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Optimization of Change Order Management Process with object-oriented Discrete Event Simulation: Case Study

JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 2016年第4期142卷 05015018-05015018页

作者： Du, Jing El-Gafy, Mohamed Zhao, Dong Texas A&M Univ Dept Construct Sci Francis Hall 3333137 TAMU College Stn TX 77843 USA Michigan State Univ Sch Planning Design & Construct 552 W Circle Dr E Lansing MI 48824 USA

Change orders are common to most construction projects. They can significantly increase project cost and duration, leading to more claims and disputes and ultimately creating an adversarial relationship among project members. Evidence has shown that a contributing factor to the inefficiency of change order management is the management process utilized in most construction projects, which always relates to suboptimal allocation of resources and unnecessary procedures. Discrete event simulation (DES) provides an effective approach to streamline the change order management process by evaluating a series of improvement options. Based on a comparison of two prevailing DES paradigms, activity scanning (AS) and process interaction (PI), this paper presents an object-oriented DES model to investigate the change order management process. A case study has been performed to investigate the change order management process at a Midwestern land-grant university with the proposed simulation model, where the bottlenecks of as-is process have been identified and improved. The developed model employs PI paradigm rather than AS paradigm because the former is capable of capturing the real time state changes of change orders. Sensitivity analysis (SA) is also applied to examine the quantitative impacts of changeable variables to evaluate improvement options. The results indicate that PI paradigm outperforms AS in the investigation of change order management process. It is also expected that the developed model provides an optimization tool to support change order management.

关键词： Change order Process interaction Activity scanning Discrete event simulation object-oriented programming Sensitivity analysis Quantitative methods

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Cloud-Based BIM Governance Platform Requirements and Specifications: Software Engineering Approach Using BPMN and UML

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 2016年第4期30卷 04015063-04015063页

作者： Alreshidi, Eissa Mourshed, Monjur Rezgui, Yacine Cardiff Univ Sch Engn 14-17 Parade Cardiff CF24 3AA S Glam Wales Hail Univ Sch Comp Sci POB 2440 Hail Saudi Arabia Cardiff Univ Sch Engn Sustainable Engn 14-17 Parade Cardiff CF24 3AA S Glam Wales Cardiff Univ Sch Engn BRE Inst Sustainable Engn 14-17 Parade Cardiff CF24 3AA S Glam Wales

Utilization of cloud technologies has recently attained a profile in building information modeling (BIM). Many studies have investigated the potential role of cloud in facilitating the use of BIM in the construction domain. In addition, recent studies have focused on the role of cloud in facilitating team collaboration across a building's lifecycle by applying a BIM governance model. The lack of a suitable means for the governance of collaboration and for the access and archival of data has been cited as the key barrier for the widespread adoption of collaborative BIM environments. This study, therefore, investigates the requirements for BIM governance and develops specifications for a cloud-based BIM governance platform (GovernBIM). The study also uses findings from wide consultation in combination with software engineering approaches using business process model notation (BPMN) and unified modeling language (UML) to define the platform's requirements and specifications. This platform also aims to provide a computerized solution for overall BIM governance solution to facilitate team collaboration and mange generated BIM data during a project's lifecycle. This ensures that data is consistent, available, and hosted in a scalable storage environment with high performance computing capabilities. The results from this study (1)define functional, nonfunctional, and domain-specific requirements for developing a GovernBIM platform;(2)develop a set of BPMN diagrams to describe the internal and external business procedures of the GovernBIM platform lifecycle for setting, configuring, managing, and using a GovernBIM platform;(3)evaluate several fundamental UML use cases for the adoption of the GovernBIM platform;(4)present a core BIM governance model (UML class diagram) to present the internal structure of the GovernBIM platform;and (5)provide a well-structured, cloud-based architecture to develop the GovernBIM platform for practical implementation.

