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OOPM: An object-oriented multimodeling and simulation application framework

SIMULATION 1998年第6期70卷 379-395页

作者： Cubert, RM Fishwick, PA Univ Florida Dept Comp & Informat Sci & Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA

OOPM, or object-oriented Physical Multi-modeling, is an application framework for modeling and simulation under development at the University of Florida. It extends object-oriented program design with visualization and a definition of system modeling that reinforces the relationship model to program. Model authors interact with OOPM via graphical user interface, which captures model design, translates models to simulation programs, controls model execution and provides output visualization. Distributed Model Repository facilitates collaborative and distributed model definitions and model reuse. Translator converts model definition to a simulation program in C++, then compiles and links this simulation program, adding run-time support and creating an executable which runs under control of Scenario to provide output visualization using Virtual Reality modeling Language. A variety of model types may be freely combined through heterogeneous multimodeling, which is the basis fro geometry and dynamic behavior models.

关键词： multimodel object-oriented modeling OOS model abstraction object-oriented physical modeling visualization application framework OOPM

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Sub-zonal computational fluid dynamics in an object-oriented modelling framework

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BUILDING SIMULATION 2014年第5期7卷 439-454页

作者： Bonvini, Marco Popovac, Mirza Leva, Alberto Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab Berkeley CA 94704 USA Austrian Inst Technol Dept Energy A-1210 Vienna Austria Politecn Milan Dipartimento Elettron Informaz & Bioingn I-20133 Milan Italy

Airflow modelling is of fundamental importance for evaluating ventilation performance and energy consumption in buildings, and various approaches to the problem-starting from purely empirical up to the CFD ones-have been proposed and evaluated in the past years. Moreover, since the ultimate goal is whole building modelling, airflow simulation needs coupling with Energy Simulation (ES), in order to assess the overall energy performance. Due to the substantial differences between the software employed for airflow and ES, co-simulation is very often felt as the only way to handle such a problem. For example, in recent years a lot of effort has been spent in to couple ES and CFD tools. This paper proposes an alternative, in the form of an approach for solving the Navier-Stokes equations in a general multi-domain modelling framework. Since co-simulation is not involved, the correctness of the numerical solution relies on a single solver, thus being really transparent to the analyst. This is a first step towards a whole building simulation tool embedded in a unique framework capable of performing energy analysis, computing airflows, and representing control systems.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics object-oriented modeling airflow simulation building simulation Modelica

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A Model-Driven Approach on object-oriented PLC Programming for Manufacturing Systems with Regard to Usability

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS 2015年第3期11卷 790-800页

作者： Obermeier, Martin Braun, Steven Vogel-Heuser, Birgit Tech Univ Munich Inst Automat & Informat Syst D-85748 Munich Germany

This paper presents the modular automation for reuse in manufacturing systems (modAT4rMS) approach to support the model-driven engineering (MDE) of object-oriented manufacturing automation software with regard to its usability and software modularity. With usability, we refer to the aspects' effectiveness, efficiency, and user acceptance as defined by ISO 9241-11. The modAT4rMS notations are based on selected features from the unified modeling language (UML) and the systems modeling language (SysML), and iteratively further developed by a series of empirical studies with industrial practitioners, as well as mechatronics trainees. With modAT4rMS, an MDE approach for programmable logic controller (PLC) programming was developed with the goal to facilitate modular object-oriented programming of PLC software by improving the representation of the relationships between the structure and behavior diagram types, and by reducing the level of abstraction in the structure model. modAT4rMS notations for PLC software structure and software behavior modeling are presented and illustrated with a modeling example using a modAT4rMS editor prototype. For the evaluation of the developed notations, the results from a study with 168 participants are presented, showing the benefits of this new approach in comparison with the classic procedural paradigm (IEC 61131-3) and the domain-specific UML profile (plcML) in regard to programming performance and usability aspects. Finally, the advantages and limitations of the approach are discussed, and an outlook for further development is given.

关键词： Manufacturing systems (MSs) model-driven development model-driven engineering (MDE) object-oriented modeling object-oriented software engineering usability

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Automotive power window system design: object-oriented modelling and design of experiments integration within a digital pattern approach

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MECHANICS & INDUSTRY 2016年第5期17卷 505-1-505-8页

作者： Patalano, Stanislao Vitolo, Ferdinando Lanzotti, Antonio Univ Naples Federico II Dept Ind Engn Ple V Tecchio 80 I-80125 Naples Italy

The paper tackles an integrated use of object-oriented modelling (OOM) and design of experiments (DoE) to determine the performance of a double bowden power window system in order to accomplish the expected system performances during the preliminary designing phase and, therefore, by accelerating the product development process. A DoE has been carried out by using the power window model, developed in Dymola environment. The response surface method (RSM) and ANOVA analysis are used to identify the significant factors. Then, an empirical equation is derived. It predicts the main system response i.e. the stroke time, expressed as dependency related to the significant factors. Finally, the use of the empirical relation inside a design flow of a power window, based on digital patterns, is presented.

