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REQUIREMENTS FOR A NEW object-oriented METHODOLOGY

COMPUTER STANDARDS & INTERFACES 1991年第1-3期13卷 311-313页

作者： SANDERSON, DO DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP DATABASE SYST GRPCOLORADO SPRINGSCO 80920

object-oriented components, such as languages, engines, persistent storages, and development environments, are not sufficient for developing high quality object-oriented applications. New formal methodologies, based on object-oriented concepts, also need to be developed that address all life cycle phases. A preliminary list of requirements for such an object-oriented methodology is proposed. From this new methodology, practical techniques and tools can be developed that increase productivity using the new object-oriented technologies.

关键词： METHODOLOGY object-oriented APPLICATIONS object-oriented modeling LIFE CYCLE SUPPORT SOFTWARE DESIGN TOOLS

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Comprehending object and process models: An empirical study

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 1999年第4期25卷 541-556页

作者： Agarwal, R De, P Sinha, AP Univ Maryland Dept Decis & Informat Technol College Pk MD 20742 USA Univ Dayton Dept MIS & Decis Sci Dayton OH 45469 USA

Although prior research has compared modeling performance using different systems development methods, there has been little research examining the comprehensibility of models generated by those methods. in this paper, we report the results of an empirical study comparing user comprehension of object-oriented (OO) and process-oriented (PO) models. The fundamental difference is that while OO models tend to focus on structure, PO models tend to emphasize behavior or processes. Proponents of the OO modeling approach argue that it lends itself naturally to the way humans think. However, evidence from research in cognitive psychology and human factors suggests that human problem solving is innately procedural. Given these conflicting viewpoints, we investigate empirically if OO models are in fact easier to understand than PO models. But, as suggested by the theory of cognitive fit, model comprehension may be influenced by task-specific characteristics. We, therefore, compare OO and PO models based on whether the comprehension activity involves: 1) only structural aspects, 2) only behavioral aspects, or 3) a combination of structural and behavioral aspects. We measure comprehension through subjects' responses to questions designed along these three dimensions. Two experiments were conducted, each with a different application and a different group of subjects. Each subject was first trained in both methods, and then participated in one of the two experiments, answering several questions relating to his or her comprehension of an OO or a PO model of a business application. The comprehension questions ranged in complexity from relatively simple (addressing either structural or behavioral aspects) to more complex ones (addressing both structural and behavioral aspects). Results show that for most of the simple questions, no significant difference was observed insofar as model comprehension is concerned. For most of the complex questions, however, the PO model was found to be

关键词： cognitive fit experimental method human factors model comprehension object-oriented modeling process-oriented modeling

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An object-oriented conceptual model of a collaborative product development management (CPDM) system

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 2006年第7-8期28卷 827-838页

作者： Han, KH Do, N Gyeongsang Natl Univ Engn Res Inst Div Ind & Syst Engn Jinju 660701 Gyeongnam South Korea

It is apparent that the development or implementation of a collaborative product development management (CPDM) system in an enterprise should be based on the right understanding of core domain objects, their main attributes, and their relationships to other objects in the product development domain. For this purpose, an object-oriented conceptual model of a CPDM system based on a top-down approach is presented in this paper. For building the conceptual model systematically, this paper proposes the 4P2C modeling views, which are multi-faceted views of engineering information that provides an integrated and consistent perspective on engineering information. The 4P2C stands for product, process, project, participant, cost, and collaboration. Based on the 4P2C modeling views, six sub-models are constructed that eventually constitute a complete conceptual CPDM model. In each sub-model, the decomposition of core domain objects, their main attributes, and their relationships to other objects are represented in detail. A prototype application program along with an illustrative cost calculation example is also presented to demonstrate that the proposed CPDM model will enable enterprises to maintain consistency in product data efficiently throughout the product life cycle.

