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39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society (IECON)

作者： Ribeiro, Luis Rocha, Andre Barata, Jose Univ Nova Lisboa Fac Ciencias & Tecnol Dep Eng Electrotecn CTSUninova P-2829516 Caparica Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781479902248

JADE is a multiagent-based framework widely used for prototyping agent-oriented mechatronic architectures. JADE's messaging performance is normally rated unsuitable for real time operation in a mechatronic context and there are a few papers in the literature backing up this claim. The author's share this view however the main purpose of this paper is to highlight that distinct message exchange coding patters influence the round trip time (RTT) of the messages quite substantially. The paper presents a comparative performance analysis, based on the RTT, of these coding patterns. The majority of the published tests is focused in the evaluation of the RTT when pairs of communicating agents are added to the platform. The analysis presented in this work is focused on the efficiency of each method as the responder agent receives messages continuously.

关键词： mechatronics multi-agent systems object-oriented programming software architecture software prototyping

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Modeling and Verification of Component-based Systems with Data Passing using BIP

Modeling and Verification of Component-based Systems with Da...

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18th International Conference on Engineering of Complex Computer Systems (ICECCS)

作者： Su, Chen Zhou, Min Yin, Liangze Wan, Hai Gu, Ming Tsinghua Univ Sch Software Tsinghua Natl Lab Informat Sci & Technol Key Lab Informat Syst SecurMinist Educ Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550077

Large-scale systems are often modeled and verified in a component-based way. BIP (Behavior, Interaction, Priority) is a flexible component-based framework which supports hierarchical design of heterogeneous systems. BIP components interact via connectors in which data can be passed among multiple components. It also support the modeling of time. Due to its expressiveness and flexibility, many real-time systems can be modeled easily in BIP. Verification, however, is not well supported in the current BIP framework. That is a major disadvantage when it is used in a model-driven design flow. To fill this gap, we propose a translation from slightly restricted BIP models to timed automata. Then model checking can be applied to the latter using UPPAAL (which is a sophisticated model checker for timed automata). The correctness of translation is proven formally and the translation is implemented as a tool BIP2UPPAAL. Three industrial case studies show that our approach is practical and effective.

关键词： automata theory formal verification object-oriented programming real-time systems

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Component-based Modeling and Code Synthesis for Cyclic Programs

Component-based Modeling and Code Synthesis for Cyclic Progr...

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IEEE 37th Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： Zhou, Min Wan, Hai Su, Chen Yin, Liangze Zhang, Lianyi He, Fei Gu, Ming Tsinghua Univ Sch Software Beijing 100084 Peoples R China MOE Key Lab Informat Syst Secur Beijing Peoples R China Tsinghua Natl Lab Informat Sci & Technol Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769549866

In many reactive systems, programs run cyclically. In each cycle, they check the current status and handle the business for a single step. The business logic has to be blasted to pieces, which violates the way that people are used to. Cyclic programs are difficult to develop and their reliability is hard to guarantee. To tackle these problems, we propose a model-based formal design flow which is more rigorous and rapid than the V-model. Our method consists of three phases: modeling, verification and code synthesis. In the modeling phase, BIP (Behavior-Interaction-Priority) language, which is expressive and allows flexible modeling, is used as the modeling language. Real-time behavior, that is highly concerned in reactive systems, can be modeled as well. In the verification phase, the system model is translated to timed automata and checked by UPPAAL. Verification helps to ensure the correctness of the model. In the code synthesis phase, the software part of the system model is synthesized to cyclic code. We propose an algorithm which can generate high-performance cyclic code from a model which describes the business work-flow. This feature significantly simplifies program development. A set of tools is implemented to support our design flow and they are successfully applied to an industrial case study for a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) system which is used to control several physical devices in a huge palace.

关键词： automata theory formal verification object-oriented programming

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OCRA: A Tool for Checking the Refinement of Temporal Contracts 13

OCRA: A Tool for Checking the Refinement of Temporal Contrac...

