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object-process methodology as an Alternative to Human Factors Task Analysis

HUMAN FACTORS 2023年第7期65卷 1451-1472页

作者： Dori, Dov Jbara, Ahmad Yang, Yongkai E. Liu, Andrew M. Oman, Charles M. Technion Israel Inst Technol IL-3200003 Haifa Israel MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA Netanya Acad Coll Netanya Israel

objective We define and demonstrate the use of OPM-TA-a model-based task analysis (TA) framework that uses object-process methodology (OPM) ISO 19450 as a viable alternative to traditional TA techniques. Background A variety of different TA methods exist in human factors engineering, and several of them are often applied successively for a broad task representation, making it difficult to follow. Method Using OPM-TA, we modeled how an International Space Station (ISS) astronaut would support extravehicular activities using the existing robotic arm workstation with a new control panel and an electronic procedure system. The modeling employed traditional TA methods and the new OPM-TA approach, enabling a comparison between them. Results While the initial stages of modeling with OPM-TA follow those of traditional TA, OPM-TA modeling yields an executable and logically verifiable model of the entire human-robot system. Both OPM's hierarchical set of diagrams and the equivalent, automatically generated statements in a subset of natural language text specify how objects and processes relate to each other at increasingly detailed levels. The graphic and textual OPM modalities specify the system's architecture, which enables its function and benefits its users. To verify the model logical correctness model, we executed it using OPM's simulation capability. Conclusion OPM-TA was able to unify traditional TA methods and expand their capabilities. The formal yet intuitive OPM-TA approach fuses and extends traditional TA methods, which are not amenable to simulation. It therefore can potentially become a widely used means for TA and human-machine procedure development and testing.

关键词： human factors engineering task analysis electronic procedures object-process methodology ISO 19450 conceptual modeling

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Business process improvement using object-process methodology

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SYSTEMS ENGINEERING 2020年第1期23卷 36-48页

作者： Casebolt, Jason M. Jbara, Ahmad Dori, Dov MIT Sloan Sch Management MIT Sch Engn Syst Design & Management 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA Technion Israel Inst Technol Fac Ind & Management Engn IL-3200003 Haifa Israel

For decades, business process improvement (BPI) has been a persistent and expensive concern that spans across many industry sectors. We present OPM-BPI-a model-based method to improve business processes using ISO 19450-object-process methodology (OPM). The approach compares favorably to state-of-the-art business process languages and approaches, such as Business process Modeling Notation (BPMN). An aviation manufacturing company case study of safely removing a part from an aircraft and reinstalling it demonstrates the method. We show how using OPM-BPI enables removing a large portion of the supporting objects, and how related processes can be eliminated or merged, achieving considerable model simplification that represents a significantly improved, more effective and less wasteful business process.

关键词： business process improvement business process modeling notation (BPMN) manufacturing processes model-based systems engineering object-process methodology process architecture process improvement process-as-a-product

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Balancing Powertrain Attributes Using object-process methodology

Balancing Powertrain Attributes Using Object-Process Methodo...

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作者： MARTIN SIMAK CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

学位级别：硕士

This researched studies a specific way of capturing, storing, sharing and accessing highly technical knowledge in a cross-functional context. The first objective of the study is to conclude on capturing highly technical knowledge in a system engineering architecture, the object-process methodology. The second objective is to evaluate accessing and managing the highly technical knowledge with object-process methodology in a cross-functional context. The theory review consists three related works, 3-T framework, Knowledge Query and Request framework, and Knowledge Recommendation framework. The theory serves as base for evaluating representing and sharing the highly technical knowledge with the simplified modeling architecture. The research uses inductive approach. The data collection process involved unstructured interviewing of 15 participants, more than 3 months of observation method within the Volvo Car Corporation social setting, literature review and documents examination. Highly technical knowledge can be represented using object-process methodology. Constructing physical system diagrams allows transformation of real vehicle system into the modeling environment in form of objects, processes and relationships between them. processes representing systems functions (such as noise or vibration), are connected with relationships to objects states, and explaining their behaviour in the system. Application of object-process methodology for accessing the knowledge eliminates multiple processes of knowledge management frameworks review in the theory section. Powertrain attributes can be balanced more efficiently using object- process methodology. Due to the system agility, the project management practice process in the vehicle development process will be empowered.

