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11th IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT)

作者： Loyola, Pablo Ko, In-Young Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Div Web Sci & Technol Daejeon South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci Div Web Sci & Technol Daejeon South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9780769548807;9781467360579

The evolution of the Web has allowed the generation of several platforms for collaborative work. One of the main contributors to these advances is the open source initiative, in which projects are boosted to a new level of interaction and cooperation that improves their software quality and reliability. In order to understand how the group of contributors interacts with the software under development, we propose a novel methodology that adapts Lotka-Volterra-based biological models used for host-parasite interaction. In that sense, we used the concept mutualism from social parasites. Preliminary results based on experiments on the Github collaborative platform showed that open source phenomena can be modeled as a mutualistic system, in terms of the evolution of the population of developers and repositories.

关键词： Web-based collaborative work Population models open source software development

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On the Use of Emoticons in open source software development 18

On the Use of Emoticons in Open Source Software Development

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12th ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM) as part of the Empirical software Engineering International Week (ESEIW)

作者： Claes, Maelick Mantyla, Mika Farooq, Umar Univ Oulu M3S ITEE Oulu Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450358231

Background: Using sentiment analysis to study software developers' behavior comes with challenges such as the presence of a large amount of technical discussion unlikely to express any positive or negative sentiment. However, emoticons provide information about developer sentiments that can easily be extracted from software repositories. Aim: We investigate how software developers use emoticons differently in issue trackers in order to better understand the differences between developers and determine to which extent emoticons can be used as in place of sentiment analysis. Method: We extract emoticons from 1.3M comments from Apache's issue tracker and 4.5M from Mozilla's issue tracker using regular expressions built from a list of emoticons used by SentiStrength and Wikipedia. We check for statistical differences using Mann-Whitney U tests and determine the effect size with Cliff's delta. Results: Overall Mozilla developers rely more on emoticons than Apache developers. While the overall rate of comments with emoticons is of 1% and 3% for Apache and Mozilla, some individual developers can have a rate up to 21%. Looking specifically at Mozilla developers, we find that western developers use significantly more emoticons (with medium size effect) than eastern developers. While the majority of emoticons are used to express joy, we find that Mozilla developers use emoticons more frequently to express sadness and surprise than Apache developers. Finally, we find that Apache developers use overall more emoticons during weekends than during weekdays, with the share of sad and surprised emoticons increasing during weekends. Conclusions: While emoticons are primarily used to express joy, the more occasional use of sad and surprised emoticons can potentially be utilized to detect frustration in place of sentiment analysis among developers using emoticons frequently enough.

关键词： Emoticons Sentiment Analysis Repository Mining Emoticon Usage Emotions open source software development

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Managing Code Debt in open source software development Projects: A Digital Options Perspective 26

Managing Code Debt in Open Source Software Development Proje...

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Conference of the Association-for-Information-Systems (AMCIS)

作者： Yang, Yukun Boodraj, Maheshwar Georgia State Univ Atlanta GA 30303 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781733632546

In this study, we examine the impact of three commonly used digital options on the accumulation of code debt in open source software development (OSSD) projects. Further, we examine the impact of code debt on three measures of OSSD project performance. Specifically, we hypothesize that increased use of defer options and abandon options is negatively related to the accumulation of code debt, while increased use of growth options is positively related to the accumulation of code debt. Further, we hypothesize that while the accumulation of code debt is negatively related to a project's market success and the engagement of peripheral developers, it is positively related to the engagement of core developers. To test our hypotheses, we plan to collect and analyze project data from a leading OSSD platform. We expect our findings to provide new theoretical perspectives for researchers and actionable insights for software practitioners.