关键词： Building information modeling (BIM) Building information modeling (BIM) governance Cloud computing Building information modeling (BIM) governance platform object-oriented programming Business process model notation (BPMN) Unified modeling language (UML)

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Development of a Component-Based Modeling Framework for Agricultural Water-Resource Management

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WATER 2016年第8期8卷 351-351页

作者： Kang, Moon-Seong Srivastava, Puneet Song, Jung-Hun Park, Jihoon Her, Younggu Kim, Sang Min Song, Inhong Seoul Natl Univ Dept Rural Syst Engn Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Res Inst Agr & Life Sci Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Inst Green Bio Sci & Technol Seoul 08826 South Korea Auburn Univ Dept Biosyst Engn Auburn AL 36849 USA Univ Florida Dept Agr & Biol Engn Homestead FL 33186 USA Univ Florida Trop Res & Educ Ctr Homestead FL 33186 USA Gyeongsang Natl Univ Dept Agr Engn Inst Agr & Life Sci Jinju 52828 South Korea

Because hydrologic responses of an agricultural watershed are influenced by many natural and man-made factors including pond/reservoir, management practices, and/or irrigation/drainage, strategies of hydrological modeling for the watershed must be case-dependent and thus carefully designed to effectively reflect their roles as critical hydrologic components in simulation processes. In this study, we propose a component-based modeling framework that accommodates a flexible modeling approach to consider a variety of hydrologic processes and management practices, especially irrigation-reservoir operation and paddy-farming practices, in watershed-scale modeling. The objectives of this study are twofold: to develop a COmponent-based Modeling Framework for Agricultural water-Resources Management (COMFARM) using an object-oriented programming technique, and to evaluate its applicability as a modeling tool to predict the responses of an agricultural watershed characterized with diverse land uses in a case study. COMFARM facilitates quick and easy development of watershed-specific hydrologic models by providing multiple interchangeable simulation routines for each hydrologic component considered. COMFARM is developed with the JAVA programming language, using Eclipse software. The framework developed in this study is applied to simulating hydrologic processes of the Seon-Am irrigation-district watershed consisting primarily of reservoir-irrigated rice paddies in South Korea. The application study clearly demonstrates the applicability of the framework as a convenient method to build models for hydrologic simulation of an agricultural watershed. The newly developed modeling framework, COMFARM is expected to serve as a useful tool in watershed management planning by allowing quick development of case-oriented analysis tools and evaluation of management scenarios customized to a specific watershed.

关键词： COMFARM agricultural water resources modeling system object-oriented programming

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On piggyback runtime monitoring of object-oriented programs

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 2015年第2期17卷 125-142页

作者： Halle, Sylvain Vallet, Jason Tremblay-Lessard, Raphael Univ Quebec Chicoutimi Lab Informat Formelle Chicoutimi PQ Canada

A runtime monitor enforcing a constraint on sequences of method calls on an object involves the implementation of an independent piece of code called a monitor. This monitor intercepts relevant events in the program and must keep track of the state of the sequence by updating an appropriate state machine. The present paper stems from the observation that an object's member fields must already contain an encoding of that state machine and that a monitor essentially duplicates operations that the object performs internally. Rather than maintaining a state machine in parallel, the paper puts forward the concept of "piggyback" runtime monitoring, where the monitor relies as much as possible on the object's own state variables to perform its task. Experiments on real-world benchmarks show that this approach greatly simplifies the monitoring process and drastically reduces the incurred runtime overhead compared to classical solutions.

关键词： Runtime monitoring Preconditions Interface contract object-oriented programming

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GENASIS Basics: object-oriented utilitarian functionality for large-scale physics simulations

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COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS 2015年 196卷 506-534页

作者： Cardall, Christian Y. Budiardja, Reuben D. Oak Ridge Natl Lab Div Phys Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA Univ Tennessee Dept Phys & Astron Knoxville TN 37996 USA Univ Tennessee Natl Inst Computat Sci Knoxville TN 37996 USA

