function-ality for the solution of fields governed by selected partial differential equations. The initial release included extensible object-oriented implementations of simple meshes and the evolution of generic con-served currents thereon. This revision-Version 2 of Mathematics-includes significant reorganization and streamlining of these classes, higher-order reconstruction by a different method, a Poisson solver, coarsening to avoid Courant time step limitations near coordinate singularities, and the offloading of computational kernels to GPUs. New version program summary Program Title: HomogeneousSpheroid, RectangularContraction, RectangularExpansion, SphericalContraction, SphericalExpansion (example problems illustrating GenASiS Mathematics) CPC Library link to program files: https://***/10.17632/mzvxngwtw6.2 Developer's repository link: https://***/GenASiS Code Ocean capsule: https://***/capsule/4106782 Licensing provisions: GPLv3 programming language: Modern Fortran;OpenMP (tested with recent versions of GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), Cray Compiler Environment (CCE), IBM XL Fortran compiler) Journal reference of previous version: Computer Physics Communications 222 (2018) 384 Does the new version supersede the previous version?: Yes Reasons for the new version: This version includes significant reorganization and streamlining, higher-order reconstruction by a different method, a Poisson solver, coarsening to avoid Courant time step limitations near coordinate singularities, and the offloading of computational kernels to GPUs. Summary of revisions: The left part of Fig. 1 shows the revised structure of GenASiS Mathematics. The Algebra and Calculus divisions contain relatively simple stand-alone functionality for such tasks as root finding, interpolation, numerical integration, and the solution of ordinary differential equations. The major functionali

关键词： Simulation framework object-oriented programming Modern fortran GPU-accelerated simulation OpenMP offload Partial differential equations Meshing Conservation laws

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A formal mapping from object-Z specification to C plus plus code

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SCIENTIA IRANICA 2013年第6期20卷 1953-1977页

作者： Najafi, M. Haghighi, H. Shahid Beheshti Univ Fac Elect & Comp Engn Tehran Iran

object-Z is an extension of Z which provides specific constructs to facilitate specification in an object-oriented style. A number of contributions have been made so far to animate object-Z with various object-oriented programming languages. However, none of the existing animation methods present their mapping rules formally. Also, none of these animation methods prove the correctness of their mapping rules. In our previous work, we informally presented an animation method to map object-Z specifications into C++ code. In this paper, we propose a formal mapping from object-Z specifications to C++ code. We also prove the correctness of the given mapping rules. (C) 2013 Sharif University of Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Formal program development object-oriented programming Animation object-Z C plus

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A Java typestate checker supporting inheritance

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SCIENCE OF COMPUTER programming 2022年 221卷

作者： Bacchiani, Lorenzo Bravetti, Mario Giunti, Marco Mota, Joao Ravara, Antonio Univ Bologna Bologna Italy INRIA Focus Team Paris France NOVA LINCS Costa Da Caparica Portugal NOVA Sch Sci & Technol Caparica Portugal

Detecting programming errors in software is increasingly important, and building tools that help developers with this task is a crucial area of investigation on which the industry depends. Leveraging on the observation that in object-oriented programming (OOP) it is natural to define stateful objects where the safe use of methods depends on their internal state, we present Java Typestate Checker (JATYC), a tool that verifies Java source code with respect to typestates. A typestate defines the object's states, the methods that can be called in each state, and the states resulting from the calls. The tool statically verifies that when a Java program runs: sequences of method calls obey to object's protocols;objects' protocols are completed;null-pointer exceptions are not raised;subclasses' instances respect the protocol of their superclasses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first OOP tool that simultaneously tackles all these aspects. (C) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Behavioral types object-oriented programming Subtyping Type-checking Typestates

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Range Space and Similarity Transformation Using Symbolic Mathematics in Python

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IEEE ACCESS 2024年 12卷 182788-182798页

作者： Wisassakwichai, Chainarong Phaochoo, Prasert Rajamangala Univ Technol Krungthep Fac Engn Div Elect Engn Bangkok 10120 Thailand Rajamangala Univ Technol Krungthep Fac Sci & Technol Div Math Bangkok 10120 Thailand

Linear systems involved in engineering and scientific calculations can be more easily analyzed using similarity transformation. However, understanding the numerous abstract linear algebra theorems associated with this transformation can be challenging. This paper proposes a systematic approach to organizing these theorems using SymPy, a symbolic mathematics library in Python, and develops an innovative Python module that leverages SymPy. It covers important theorems, including vector space basis, range space, null space, rank and nullity, eigenvalues, generalized eigenvectors, eigenspaces, and diagonal-Jordan canonical form transformations. These theorems are transformed into abstract data models and represented as programmatic objects using object-oriented programming to process input and output data. Two classes, 'rangeSpace' and 'similarTrnsfrm,' were created to handle computations related to range space and similarity transformation, respectively. The effectiveness of these classes has been validated through numerical results, which, when compared to MATLAB functions (null(), pinv(), sym(), and jordan()), demonstrate that the exact symbolic solutions from both classes significantly improve numerical precision for selected application examples from numerical algorithms, power systems and linear algebra. These classes have been uploaded to GitHub as open-source code, providing a versatile Python module that can be used for programming both offline on PCs and online through the web application "SymPy Live," producing satisfactory results even on mobile devices. This user-friendly module enables electrical engineering students and professionals to easily apply abstract linear algebra theorems to practical problems, facilitating computer-based solutions for linear systems that are consistent with analytical results.