关键词： Digital options code debt technical debt open source software development IT project management

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Discursive construction of 'user innovations' in the open source software development context

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INFORMATION AND ORGANIZATION 2010年第2期20卷 111-132页

作者： Iivari, Netta Univ Oulu Dept Informat Proc Sci Oulu 90014 Finland

This paper analyzes the discursive construction of user innovations in open source software (OSS) development. A review of the literature on user innovation is conducted, after which a refined conceptualization of this topic encompassing the Foucauldian and social shaping of technology traditions is offered. A discourse analytic approach is used to examine both the process and the outcome of user innovation. Through an interpretive case study, a set of discourses evolving within an OSS project's website is identified, each implying particular subject positions for the OSS users and OSS developers in software production and consumption processes. Particular kinds of subject positions for the OSS users are adopted, negotiated, opposed as well as created by the OSS users in the analyzed discourses. The developers are in an authoritative position as the decision-makers and the ones realizing the innovations, but the users are allowed important positions of co-creators and co-cultivators. User innovation is characterized as a continuous, evolving co-creation process of the modes of subjectivity offered for the OSS users. This kind of process could be experimented with in other kinds of development contexts. On the other hand, this study questions many assumptions related to user innovation that are taken for granted, highlighting the difficulty of simply and straightforwardly enhancing it in any context. Finally, implications for theory and practice are discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： User innovation open source software development Discourse Textuality

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Multistage Growth Model for Code Change Events in open source software development: An Example using development of Nagios 40

Multistage Growth Model for Code Change Events in Open Sourc...

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40th Euromicro Conference on software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)

作者： Aman, Hirohisa Yamashita, Akiko Sasaki, Takashi Kawahara, Minoru Ehime Univ Ctr Informat Technol Matsuyama Ehime 7908577 Japan Ehime Univ Dept Comp Sci Matsuyama Ehime 7908577 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479957958

In recent years, many open source software (OSS) products have become popular and widely used in the information technology (IT) business. To successfully run IT business, it is important to properly understand the OSS development status. Having a proper understanding of development status is necessary to evaluate and predict the product quality. However, the OSS development status is not easy to understand, because it is often concurrently developed by many distributed contributors, and its developmental structure is complicated. To aid the understanding of the development status, there is an approach that models the trend of source code change events (evolution) with a growth curve. Although an application of growth curves seems to be a promising approach, there has been a big issue that a single growth curve is often unsuitable for modeling the whole evolution because of its complex evolutionary behavior. This paper proposes a multistage model that divides the whole development period into some stages, and applies a different growth curve to a different stage. The empirical investigation in this paper shows that the switching points of stages have meaningful associations with the release dates.

关键词： public domain software software quality source code (software) IT business OSS development status code change events complex evolutionary behavior development period developmental structure distributed contributors growth curve information technology business multistage growth model open source software development open source software products product quality source code change events Computational modeling Data models Logistics Market research Mathematical model software Switches open source software Growth curves development time market research data models computer software software quality Computational modeling Logistics Switches Mathematical Model information technology Office of the Supervising Scientist

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Boundary Spanners in open source software development A Study of Python Email Archives 24

Boundary Spanners in Open Source Software Development A Stud...

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24th Asia-Pacific software Engineering Conference (APSEC)

作者： Sharma, Pankajeshwara N. Savarimuthu, Bastin Tony Roy Stanger, Nigel Univ Otago Dept Informat Sci Dunedin New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9781538636817

In many open source software development communities, a significant proportion of development is undertaken by a relatively small number of individuals, the "core members". The stability and longevity of this group of most active developers are crucial for the success of the project. While there has been prior work on identifying key individuals in open source development, little attention has been devoted to the identification of cross-cutting core individuals (boundary spanners) whose responsibilities span across different functional areas of open source development (e.g., who are involved both in development-centric activities and user-centric activities). To address this gap, we propose an approach to identify the core cross-cutting members and their roles within the community through analyzing email communication repositories. We use Social Network Analysis (SNA) tools to identify the most active core members in different forums (that have different focus such as Python-dev that focuses on language evolution and Python Lists that focus on user support), and their activities over time, thus identifying the core developers and their involvement in different community mailing lists. Based on the involvement of a core developer and the overall social structure of the network of core developers, we also present an approach for identifying a potential replacement for a community administrator that steps down. Using email repositories of six main Python forums as the case study domain, we computed several social network analysis metrics to characterize the core developers and their importance in the Python community.