Aside from numerical algorithms and problem setup, large-scale physics simulations on distributed-memory supercomputers require more basic utilitarian functionality, such as physical units and constants;display to the screen or standard output device;message passing;I/O to disk;and runtime parameter management and usage statistics. Here we describe and make available Fortran 2003 classes furnishing extensible object-oriented implementations of this sort of rudimentary functionality, along with individual 'unit test' programs and larger example problems demonstrating their use. These classes compose the Basics division of our developing astrophysics simulation code GsNASIS (General Astrophysical Simulation System), but their fundamental nature makes them useful for physics simulations in many fields. Program summary Program title: GENASIS Catalogue identifier: AEXE_v1_0 Program summary URL: http://***/summaries/AEXE_v1_*** Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: Creative Commons Attribution - Non Commercial - ShareALike 4.0 International No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 32863 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 148873 Distribution format: *** programming language: Fortran 2003 (tested with gfortran 4.9.2, Intel Fortran 15, NAG Fortan 5.3.1, Cray Compiler 8.2.5). Computer: PC, cluster, supercomputer. Operating system: Linux, Unix. RAM: For example problems, depends on user-specified problem size and number of processes. The fluid dynamics problems with 128(3) cells on 8 processes use about 300 MB per process. The molecular dynamics problems with 6912 particles on 12 processes use about 20 MB per process. Classification: 4.14, 6.5, 20. External routines: MPI [1] and Silo [2] Nature of problem: By way of illustrating GENASIS Basics functionality, solve example fluid dynamics and molecular dynamics problems. Solution method: Fo

关键词： Simulation framework object-oriented programming Fortran 2003

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EVL: A framework for multi-methods in C plus

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SCIENCE OF COMPUTER programming 2015年第Part4期98卷 531-550页

作者： Le Goc, Yannick Donze, Alexandre Inst Laue Langevin F-38042 Grenoble 9 France Univ Calif Berkeley Dept EECS Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Multi-methods are functions whose calls at runtime are resolved depending on the dynamic types of more than one argument. They are useful for common programming problems. However, while many languages provide different mechanisms to implement them in one way or another, there is still, to the best of our knowledge, no library or language feature that handles them in a general and flexible way. In this paper, we present the EVL (Extended Virtual function Library) framework which provides a set of classes in C++ aiming at solving this problem. The EVL framework provides a generalization of virtual function dispatch through the number of dimensions and the selection of the function to invoke using a so-called Function Comparison Operator. Our library provides both symmetric and asymmetric dispatch algorithms that can be refined by the programmer to include criteria other than class inheritance. For instance, the EVL framework provides multi-methods with predicate dispatch by defining a dedicated FCO based not only on the dynamic types of the arguments but also on their values. This flexibility greatly helps to resolve ambiguities without having to define new functions. Our multi-methods also unify dispatch tables and caching by introducing cache strategies for which the implementation is a balance between memory and speed. To define multi-methods in C++, we implement a non-intrusive reflection library providing fast dynamic casting and supporting dynamic class loading. Our multi-methods are policy-based class templates that support virtual but not repeated inheritance. They check the type compatibility of functions at compile-time, preserve type-safety and resolve function calls at runtime by invoking the cache or updating it by computing the selected function for the requested tuple of types. By default, our multi-methods handle dispatch errors at runtime by throwing exceptions but an error-code strategy can be set up by defining a dedicated policy class. Performance

关键词： Multi-methods Multiple dispatch Runtime type information object-oriented programming C plus

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SIMPEG: An open source framework for simulation and gradient based parameter estimation in geophysical applications

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COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES 2015年第PartA期85卷 142-154页

作者： Cockett, Rowan Kang, Seogi Heagy, Lindsey J. Pidlisecky, Adam Oldenburg, Douglas W. Univ British Columbia Geophys Invers Facil Vancouver BC V5Z 1M9 Canada Univ Calgary Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada

Inverse modeling is a powerful tool for extracting information about the subsurface from geophysical data. Geophysical inverse problems are inherently multidisciplinary, requiring elements from the relevant physics, numerical simulation, and optimization, as well as knowledge of the geologic setting, and a comprehension of the interplay between all of these elements. The development and advancement of inversion methodologies can be enabled by a framework that supports experimentation, is flexible and extensible, and allows the knowledge generated to be captured and shared. The goal of this paper is to propose a framework that supports many different types of geophysical forward simulations and deterministic inverse problems. Additionally, we provide an open source implementation of this framework in Python called SIMPEG (Simulation and Parameter Estimation in Geophysics, http://***). Included in SIMPEG are staggered grid, mimetic finite volume discretizations on a number of structured and semi-structured meshes, convex optimization programs, inversion routines, model parameterizations, useful utility codes, and interfaces to standard numerical solver packages. The framework and implementation are modular, allowing the user to explore, experiment with, and iterate over a variety of approaches to the inverse problem. SIMPEG provides an extensible, documented, and well-tested framework for inverting many types of geophysical data and thereby helping to answer questions in geoscience applications. Throughout the paper we use a generic direct current resistivity problem to illustrate the framework and functionality of SIMPEG. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Geophysics Numerical modeling Inversion Electromagnetics Sensitivities object-oriented programming