关键词： Mechatronic systems digital pattern for product development object-oriented modeling design of experiments power window systems

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Extended object Model for Product Configuration Design

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2010年第3期7卷 289-294页

作者： Zhi-Wei Xu Ze-Zhong Liang Zhong-Qi Sheng School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 PRC

This paper presents an extended object model for case-based reasoning （CBR） in product configuration design. In the extended object model, a few methods of knowledge expression are adopted, such as constraints, rules, objects, etc. On the basis of extended object model, case representation model for CBR is applied to product configuration design system. The product configuration knowledge can be represented by the extended object. The model can support all the processes of CBR in product configuration design, such as case representation, indexing, retrieving, and case revising. The presented model is an extension of the traditional object-oriented model by including the relationship class used to express the relation between the cases, constraints class used in the product configuration knowledge representation, index class used in ease retrieving, and solution class used in case revising. Therefore, the product configuration knowledge used in the product configuration design can be represented by using this model. In the end, a metering pump product configuration design system is developed on the basis of the proposed product configuration model to support customized products.

关键词： Mass customization product configuration case-based reasoning (CBR) object-oriented modeling case representation.

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object-oriented simulator design for an automated high-speed modular placement machine family

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SIMULATION 1999年第6期73卷 341-351页

作者： Csaszar, P Tirpak, TM Nelson, PC Motorola Inc Ctr Adv Technol Schaumburg IL 60196 USA Univ Illinois Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Artificial Intelligence Lab Chicago IL USA

This paper introduces the computer model established for a new family of modular type, multi-station walking beam high-speed chip mounter (also called chip shooter;) machines, and the implemented high-accuracy simulation software. The objective of the project ions the development of a comprehensive simulation tool that can replace the real machines in experiments regarding system analysis and setup, yet provide accurate cycle time estimation. The thorough analysis of the machines led to-the understanding of the characteristics of each part of the system, as well as the hierarchy of the parts and the interaction between them. This well-defined hierarchy and separability of different parts suggest the object-oriented paradigm for the implementation of the simulation software. This paper highlights the major goals successfully addressed by the developed software: the identification of the system hierarchy with its representation in a C++ class structure, the implementation providing code efficiency, and the design of I/O features that prepare the simulator to be embedded in an optimization procedure.

关键词： simulator design automated PWB placement machines cycle time estimation object-oriented modeling optimization support

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object-oriented tracking of the dynamic behavior of urban heat islands

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE 2017年第2期31卷 405-424页

作者： Zhu, Rui Guilbert, Eric Wong, Man Sing Hong Kong Polytech Univ Dept Land Surveying & Geoinformat ZS6186-FSouth WingBlock Z181 Chatham Rd South Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Univ Laval Dept Geomat Sci Quebec City PQ Canada

The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon occurring within urban areas or city-clusters is increasingly becoming a severe problem in the urbanization process. Previous research mainly focusing on static UHI modeled at fixed time instants is not capable to track the evolutionary process of the UHIs in both time and space domains. This research designs an object-oriented dynamic model to reconstruct the evolutionary process of UHIs. Each UHI is modeled as a spatiotemporal field-object with its own life-cycle. The dynamic behavior of an UHI is defined by a series of filiations (e.g. expansion and contraction). The model was implemented in an object-relational database and applied to air temperature data collected from weather stations in hourly basis over 7days. The behaviors of UHI were extracted from the data. Results suggest that the model can effectively identify different behaviors and status of UHIs, and reveal the spatiotemporal behavior of each of them.