关键词： Null space Vectors Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Covariance matrices Python Mathematical models programming profession Principal component analysis Mobile handsets Linear systems Similarity transformation linear algebra symbolic mathematics SymPy object-oriented programming

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HERAS: A Modular Matlab Tool Using Physical Optics for the Analysis of Reflector Antennas

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SENSORS 2023年第3期23卷 1425页

作者： Baldominos, Alejandro Mercader-Pellicer, Salvador Goussetis, George Mengali, Alberto Fonseca, Nelson J. G. Heriot Watt Univ Inst Sensors Signals & Syst Edinburgh EH14 4AS Scotland European Space Agcy Antenna & Submillimetre Waves Sect NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk Netherlands European Space Agcy Telecom Syst & Tech Sect NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk Netherlands

HERAS is a tool developed in Matlab for the analysis of reflector antennas using physical optics (PO) theory. Its graphical user interface (GUI) and source code are freely available for educational and research purposes. It has the necessity of being a flexible tool to provide adaptability to system engineering requirements and can also be of interest to antenna engineers working on the design of reflector antennas. Due to the increasing demand of broadband services, satellite communications systems are becoming highly complex in order to meet connectivity requirements. To fully exploit the benefits of these systems, multidimensional optimisations are crucial, which call for an efficient estimation of the coverage characteristics. Reflector-based solutions are one of the preferred architectures for very high-throughput satellite (VHTS) systems. A detailed description of HERAS is presented in this paper which has been validated with available commercial software packages. In addition, some examples are described in which the tool has been used for the efficient estimation of VHTS systems performance.

关键词： physical optics reflector antennas object-oriented programming multi-beam antennas

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Realization of multimethods in single dispatch object oriented languages

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ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES 2005年第5期40卷 18-27页

作者： Kumar, R Agrawal, V Mangolia, A Indian Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Kharagpur 721302 W Bengal India

The need for multimethods is preeminent in the domain of object-oriented programming. However, multimethods are far from universally acknowledged. Commonly used languages - C++, Java & C# - are single dispatching languages. In this paper, we demonstrate the alternatives for multimethods in such languages. The techniques discussed, in this paper, include double dispatching (a well known technique), technique of message dispatching using RTTI (explored in detail by us in this paper), and reflection (a feature provided by some compilers). We implement these techniques for C++, Java and C# languages and discuss issues associated with encapsulating multimethods in single dispatch languages. We also compare techniques in terms of their efficiency, ease of (re)use and type safety.

关键词： object-oriented programming message dispatch single dispatch multiple dispatch multimethods

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A New Software Approach for the Simulation of Multibody Dynamics

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND NONLINEAR DYNAMICS 2007年第3期2卷 274-278页

作者： Vlasenko, Dmitry Kasper, Roland Univ Magdeburg IMS D-39106 Magdeburg Germany

This paper introduces a new modular software approach combining symbolical and numerical methods for the simulation of the dynamics of mechanical systems. It is based on an exact, noniterative object-oriented algorithm, which is applicable to mechanisms with any joint type and any any topology, including branches and kinematic loops. The simulation of big well-partitioned systems has complexity O(N), where N is the total number of simulated bodies. A new design software Virtual System Designer (VSD) integrates this method with the three-dimensional computer aided design tool Autodesk Inventor, which minimizes the cost of the development of models and the training of design engineers. The most time-expensive routine of the simulation process in VSD is the calculation of the accelerations of each body, which needs to find the roots of matrix equations. Accounting for the sparsity of matrices can significantly improve the numerical efficiency of the routine. The preprocessing module, developed using Maple software, performs the symbolic simplification of the matrix multiplications and QR decomposition's procedures. The new coordinate projection method is demonstrated. The results of the simulation of the dynamics of a double insulator chain example show the method's stability and effectiveness.

关键词： digital simulation object-oriented programming mathematics computing matrix multiplication mechanical engineering computing

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Optimization of Change Order Management Process with object-oriented Discrete Event Simulation: Case Study

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JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 2016年第4期142卷 05015018-05015018页

作者： Du, Jing El-Gafy, Mohamed Zhao, Dong Texas A&M Univ Dept Construct Sci Francis Hall 3333137 TAMU College Stn TX 77843 USA Michigan State Univ Sch Planning Design & Construct 552 W Circle Dr E Lansing MI 48824 USA

Change orders are common to most construction projects. They can significantly increase project cost and duration, leading to more claims and disputes and ultimately creating an adversarial relationship among project members. Evidence has shown that a contributing factor to the inefficiency of change order management is the management process utilized in most construction projects, which always relates to suboptimal allocation of resources and unnecessary procedures. Discrete event simulation (DES) provides an effective approach to streamline the change order management process by evaluating a series of improvement options. Based on a comparison of two prevailing DES paradigms, activity scanning (AS) and process interaction (PI), this paper presents an object-oriented DES model to investigate the change order management process. A case study has been performed to investigate the change order management process at a Midwestern land-grant university with the proposed simulation model, where the bottlenecks of as-is process have been identified and improved. The developed model employs PI paradigm rather than AS paradigm because the former is capable of capturing the real time state changes of change orders. Sensitivity analysis (SA) is also applied to examine the quantitative impacts of changeable variables to evaluate improvement options. The results indicate that PI paradigm outperforms AS in the investigation of change order management process. It is also expected that the developed model provides an optimization tool to support change order management.

关键词： Change order Process interaction Activity scanning Discrete event simulation object-oriented programming Sensitivity analysis Quantitative methods

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