In teaching university entry-level calculus, it proved useful to distinguish early from late transcendentals depending on the time at which transcendentals such as the exponential and logarithmic functions are introdu...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450394338
In teaching university entry-level calculus, it proved useful to distinguish early from late transcendentals depending on the time at which transcendentals such as the exponential and logarithmic functions are introduced. I suggest we pose analogous "early X or late X" questions for first-year computer science courses. I propose a tentative list of concepts for which the "early or late" question might be worthy a discussion and argue that the approach allows us to pay attention to pedagogical choices rather than the choice of the programming language for CS1 and *** first calculus textbook by late Torontonian and mathematics educator James Drewry Stewart follows the traditional approach of late transcendentals where the transcendental logarithm function is introduced as an integral of ƒ (χ) = 1/χ and the transcendental exponential function as its inverse. Stewart and others realized that this approach deprives the concepts preceding integrals of these two transcendentals as interesting example functions. Stewart's early-transcendentals alternative introduces them-along with transcendental trigonometric functions-informally in the first chapter and uses these transcendentals throughout the *** we have analogous pedagogic choices in CS1 and CS2? An exhaustive approach would list all essential concepts in the first year in CS and analyse their prerequisite dependencies. To initiate a more focused discussion, I propose instead to limit the discourse to a handful of concepts, and explore their "early or late" question.
Examines object-oriented programming as an implementation technique for database systems. The object-oriented approach encapsulates the representations of database entities and relationships with the procedures that m...
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Examines object-oriented programming as an implementation technique for database systems. The object-oriented approach encapsulates the representations of database entities and relationships with the procedures that manipulate them. To achieve this, the authors first define abstractions of the modeling constructs of the data model that describe their common properties and behavior. Then the authors represent the entity types and relationship types in the conceptual schema and the internal schema by objects that are instances of these abstractions. The generic procedures (data manipulation routines) that comprise the user interface can now be implemented as calls to the procedures associated with these objects. A generic procedure model of database implementation techniques is presented and discussed. several current database system implementation techniques are illustrated as examples of this model, followed by a critical analysis of the implementation technique based on the use of objects. The authors demonstrate that the object-oriented approach has advantages of data independence, run-time efficiency due to eliminating access to system descriptors, and support for low-level views
The well-known difficulties students exhibit when learning to program are often characterised as either difficulties in understanding the problem to be solved or difficulties in devising and coding a computational sol...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781921770210
The well-known difficulties students exhibit when learning to program are often characterised as either difficulties in understanding the problem to be solved or difficulties in devising and coding a computational solution. It would therefore be helpful to understand which of these gives students the greatest trouble. Unit testing is a mainstay of large-scale software development and maintenance. A unit test suite serves not only for acceptance testing, but is also a form of requirements specification, as exemplified by agile programming methodologies in which the tests are developed before the corresponding program code. In order to better understand students' conceptual difficulties with programming, we conducted a series of experiments in which students were required to write both unit tests and program code for non-trivial problems. Their code and tests were then assessed separately for correctness and 'coverage', respectively. The results allowed us to directly compare students' abilities to characterise a computational problem, as a unit test suite, and develop a corresponding solution, as executable code. Since understanding a problem is a pre-requisite to solving it, we expected students' unit testing skills to be a strong predictor of their ability to successfully implement the corresponding program. Instead, however, we found that students' testing abilities lag well behind their coding skills.
In Component-Based Software Engineering, the problem of selecting software components involve several risk factors. Traditionally, these have been identified and mitigated using software project management techniques....
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728131863
In Component-Based Software Engineering, the problem of selecting software components involve several risk factors. Traditionally, these have been identified and mitigated using software project management techniques. However, the new demand for intelligent components has added complexity to the process. Despite the success and technological advances, its development in an environment ready for production faces many challenges. There are numbers of technical issues that limit their adoption and selection, due to the introduction of new risk factors, different from traditional ones. Thus, our goal is to formulate a technique to minimize the risk in the intelligent component selection process. To achieve this goal, first, we review the literature to Figure out how software project management takes care of the risk and to identify and classify the risks factor associated with intelligent software components. Second, we formulate the component selection problem as a search based optimization problem. And Third, we illustrate our proposal by presenting an example in the context of an air pollution forecasting component. As a result, we were able to: (1) identify a lack of useful tools to manage the risk factor effectively in a software project; (2) we classify intelligent component associated risk; and (3) we introduce a risk management technique that supports the component selection process by maximizing requirement accomplishment, that is, minimizing the risk of the provision of the functionalities that satisfy the requirements. Overall, our work is an initial step in using search-based optimization in risk management to the component selection process.
Development of quality object-oriented software contains security as an integral aspect of that process. During that process, a ceaseless burden on the developers was posed in order to maximize the development and at ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781728167992
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728168005
Development of quality object-oriented software contains security as an integral aspect of that process. During that process, a ceaseless burden on the developers was posed in order to maximize the development and at the same time to reduce the expense and time invested in security. In this paper, the authors analyzed metrics for object-oriented software in order to evaluate and identify the relation between metric value and security of the software. Identification of these relations was achieved by study of software vulnerabilities with code level metrics. By using OWASP classification of vulnerabilities and experimental results, we proved that there was relation between metric values and possible security issues in software. For experimental code analysis, we have developed special software called SOFTMET.