关键词： Spatiotemporal data modeling object-oriented modeling urban heat islands

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GUIDING object-oriented DESIGN VIA THE KNOWLEDGE LEVEL ARCHITECTURE -THE IRRIGATED WHEAT TESTBED

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MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING 1994年第8期20卷 1-16页

作者： SCHROEDER, K KAMEL, A STICKLEN, J WARD, R RITCHIE, J SCHULTHESS, U RAFEA, A SALAH, A MICHIGAN STATE UNIV DEPT CROP & SOIL SCIE LANSINGMI 48824 MINIST AGR & LAND RECLAMAT AGR RES CTRCENT LAB AG EXPERT SYSTCAIROEGYPT

In this paper, we detail our current work on a crop management system for irrigated wheat in Egypt. The goal of our work is to develop a system that will address all aspects of crop management including varietal selection, planting/harvest date selection, sowing parameters decisions, insect/disease/weed identification and remediation, and irrigation/fertilization management. The approach we take to solve this problem is the Generic Task Approach to expert systems development pioneered by Chandrasekaran et al. [1]. By using the Generic Task (GT) approach, we set out to model the behavior of an expert in wheat crop management. To accomplish this goal, the GT approach builds on top of the object-oriented methodology and acts as a guiding overlay for analyzing knowledge intensive problems, such as wheat crop management. As a multi-task problem, wheat crop management provides a testbed for the ideas of a Knowledge Level Architecture introduced by Sticklen. The Knowledge Level Architecture (KLA) provides a means of understanding large systems in terms of cooperating subagents. This paper describes the GT and KLA methodologies, focusing on the support they afford to the description and understanding of knowledge-based systems from an object-oriented perspective.

关键词： object-oriented modeling GENERIC TASKS INTEGRATED ARCHITECTURES ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AGRICULTURE WHEAT MANAGEMENT

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A New object Coding System for Computer-Aided Process Planning Applications

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ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2013年第5期38卷 1103-1113页

作者： Celik, I. Unuvar, A. Dumlupinar Univ Fac Engn Dept Mech Engn Kutahya Turkey Selcuk Univ Fac Engn Dept Mech Engn Konya Turkey

Recently, using features to model a part has been thought to be a key factor for the integrated design and manufacturing. The features that build the part are modeled as manufacturing features. Thanks to object-based modeling, features are structured systematically. In this paper, a feature coding method is proposed for prismatic parts to be produced and the use of this method in process planning is explained. After been determined, features are structured systematically through object-oriented modeling. This article explains an object coding method developed for prismatic workpieces and its use in process planning. Features were determined and modeled as objects. Features were coded according to their types and locations on the workpiece in this given method. Feature codings have been seen to be very advantageous in process planning.

关键词： Feature Feature-based modeling object-oriented modeling Process planning

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Towards an Ontology for Scenario Definition for the Assessment of Automated Vehicles: An object-oriented Framework

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT VEHICLES 2022年第2期7卷 300-314页

作者： de Gelder, Erwin Paardekooper, Jan-Pieter Saberi, Arash Khabbaz Elrofai, Hala Op den Camp, Olaf Kraines, Steven Ploeg, Jeroen De Schutter, Bart TNO Dept Integrated Vehicle Safety NL-5708 JZ Helmond Netherlands Delft Univ Technol Delft Ctr Syst & Control NL-2628 CD Delft Netherlands Radboud Univ Nijmegen Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav NL-6525 XZ Nijmegen Netherlands Automated Driving Prod Unit TomTom NL-5656 Eindhoven Netherlands Eindhoven Univ Technol Mobile Percept Syst Lab NL-5612 AZ Eindhoven Netherlands Symphony Co Tokyo 7320068 Japan 2Getthere NL-3543 AE Utrecht Netherlands Eindhoven Univ Technol Dept Mech Engn Dynam & Control Grp NL-5612 AZ Eindhoven Netherlands

The development of new assessment methods for the performance of automated vehicles is essential to enable the deployment of automated driving technologies, due to the complex operational domain of automated vehicles. One contributing method is scenario-based assessment in which test cases are derived from real-world road traffic scenarios obtained from driving data. Given the complexity of the reality that is being modeled in these scenarios, it is a challenge to define a structure for capturing these scenarios. An intensional definition that provides a set of characteristics that are deemed to be both necessary and sufficient to qualify as a scenario assures that the scenarios constructed are both complete and intercomparable. In this article, we develop a comprehensive and operable definition of the notion of scenario while considering existing definitions in the literature. This is achieved by proposing an object-oriented framework in which scenarios and their building blocks are defined as classes of objects having attributes, methods, and relationships with other objects. The object-oriented approach promotes clarity, modularity, reusability, and encapsulation of the objects. We provide definitions and justifications of each of the terms. Furthermore, the framework is used to translate the terms in a coding language that is publicly available.

关键词： object oriented modeling Vehicle dynamics Encoding Ontologies Mathematical models Safety Intelligent vehicles Automatic testing autonomous vehicles intelligent vehicles object-oriented modeling performance evaluation system testing vehicle safety

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