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28th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)

作者： Cimatti, Alessandro Dorigatti, Michele Tonetta, Stefano FBK Irst Trento Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781479902156

Contract-based design enriches a component model with properties structured in pairs of assumptions and guarantees. These properties are expressed in term of the variables at the interface of the components, and specify how a component interacts with its environment: the assumption is a property that must be satisfied by the environment of the component, while the guarantee is a property that the component must satisfy in response. Contract-based design has been recently proposed in many methodologies for taming the complexity of embedded systems. In fact, contract-based design enables stepwise refinement, compositional verification, and reuse of components. However, only few tools exist to support the formal verification underlying these methods. OCRA (Othello Contracts Refinement Analysis) is a new tool that provides means for checking the refinement of contracts specified in a linear-time temporal logic. The specification language allows to express discrete as well as metric real-time constraints. The underlying reasoning engine allows checking if the contract refinement is correct. OCRA has been used in different projects and integrated in CASE tools.

关键词： formal specification object-oriented programming program verification software reusability software tools specification languages temporal logic

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Understanding how learning affects agreement process in social networks

Understanding how learning affects agreement process in soci...

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ASE/IEEE International Conference on Social Computing (SocialCom)

作者： Maity, Suman Kalyan Porwal, Abhishek Mukherjee, Animesh IIT Kharagpur Dept CSE Kharagpur 721302 W Bengal India NIT Durgapur Durgapur 713209 India

ISBN: (纸本)9780769551371

In this article, we study how learning affects the dynamics of opinion formation in a population of agents modeled through the so-called naming game. This agent-based model captures the essential features of the agreement dynamics by means of a memory-driven negotiation process. We analyze the impact of learning in such social agreement model through a control parameter a describing the resistance toward learning. We show that there exists a critical a above which the consensus time diverges. In particular, we embed this model on various interaction topologies and real-world face-to-face interaction data and, thereby, point out the important differences in the agreement dynamics that take place in a real time-varying social settings vis-a-vis different static social settings. Remarkably, in all types of topology, we observe that beyond the critical value of a, the number of unique words increase manifold in the system and hence the time to consensus diverges possibly pointing to an universal aspect of language learning. In order to support the simulation results, we further develop a web-based online game - the 'tagging game' - which is a close correlate of the naming game and observe the game dynamics when human subjects are exposed to play the game. Remarkably, similar characteristic properties as that of the modified naming game is observed here even while different people from different geographical location play the game. This shows that synthetic modeling has nowadays reached the maturity to answer certain long-standing questions in cognitive science reasonably well.

关键词： Internet computer games interactive programming learning (artificial intelligence) object-oriented programming social networking (online)

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Automatic Recovery from Runtime Failures

Automatic Recovery from Runtime Failures

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35th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： Carzaniga, Antonio Gorla, Alessandra Mattavelli, Andrea Perino, Nicolo Pezze, Mauro Univ Lugano Fac Informat Lugano Switzerland Univ Saarland Dept Comp Sci Saarbrucken Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467330763

We present a technique to make applications resilient to failures. This technique is intended to maintain a faulty application functional in the field while the developers work on permanent and radical fixes. We target field failures in applications built on reusable components. In particular, the technique exploits the intrinsic redundancy of those components by identifying workarounds consisting of alternative uses of the faulty components that avoid the failure. The technique is currently implemented for Java applications but makes little or no assumptions about the nature of the application, and works without interrupting the execution flow of the application and without restarting its components. We demonstrate and evaluate this technique on four mid-size applications and two popular libraries of reusable components affected by real and seeded faults. In these cases the technique is effective, maintaining the application fully functional with between 19% and 48% of the failure-causing faults, depending on the application. The experiments also show that the technique incurs an acceptable runtime overhead in all cases.

关键词： object-oriented programming software libraries software maintenance software reusability system recovery

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Visualization: a tool for enhancing students' concept images of basic object-oriented concepts

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COMPUTER SCIENCE EDUCATION 2013年第1期23卷 1-23页

作者： Cetin, Ibrahim Abant Izzet Baysal Univ Fac Educ Secondary Sci & Math Educ Dept TR-14280 Bolu Turkey

The purpose of this study was twofold: to investigate students' concept images about class, object, and their relationship and to help them enhance their learning of these notions with a visualization tool. Fifty-six second-year university students participated in the study. To investigate his/her concept images, the researcher developed a survey including open-ended questions, which was administered to the participants. Follow- up interviews with 12 randomly selected students were conducted to explore their answers to the survey in depth. The results of the first part of the research were utilized to construct visualization scenarios. The students used these scenarios to develop animations using Flash software. The study found that most of the students experienced difficulties in learning object-oriented notions. Overdependence on code-writing practice and examples and incorrectly learned analogies were determined to be the sources of their difficulties. Moreover, visualization was found to be a promising approach in facilitating students' concept images of basic object-oriented notions. The results of this study have implications for researchers and practitioners when designing programming instruction.