关键词： Social Network Analysis open source software development Python Community development

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Exploring the impact of socio-technical core-periphery structures in open source software development

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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 2010年第2期25卷 216-229页

作者： Amrit, Chintan van Hillegersberg, Jos Univ Twente Dept Informat Syst & Change Management Fac Management & Governance NL-7500 AE Enschede Netherlands

In this paper we apply the social network concept of core-periphery structure to the socio-technical structure of a software development team. We propose a socio-technical pattern that can be used to locate emerging coordination problems in open source projects. With the help of our tool and method called TESNA, we demonstrate a method to monitor the socio-technical core-periphery movement in open source projects. We then study the impact of different core-periphery movements on open source projects. We conclude that a steady core-periphery shift towards the core is beneficial to the project, whereas shifts away from the core are clearly not good. Furthermore, oscillatory shifts towards and away from the core can be considered as an indication of the instability of the project. Such an analysis can provide developers with a good insight into the health of an open source project. Researchers can gain from the pattern theory, and from the method we use to study the core-periphery movements. Journal of Information Technology (2010) 25, 216-229. doi:10.1057/jit.2010.7

关键词： core-periphery coordination open source software development

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Impact of social features implemented in open collaboration platforms on volunteer self-organization: case study of open source software development 13

Impact of social features implemented in open collaboration ...

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Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on open Collaboration

作者： Junghong Choi Bruce Ferwerda Jungpil Hahn Jinwoo Kim Jae Yun Moon Yonsei University Seoul South Korea National University of Singapore Singapore Korea University Business School Seongbuk-Gu Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781450318525

The promise of collective intelligence emerging from voluntary participation, contribution and knowledge sharing brought about by ubiquitous information and communication technologies has recently attracted the attention of academics and practitioners alike. Of many related phenomena, open source software (OSS) development has been touted as one of the leading examples that speak to the potential of collective intelligence. Recently, the advent of novel open collaboration platforms for open source software development, such as Github, has prompted researchers to examine the impact of increased work transparency induced by the introduction of social features on voluntary self-organization and allocation of resources to projects. We present both qualitative and quantitative analyses from which we derive some initial propositions regarding the impact of transparency on voluntary self-organization processes and decision mechanisms.

关键词： transparency github social computing information overload open source software development social coding

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A systematic mapping study on the open source software development process

A systematic mapping study on the open source software devel...

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16th International Conference on Evaluation & Assessment in software Engineering (EASE 2012)

作者： Silvia T. Acuña John W. Castro Oscar Dieste Natalia Juristo Departamento de Ingeniería Informática Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain Facultad de Informática Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Boadilla del Monte Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781622762538

Background: There is no globally accepted open source software development process to define how open source software is developed in practice. A process description is important for coordinating all the software development activities involving both people and technology. Aim: The research question that this study sets out to answer is: What activities do open source software process models contain? The activity groups on which it focuses are Concept Exploration, software Requirements, Design, Maintenance and Evaluation. Method: We conduct a systematic mapping study (SMS). A SMS is a form of systematic literature review that aims to identify and classify available research papers concerning a particular issue. Results: We located a total of 29 primary studies, which we categorized by the open source software project that they examine and by activity types (Concept Exploration, software Requirements, Design, Maintenance and Evaluation). The activities present in most of the open source software development processes were Execute Tests and Conduct Reviews, which belong to the Evaluation activities group. Maintenance is the only group that has primary studies addressing all the activities that it contains. Conclusions: The primary studies located by the SMS are the starting point for analyzing the open source software development process and proposing a process model for this community. The papers in our paper pool that describe a specific open source software project provide more regarding our research question than the papers that talk about open source software development without referring to a specific open source software project.

关键词： Systematic mapping study open source software development software engineering open source software activity PROCESS development Synchronous meteorological satellites SMS gene software design computer software procedural model source software

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Demo: ALERT - real-time coordination in open source software development 13

Demo: ALERT - real-time coordination in open source software...

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Proceedings of the 7th ACM international conference on Distributed event-based systems

作者： Dominik Riemer Ljiljana Stojanovic Nenad Stojanovic FZI Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450317580

In this demo, we present the final version of the ALERT system. ALERT aims to improve the collaboration and coordination of developers in open source software development. In this sense, ALERT provides active support for developers in form of real-time notifications. The system is based on an event-driven architecture which integrates data from several information sources used by developers, e.g., forums, source code management systems and issue trackers. This data is acquired by push sensors, preprocessed by several middle-tier components and send to a complex event detector in order to provide real-time decision support for multiple daily development tasks.

关键词： semantic technologies open source software development complex event processing

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