关键词： dollaborative product development conceptual model CPDM enterprise information system object-oriented modeling PDM UML

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KNOWLEDGE-BASED MANUFACTURABILITY ASSESSMENT - AN object-oriented APPROACH

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JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING 1995年第5期6卷 321-337页

作者： CHEN, YM MILLER, RA SEVENLER, K OHIO STATE UNIV ENGN RES CTR NET SHAPE MFGCOLUMBUSOH 43210 XEROX CORP WEBSTERNY 14580

To help the achievement of integrated product and process development, there is a need for tools that can assist designers in creating manufacturable parts with less design routines and tryouts. This paper presents a systematic approach to developing automated manufacturability assessment tools by identifying the functional and informational requirements and proposing an assessment model. The work presented in this paper includes: (1) identification of characteristics and tasks of design for the die-casting process;(2) determination of functional and informational requirements for automatic manufacturability assessment;(3) formalization and modularization of assessment knowledge;and (4) modeling of product definition data to support the assessment. object-oriented techniques are employed to model the assessment knowledge and manage the complicated and diverse types of product definition data by taking advantage of data abstraction, modularity, inherent concurrence, and the concept of encapsulation and extendibility.

关键词： ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CONCURRENT ENGINEERING object-oriented modeling

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A form driven object-oriented reverse engineering methodology

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INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2000年第3期25卷 235-259页

作者： Lee, H Yoo, C Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Grad Sch Management Corp Informat Syst Lab Seoul 130012 South Korea Agcy Def Dev Technol Res Ctr 2 Seoul 138600 South Korea

Legacy applications are valuable assets that should be integrated into business systems in succeeding generations. In order to take advantage of these applications, progressive companies seek to improve current operations by reverse engineering. This paper proposes the form driven object-oriented reverse engineering (FORE) methodology by using forms to recover semantics of legacy applications. Forms are exceptionally easy to understand because of the user-oriented nature of the contents of business. This form driven object-oriented reverse engineering methodology consists of five different phases: form usage analysis, form object slicing, object structure modeling, scenario design, and model integration. Knowledge of the form structure and the user's interaction between legacy application is compiled to extract the design semantics. This application demonstrates the practical usability of the FORE methodology by transforming the resulting object models into well-known UML-based models. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： reverse engineering object-oriented modeling screen forms legacy applications UML

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object analysis patterns for embedded systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2004年第12期30卷 970-992页

作者： Konrad, S Cheng, BHC Campbell, LA Michigan State Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Software Engn & Network Syst Lab E Lansing MI 48824 USA

Some of the most challenging tasks in building a software system are capturing, refining, and analyzing requirements. How well these tasks are performed significantly impacts the quality of the developed software system. The difficulty of these tasks is greatly exacerbated for the software of embedded systems as these systems are commonly used for critical applications, have to operate reliably for long periods of time, and usually have a high degree of complexity. Current embedded systems software development practice, however, often deals with the (requirements) analysis phase in a superficial manner, instead emphasizing design and implementation. This research investigates how an approach similar to the well-known design patterns, termed object analysis patterns, can be applied in the analysis phase of embedded systems development, prior to design and coding. Specifically, our research explores how object-oriented modeling notations, such as the Unified modeling Language (UML), can be used to represent structural and behavioral information as part of commonly occurring object analysis patterns. This work also investigates how UML-based conceptual models of embedded systems, based on the diagram templates in the object analysis patterns, can be automatically analyzed using the Spin model checker for adherence to properties specified in linear-time temporal logic (LTL) using a previously developed UML formalization framework. We have applied these patterns to several embedded systems applications obtained from the automotive industry. This paper describes one of our case studies and illustrates how our approach facilitates the construction of UML-based conceptual models of embedded systems and the analysis of these models for adherence to functional requirements.

关键词： object-oriented modeling embedded systems requirements patterns conceptual modeling object analysis formal specification model checking

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An object-oriented framework applied to the study of electromechanical oscillations at Tucurui hydroelectric power plant

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ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH 2011年第12期81卷 2081-2087页

作者： Sena, Jose A. S. Fonseca, Maria C. P. Di Paolo, Italo F. Barra, Walter, Jr. Barreiros, Jose A. L. Costa, Carlos T., Jr. Nogueira, Fabricio G. Univ Fed Para UFPA Fac Engn Eletr Inst Tecnol BR-56075110 Belem Para Brazil Centrais Eletr Norte Brasil Eletronorte BR-66115000 Belem Para Brazil