关键词： programming education concept image object-oriented programming improving classroom teaching visualization tool cooperative learning

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TestEvol: A Tool for Analyzing Test-Suite Evolution

TestEvol: A Tool for Analyzing Test-Suite Evolution

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35th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： Pinto, Leandro Sales Sinha, Saurabh Orso, Alessandro Politecn Milan Milan Italy IBM Res New Delhi India Georgia Inst Technol Atlanta GA 30332 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467330763

Test suites, just like the applications they are testing, evolve throughout their lifetime. One of the main reasons for test-suite evolution is test obsolescence: test cases cease to work because of changes in the code and must be suitably repaired. There are several reasons why it is important to achieve a thorough understanding of how test cases evolve in practice. In particular, researchers who investigate automated test repair-an increasingly active research area-can use such understanding to develop more effective repair techniques that can be successfully applied in real-world scenarios. More generally, analyzing test-suite evolution can help testers better understand how test cases are modified during maintenance and improve the test evolution process, an extremely time consuming activity for any non-trivial test suite. Unfortunately, there are no existing tools that facilitate investigation of test evolution. To tackle this problem, we developed TESTEVOL, a tool that enables the systematic study of test-suite evolution for Java programs and JUnit test cases. This demonstration presents TESTEVOL and illustrates its usefulness and practical applicability by showing how TESTEVOL can be successfully used on real-world software and test suites. Demo video at http://***/similar to orso/software/testevol/

关键词： Java object-oriented programming program testing software maintenance

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Automated Evaluation of Regular Lab Assignments: A Bittersweet Experience?

Automated Evaluation of Regular Lab Assignments: A Bitterswe...

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IEEE 26th Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training (CSEE and T)

作者： Jezek, Pavel Malohlava, Michal Pop, Tomas Charles Univ Prague Fac Math & Phys Dept Distributed & Dependable Syst Prague 11800 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9781467351409

Our undergraduate curriculum includes a one semester course on object-oriented programming in the C# language and the. NET platform. The course underwent a major change in its labs organization two years ago - an introduction of regular one-week lab assignments motivated by a need to enhance unsatisfactory skills of students attending the course. However such change of the course scheme would not be possible without introduction of an automated evaluation system of the lab assignments. Besides the expected positive results, we were worried about any unforeseen consequences of the change. Having enough data from before and after the change of the course scheme the paper presents a unique analysis of impact of such a change on students and the course itself. The paper provides two main contributions: (1) to our best knowledge, we provide the first empirical validation of expected impacts on real-world data and (2) we identify and discuss several unexpected aspects and drawbacks of introduction of such a new scheme.

关键词： C++ language computer science education educational courses laboratories object-oriented programming

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OSSD: A Case for object-based Solid State Drives

OSSD: A Case for Object-based Solid State Drives

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29th IEEE Symposium on Massive Storage Systems and Technologies (MSST) - Research Track

作者： Lee, Young-Sik Kim, Sang-Hoon Kim, Jin-Soo Lee, Jaesoo Park, Chanik Maeng, Seungryoul Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci Taejon 305701 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ Coll Info & Comm Eng Suwon South Korea Samsung Elect Co Memory Div Hwasung South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781479902170;9781479902187

The notion of object-based storage devices (OSDs) has been proposed to overcome the limitations of the traditional block-level interface which hinders the development of intelligent storage devices. The main idea of OSD is to virtualize the physical storage into a pool of objects and offload the burden of space management into the storage device. We explore the possibility of adopting this idea for solid state drives (SSDs). The proposed object-based SSDs (OSSDs) allow more efficient management of the underlying flash storage, by utilizing object-aware data placement, hot/cold data separation, and QoS support for prioritized objects. We propose the software stack of OSSDs and implement an OSSD prototype using an iSCSI-based embedded storage device. Our evaluations with various scenarios show the potential benefits of the OSSD architecture.

关键词： disc drives flash memories object-oriented programming quality of service

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