With the development of informationtechnology, there have taken big changes inworm economy from 90s. It forms a constantglobal market which is full of much *** not only lays on individual capacity, butalso closely sui...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780379411
With the development of informationtechnology, there have taken big changes inworm economy from 90s. It forms a constantglobal market which is full of much *** not only lays on individual capacity, butalso closely suit to the requirement of developingmarket. CSCWD (Computer SupportedCooperative Work in Design)provides asupporting environment in which participantswith difference background and knowledge canwork together to reduce the producing cycle, toincrease the product quality and to acceleratethe product proceeding. The cooperation is thekey to assure the success of product design andthe capacity of competition in market, It's achallenge for the method of traditional softwaredeveloping to develop cooperative designenvironment based on special area. This paperdescribes a method of component-based designof buildings, which is intended to facilitate thecooperation and assure the requirement ofbuildings design. Difference from the commonsoftware system, it fully think the property indeign of buildings and the supporting ofcooperation. It comprises communicationcomponent, the interface that organize thesoftware of buildings design, the database thatstores the component of buildings design, themechanism of data changing and the visualenvironment. It is satisfied with the requirementof cooperative design of buildings.
This study investigated the difficulties encountered by novice Alice programmers. The researchers conducted one-on-one clinical interviews with 22 10th-grade students at a senior high school in Taipei, Taiwan. The par...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450326056
This study investigated the difficulties encountered by novice Alice programmers. The researchers conducted one-on-one clinical interviews with 22 10th-grade students at a senior high school in Taipei, Taiwan. The participants were offered nine Alice programming tasks, each requiring the use of a different set of programming constructs, which included objects, primitive methods, expressions, built-in functions, variables, conditional execution, repetition control, arrays, user-defined methods, and parameter passing. Each participant was observed closely as s/he worked through the given tasks. Whenever an impasse occurred while a student was trying to solve a problem, the observer would intervene by asking a sequence of questions with increasing specificity, ranging from strategic prompts to hints to provides, in order to determine the cause of the impasse. This study summarized the common difficulties for each of the Alice programming constructs used by the participants in the programming tasks, and students' difficulties were categorized into four types: connection, location, usage, and math-and-other difficulties. Students having connection difficulties were unable to apply appropriate programming constructs to implement the actions required; location difficulties indicated students? inability to locating, in the Alice interface, the programming constructs they needed; usage difficulties referred in general to semantic errors in a student's programs; whereas math-and-other difficulties were caused mainly by students' inadequate math knowledge. It is hoped that the findings of this research will help Alice instructors to improve their students' performance by familiarizing themselves with the existence of the identified difficulties, and by addressing the missing conceptions or misconceptions underlying those difficulties.
A model of object composition which facilitates the automation of the partitioning of an object-oriented application into groups of objects called clusters is presented. object clusters form the unit of distribution, ...
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A model of object composition which facilitates the automation of the partitioning of an object-oriented application into groups of objects called clusters is presented. object clusters form the unit of distribution, representing both locality and concurrency within an application. Clusters reflect the "single threadedness" or sequentiality of the objects within them. The larger granularity of object clusters permits them to be supported efficiently at run time. A method of cluster formation for class based objectorientedprogramming languages is introduced and preliminary results of a prototype implementation are described.< >
The study presented in this paper explores junior high school students' comprehension of basic OO concepts. It summarizes major (mis)conceptions demonstrated by the students in two main categories: confusion of (1...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595936035
The study presented in this paper explores junior high school students' comprehension of basic OO concepts. It summarizes major (mis)conceptions demonstrated by the students in two main categories: confusion of (1) taxonomic and (2) partonomic hierarchies with classes, objects and their interrelations.
Information modeling is critical to the integration ofconceptual design and process planning. Aninformation model for conceptual design is provided inthis paper. Conceptual design is a key activity in earlyproduct dev...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780379411
Information modeling is critical to the integration ofconceptual design and process planning. Aninformation model for conceptual design is provided inthis paper. Conceptual design is a key activity in earlyproduct development. It determines product functions,form, and the basic structure. Since majormanufacturing cost is determined in early design, it iscritical to be able to assess manufacturability and costas early as possible in the design process. A literaturereview of the current status of Computer-Aided Design(CAD) and Computer-Aided Process Planning (CAPP)software technologies reveals the lack of interfacestandards to enable the integration of these systems. Inorder to develop interface standards, informationmodels have to be first developed to define theinterfaces. An initial information model for conceptualprocess planning has been *** modelincludes an activity model and an object model formanufacturing process selection, resource selection,and cost and time estimation. The activity model setsthe context in which the objects are used forinformation sharing and exchange. The object modeldefines classes used in conceptual process *** main purpose of developing this model is to initiatethe development of standard interface specificationsthat are necessary for design and process planningintegration.
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