This paper presents an object-oriented framework to perform dynamical studies in electrical power systems. The proposed methodology is also useful to the development, upgrade and maintenance of software for power system studies. The framework was designed to be used by developers of power system software. Based on software engineering concepts, user's requirements are, firstly, mapped to atomic classes which, in turn, are subsequently used to build state-space representation for each dynamic device in the power system under study, such as electrical generators, turbines and automatic controllers. The developed framework automates the whole process of building a global system model, providing a standard space-state model suitable for implementing by direct code in C++ language. By using the proposed methodology, a power system simulation tool was specially developed to study electromechanical phenomena observed at Tucurui hydroelectric power plant, a large power plant of the Brazilian Interconnected Power System. The results were validated by comparing the simulated to the actual plant response obtained from field tests carried out at the Tucurui power plant. The results have shown a very good level of performance of the developed simulator system. The simulator was able to reproduce the dominant dynamical phenomena observed at the Tucurui power plant. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： object-oriented modeling Framework Dynamic simulation Electrical power plant

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object oriented model for container terminal distributed simulation

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH 2006年第3期175卷 1731-1751页

作者： Bielli, Maurizio Boulmakoul, Azedine Rida, Mohamed Mohammedia Fac Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci LIST Lab Mohammadia 20650 Morocco Antonio Ruberti Natl Res Council Inst Syst Anal & Informat I-00185 Rome Italy

In shipping port sector, containers are the most dynamic and complex to manage. To provide adequate strategy for the increasing traffic, ports must either expand facilities or improve efficiency of operations. In investigating ways in which ports can improve efficiency, this paper outlines a container terminal simulation model and gives components architecture that are implemented with Java. Simulator calibration and validation are also presented in the paper. The main goal of the present work is to provide a help tool in a port decision support system. The object oriented software design using UML diagrams is deployed in this project. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： object-oriented modeling discrete-event simulation container terminal simulator calibration and validation

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Interactive object-oriented simulation of interconnected power systems using SIMULINK

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EDUCATION 2001年第1期44卷 87-95页

作者： Allen, E LaWhite, N Yoon, Y Chapman, J Ilic, M New York ISO Transmiss Planning Schenectady NY 12303 USA MIT Energy Lab Cambridge MA 02139 USA ABB Energy Informat Syst Santa Clara CA USA

An object-oriented power system simulation environment is constructed using the SIMULINK dynamic system modeling software. The environment is well suited to educational purposes, because the user interface is interactive and intuitive with a graphical, object oriented model representation. For small system studies, a model is constructed in block diagram form with one block for each system component, For large scale simulations, the dynamics of portions of the network can be combined into collective blocks, with parameters managed as data arrays accessed indirectly using string mnemonics. The advanced numerical capabilities built into SIMULINK provide an excellent simulation engine far the nonlinear models. Off-line analysis is available through the extensive capabilities of the MATLAB environment.

关键词： block diagram form dynamic system modeling software large scale simulation MATLAB nonlinear models object-oriented modeling off-line analysis SIMULINK

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An intelligent fuzzy object-oriented database framework for video database applications

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FUZZY SETS AND SYSTEMS 2009年第15期160卷 2253-2274页

作者： Ozgur, Nezihe Burcu Koyuncu, Murat Yazici, Adnan METU Dept Comp Engn Ankara Turkey Atilim Univ Dept Comp Engn Ankara Turkey

Video database applications call for flexible and powerful modeling and querying facilities, which require an integration or interaction between database and knowledge-based technologies. It is also necessary for many real life video database applications to incorporate uncertainty, which naturally occurs due to the complex and subjective semantic content of video data. In this study, firstly, we introduce a fuzzy conceptual data model to represent the semantic content of video data. For that purpose, UML (unified modeling language) is utilized and extended to represent uncertain information along with video specific properties. Secondly, we present an intelligent fuzzy object-oriented database framework for video database applications. The introduced fuzzy conceptual model is used in this framework, which provides modeling of complex and rich semantic content and knowledge of video data including uncertainty. Moreover, it supports various flexible queries including (fuzzy) semantic, temporal and (fuzzy) spatial queries, based on the video data model. We think that the presented conceptual data model and the framework can be used for any video database application. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Conceptual data model Video data Uncertainty Fuzziness UML object-oriented modeling Video database applications object-oriented databases Knowledge-based systems Intelligent systems

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