关键词： Knowledge Management Knowledge Recommendation Knowledge Query object-process methodology Powertrain Attributes System Engineering

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Implementing an International Standard for Manufacturing System Lifecycle Management using object-process methodology

Implementing an International Standard for Manufacturing Sys...

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IEEE International Conference on Software Science, Technology and Engineering (SWSTE)

作者： Lavi, Rea Dori, Yehudit Judy Dori, Dov Technion Israel Inst Technol Fac Educ Sci & Technol Haifa Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781509010189

object-process methodology (OPM) is a model-based systems engineering methodology which has been recognized as an ISO 19450: 2015 standard for automation systems and integration. It is domain-independent and intended for conceptual modeling of systems of various kinds. We collaborated remotely with a team that had implemented this methodology for modeling their proposed international standard, which concerned manufacturing systems lifecycle management. The goal of this collaboration was to achieve a satisfactory level of text-model coherence and model quality for the proposed standard that comply with ISO 19450. Achieving this goal proved to be an illstructured problem, without defined initial or final states and without a clear procedure for solving it. We compare three latter versions of the conceptual model using a quality assessment rubric that has been validated in previous studies. Utilizing OPM in this capacity enabled efficacious evaluation of model quality at every stage of authoring. The case described herein demonstrates how OPM can be utilized by interdisciplinary teams to tackle ill-structured problems more effectively.

关键词： collaborative problem solving conceptual modeling ill-structured problem solving model-based standard authoring object-process methodology standard authoring

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Integrating object-process methodology with Attibute Driven Design 10

Integrating Object-Process Methodology with Attibute Driven ...

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10th Annual IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)

作者： Kilicay-Ergin, Nil Neill, Colin J. Sangwan, Raghvinder S. Penn State Univ Great Valley Sch Grad Profess Studies Malvern PA 19355 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467395199

System architecture is a key driver in defining a system's form and function. The object-process methodology (OPM) integrates system function, structure, and behavior in one model for the study of system architectures. While the methodology eliminates the challenges of managing multiple views of a system architecture, it is a descriptive approach and does not explicitly address the life cycle properties (-ilities) of a system. Thus, the quality of architecture developed depends on the experience and skill level of its architect. Integrating OPM with other, more prescriptive, architecting methodologies may address this gap. In particular, Attribute Driven Design (ADD) is an approach widely used in software-centric applications for generating architectures with desirable life cycle properties. In this paper, we integrate OPM with ADD in order to leverage the advantages of each and demonstrate its use via an illustrative system development project. The integrated approach provides explicit guidance to the architect to capture form, function and life-cycle properties early in the conceptual architecting process.

关键词： System architecture object-process methodology Attribute Driven Design disaster assistance system

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Integrating object-process methodology with Attibute Driven Design

Integrating Object-Process Methodology with Attibute Driven ...

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Annual IEEE International Systems Conference

作者： Nil Kilicay-Ergin Colin J. Neill Raghvinder S. Sangwan Penn State University Great Valley School of Graduate Professional Studies

ISBN: (纸本)9781467395205

关键词： System architecture object-process methodology Attribute Driven Design Disaster assistance system Building systems ARCHITECTURE Architects explicit guidance Life cycle Building construction Androstenedione Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity key driver Systems development Automobile driving functional structure Life cycle

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Agile Modeling of an Evolving Ballistic Missile Defense System with object-process methodology 9

Agile Modeling of an Evolving Ballistic Missile Defense Syst...

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9th Annual IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)

作者： Mordecai, Yaniv Dori, Dov Technion Israel Inst Technol Fac Ind Engn & Management Haifa Israel MIT Engn Syst Div 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479959273

Evolution of requirements and systems has led to the proliferation of agile development as a matter of course in the current technological landscape. The rate of change poses a significant dilemma to stakeholders regarding the amount of effort and resources they should invest in methodological practices, including modeling, design, analysis, and specification. The attempt to move quickly from concept to operation often leads to preference of expedience for gaining early time-to-market over quality and robustness. Rather than referring to the modeling vs. agility challenge as a dilemma, we perceive it as an opportunity for synergy. Building on object-process methodology (OPM)-the new ISO-19450 standard, we propose an agile model-based systems engineering (MBSE) framework that facilitates, and fosters development agility and system evolution. This agile MBSE framework extends the traditional scope of system modeling to cover aspects of functional and structural evolution, phase transition, deployment feedback, and configuration interdependence. We demonstrate the applicability of agile MBSE on a hypothetical ballistic missile defense system, based on publicly available information on Iron Dome - an Israeli ballistic missile defense system with proven operational capability.