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Code modernization and modularization of APEX and SWAT watershed simulation models

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第3期8卷 81-94页

作者： Robin A.J.Taylor Jaehak Jeong Michael White Jeffrey G.Arnold Blackland Research&Extension Center Texas A&M AgriLife ResearchTempleTexas 76502USA Grassland Soil&Water Research Laboratory USDA-ARS TempleTexas 76502USA

SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)and APEX(Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender)are respectively large and small watershed simulation models derived from EPIC(Environmental Policy Integrated Climate),a field-scale agroecology simulation *** three models are coded in Fortran and have evolved over several *** are widely used to analyze anthropogenic influences on soil and water quality and *** of the original Fortran code has been retained even though Fortran has been through several cycles of *** now provides functionality originally restricted to languages like C,designed to communicate directly with the operating system and *** can now use an object-oriented style of programming in Fortran,including inheritance,run-time polymorphism and *** order to enhance their utility in research and policy-making,the models are undergoing a major revision to use some of the new Fortran *** these new programming paradigms the developers of SWAT,APEX,and EPIC are working to make communication between the two models *** paper describes the ongoing revision of these models that will make them easier to use,maintain,modify and *** is intended that they will converge as they continue to evolution,while maintaining their distinctive features,capabilities and identities.

关键词： code modernization modularization object-oriented programming Fortran 2008 landscape-scale models APEX EPIC SWAT

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Engineering Ambient Intelligence Systems Using Agent Technology

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IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS 2015年第3期30卷 60-67页

作者： Spanoudakis, Nikolaos Moraitis, Pavlos Tech Univ Crete Sch Prod Engn & Management Iraklion Greece Paris Descartes Univ Lab Informat Paris Descartes LIPADE Paris France

This article shows how to model and implement an ambient intelligence (AmI) system using agent technology. The HERA project, undertaken by a consortium with members from academia as well as industry, applied the agent systems engineering methodology (ASEME), an agent-oriented software engineering approach, to develop a real-world system for the ambient assisted living application domain. This article focuses on the software architecture, along with the development method and validation results. The obtained results demonstrate the added value of agent technology use, along with how ASEME can be applied for modeling a real-world ambient intelligence system.

关键词： ambient intelligence assisted living object-oriented programming software agents software engineering ASEME AmI system agent systems engineering methodology agent-oriented software engineering ambient assisted living ambient intelligence system Ambient intelligence Analytical models Intelligent systems Multi-agent systems Unified modeling language ambient assisted living ambient intelligence healthcare intelligent agents intelligent systems methodologies multiagent systems software architectures

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Improving programming education through gameful, formative feedback

Improving programming education through gameful, formative f...

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IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference

作者： Markus Fuchs Christian Wolff Information Science Group University of Regensburg Media Informatics Group University of Regensburg

ISBN: (纸本)9781467386340

In this paper we present a newly developed online learning platform which introduces gamification elements into software engineering education. Starting from assumptions based on cognitive load theory we present the design of an online gamification-based training system to be used in software engineering contexts. Students can voluntarily solve challenges for which they may earn credits. These small problems serve as assessments;the approach follows the assessment for learning paradigm in that assessments provide formative feedback to enhance the learning experience. The combination of formative assessment and gamification is new to software engineering education. We describe system design as well as the different types of challenges in detail. We also provide several examples for actual challenges used in an object-oriented programming introduction using Java.

关键词： Learning Cognitive laod theory Gamification object-oriented programming Assessment for learning Java Online web-based self-assessment Introduction (Heading 1)

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