Today's powersystems for various reasons, including linearization of equations of state estimation and improved speed control and protection systems, use Wide Area Measurement (WAMS). Due to their high cost, it i...
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Today's powersystems for various reasons, including linearization of equations of state estimation and improved speed control and protection systems, use Wide Area Measurement (WAMS). Due to their high cost, it is essential to optimize the number and placement of this equipment. The costs associated with deploying a Synchro phasor have evolved throughout time. The cost of upgrading a substation, which is far more than the cost of a single device, has emerged as the major expense component. When determining where to put phasor measuring units (PMUs), it's important to consider not only how many will need to be built at each substation but also how many will need to undergo upgrades to accommodate them. In this paper, the multi-functional locating of phasor measurement units has been done with goals such as the cost of investment and risk in powersystems (reliability) by indicating the observability. Then the location of the phasor units was solved in the form of an optimization problem, using multi-objective optimization algorithm NSGA-II. In the end, the performance of the proposed method is examined on the 9-bus system.
Wide-area measurement systems (WAMS) have been used in powersystems for centralized control purposes. One of the most important factors in the wide-area monitoring and control of powersystems is availability of sens...
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Wide-area measurement systems (WAMS) have been used in powersystems for centralized control purposes. One of the most important factors in the wide-area monitoring and control of powersystems is availability of sensor measurements. Sensor failure can be called either a communication lost between sensor and controller or failure of a sensor itself. This paper, addresses fault tolerant control (FTC) of powersystems subject to sensor failure. Hiding the fault from the controller allows the nominal controller to remain in the loop. We assume specific faults that violate observability of a subsystem, and cannot rely on these faulty subsystems when estimating states. We use a new method for reconfiguration control of these faults that lead to unobservability of subsystems. The method proposes augmenting a faulty subsystems with another subsystem(s) until a new subsystem is achieved that is observable. Next, finding the best subsystems among available candidates is considered and using structural analysis methods and grammian definition, a complete algorithm is proposed for robust control of powersystems. IEEE 14-bus test case is selected as a benchmark in transient analysis to show effectiveness of the proposed method. Simulation results show that the introduced approach works as intended. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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