关键词： Agile Model-Based Systems Engineering Evolving System Models Agile Development object-process methodology Configuration Management Ballistic Missile Defense

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Model-Based Protocol Engineering: Specifying Kerberos with object-process methodology 28

Model-Based Protocol Engineering: Specifying Kerberos with O...

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IEEE 28th Convention of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel (IEEEI)

作者： Mordecai, Yaniv Dori, Dov Technion Israel Inst Technol Fac Ind Engn & Management IL-32000 Haifa Israel MIT Engn Syst Div Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479959877

We overview and demonstrate a framework for model-based protocol engineering. Engineering standards, protocols, and standardized procedures, especially in computing and communication, must be structured, well-defined, and simple to understand, so they can gain wide acceptance and adoption. Yet, standards and protocols often lack an underlying formalism required to ensure their integrity, consistency, and traceability. Lack in these aspects can cause delay in standard publication, distribution, adoption, implementation, and utilization, and might discredit the standard and harm its sponsors' reputation. Model-based protocols are easier to understand, implement, test, and integrate with existing products, solutions, and systems. Our approach draws on the recently adopted ISO 19450 standard of object-process methodology (OPM)-a holistic systems engineering paradigm for modeling complex, dynamic systems. We demonstrate the benefits of our model-based approach by employing OPM to specify the widely-accepted Kerberos protocol for networked computer user and device authentication.

关键词： Model-Based Systems Engineering Model-Based Protocol Engineering object-process methodology Kerberos

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Defining object-process methodology in Web Ontology Language for Semantic Mediation

Defining Object-Process Methodology in Web Ontology Language...

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IEEE CS International Conference on Software Science, Technology and Engineering (SWSTE)

作者： Jacobs, Shmuela Wengrowicz, Niva Dori, Dov Technion Israel Inst Technol Fac Ind Engn & Management IL-32000 Haifa Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781479944323

Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is gradually becoming an acceptable good practice, especially for large-scale complex systems. The variety of modeling languages allows detailed representation of domain-specific knowledge of different components and aspects of a system. Semantic Web concepts provide opportunities for easier and more efficient collaboration between design and verification teams using different modeling tools. IBM Semantic Mediation Container (SMC) is a tool interoperability platform, allowing mediation and synchronization among models in different languages based on their ontologies. We propose integrating into SMC the ability to translate object-process methodology (OPM), the emerging ISO 19450 Standard, which provides a holistic view of the system's function, structure, and behavior. In this paper we describe the first integration stage - defining the OPM ontology in a way that conforms to Semantic Web specifications. We discuss different approaches of element representation and validate the ontology by round-trip transformation of OPM models from their visual representation to Resource Description Framework (RDF) and back.

关键词： Conceptual modeling Ontology design RDF Semantic Web Semantic mediation object-process methodology

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Exporting object-process methodology System Models to the Semantic Web

Exporting Object-Process Methodology System Models to the Se...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)

作者： Jacobs, Shmuela Wengrowicz, Niva Dori, Dov Technion Israel Inst Technol Fac Ind Engn & Management IL-32000 Haifa Israel MIT Engn Syst Div Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479938407

Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is gradually becoming an acceptable good practice, especially for large-scale complex systems. The variety of modeling languages enables detailed representation of domain-specific knowledge of different aspects of a system. Semantic Web concepts provide opportunities for easier and more efficient collaboration between design and verification teams using different modeling tools. IBM Semantic Mediation Container (SMC) is a tool interoperability platform, allowing mediation and synchronization among models in different languages based on their ontologies. We propose integrating into SMC the ability to translate object-process methodology (OPM), the emerging ISO 19450 Standard, which provides a holistic view of the system's function, structure, and behavior. In this paper we describe the first integration stages defining the OPM ontology in a way that conforms to Semantic Web specifications and developing a module for exporting OPM models from their visual representation to and back from Resource Description Framework (RDF). We discuss the scope of the ontology and different approaches of element representation. We portray the implementation of the export module as an extension to OPM CASE tool (OPCAT). The ontology and export module are validated by round-trip transformation of OPM models from their visual representation to RDF and back by experimenting with OPM experts.

关键词： Conceptual modeling Ontology design RDF Semantic Web Semantic mediation object-process methodology

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