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Early Identification of Locally Emerging Trends in Psychoactive Substance Use - Experience and Best Practice in Four European Localities

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SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE 2019年第10期54卷 1633-1645页

作者： Drapalova, Eva Belackova, Vendula Calado, Dina Van Dongen, Alex Paneva, Iva Pavarin, Raimondo Polidori, Edoardo Grund, Jean-Paul Charles Univ Prague Fac Med 1 Dept Addictol Prague Czech Republic Gen Univ Hosp Prague Prague Czech Republic Municipal Agueda Agueda Portugal Novadic Kentron Vught Netherlands Assoc Our World Sofia Bulgaria Azienda USL Bologna Mental Hlth DSM DP Epidemiol Monitoring Ctr Addict Bologna Italy Azienda USL Romagna Emilia Romagna Region Italy

Background: Timely information about trends in psychoactive substance use could yield tailored interventions and reduce potential harms. However, conventional epidemiological tools might have limited capacity to detect trends emerging on a local level. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore best practice in the identification of new drug trends at the local level. Methods: A total of 33 key informants from seven European municipalities/regions were interviewed to describe trends in substance use in their locality and to provide expert insights on how these were identified. Semi-structured interviews were analyzed with open coding method. Results: Four case studies that described local trends and responses were compiled: onset of problematic GHB use in the Dutch municipality of Breda (1);emerging retail shops selling new psychoactive substances (NPS) across the regions of Czech Republic (2) and in the Portuguese Agueda and Coimbra (3);and use of drugs with unknown content in the Italian region of Emilia Romagna, and its city Bologna (4). "Early identifiers" in the four case studies were organizations that work directly with people who use drugs (PWUD), emergency departments, and local police. Efficient methods of horizontal and vertical information sharing, sometimes facilitated by communication platforms, were in place, such that included early warning systems on local, national, and supra-local level. Local-level identification systems appeared as best suited to provide locally relevant information. Conclusions: Best practice in identifying emerging trends should involve all relevant "early identifiers", should consist of supra-local exchange platforms, integrate the qualities of local-level identification, and be facilitated by local-level coordinators.

关键词： New psychoactive substances trends in substance use key informant interviews open coding trend identification and response

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Bridging From Goals to Tasks with Design Study Analysis Reports

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2018年第1期24卷 435-445页

作者： Lam, Heidi Tory, Melanie Munzner, Tamara Tableau Res Seattle WA 98103 USA Univ British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada

Visualization researchers and practitioners engaged in generating or evaluating designs are faced with the difficult problem of transforming the questions asked and actions taken by target users from domain-specific language and context into more abstract forms. Existing abstract task classifications aim to provide support for this endeavour by providing a carefully delineated suite of actions. Our experience is that this bottom-up approach is part of the challenge: low-level actions are difficult to interpret without a higher-level context of analysis goals and the analysis process. To bridge this gap, we propose a framework based on analysis reports derived from open-coding 20 design study papers published at IEEE InfoVis 2009-2015, to build on the previous work of abstractions that collectively encompass a broad variety of domains. The framework is organized in two axes illustrated by nine analysis goals. It helps situate the analysis goals by placing each goal under axes of specificity (Explore, Describe, Explain, Confirm) and number of data populations (Single, Multiple). The single-population types are Discover Observation, Describe Observation, Identify Main Cause, and Collect Evidence. The multiple-population types are Compare Entities, Explain Differences, and Evaluate Hypothesis. Each analysis goal is scoped by an input and an output and is characterized by analysis steps reported in the design study papers. We provide examples of how we and others have used the framework in a top-down approach to abstracting domain problems: visualization designers or researchers first identify the analysis goals of each unit of analysis in an analysis stream, and then encode the individual steps using existing task classifications with the context of the goal, the level of specificity, and the number of populations involved in the analysis.

关键词： Framework Data Analysis Analysis Goals Design Studies open coding Task Classifications

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Aspect Analysis of Cebu Establishments' Online Reviews using k-means Clustering and word2vec 3

Aspect Analysis of Cebu Establishments' Online Reviews using...

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3rd International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems (ICCCS)

作者： Capao, Kris Gorro, Ken D. Gorro, Kim D. Sabellano, Mary Jane Militante, Cris Lawrence Adrian G. Manalili, Justin Paul C. Univ San Carlos Sch Arts & Sci Dept Comp & Informat Sci Cebu Cebu Philippines

ISBN: (纸本)9781538663509

Customer reviews are important part to any business. With the development of the technology, customer reviews are usually found on the internet. In this study, online reviews from different Cebu establishments were gathered using selenium as web scraper. A total of 3776 online reviews were gathered. Word2vec and k-means clustering were utilized to analyze and discover different online review corpora. To identify the best number of clusters, a series of experiments were conducted to find for the best Silhouette coefficient. For better analysis of k-means clustering, open coding was used to understand the significant qualitative codes. Based on the k-means clustering results, the following qualitative codes were identified: time, staff friendly, service, affordable, love, food, price, ambiance, good, great, relax. Analyses of the clusters show that quality service, tasty and affordable food and good atmosphere are the significant aspect that the online reviews are concerned. Based on the word2vec results, the researchers focused on the following words: Waiters, relax, great, ambiance, service and tasty. The results of the study provide meaningful insights on the group of words obtained using the analogy to word2vec model, as well as the subject focus of the categories.

关键词： K-means clustering Word2vec open coding

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Data governance activities: a comparison between scientific and practice-oriented literature

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JOURNAL OF ENTERPRISE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2018年第2期31卷 300-316页

作者： Alhassan, Ibrahim Sammon, David Daly, Mary Univ Coll Cork Business Informat Syst Cork Ireland

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the current literature on data governance in scientific and practice-oriented publications, and to provide a comparative analysis of the activities reported for data governance. Data have become a key organisational asset and data governance both a necessary and critical activity. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive literature review is conducted in order to identify the published material that reflects the current state of knowledge. A systematic procedure was followed that identified 61 publications that explicitly mention data governance activities. open coding techniques were applied to conduct content analysis, resulting in the identification of 591 concepts. A critical analysis also identified gaps in the literature. Findings The analysis identified 120 data governance activities which are understood as: action plus area of governance plus decision domain (e.g. define data policies for data quality). The authors define and present a data governance activities model based on the analysis. The analysis also shows a higher volume of data governance activities reported by practice-oriented publications that are associated with the implement and monitor actions of the areas of governance across the decision domains compared with scientific publications, whereas The authors found that the scientific publications focus more on defining activities. The results contribute to identifying research gaps and concerns on which ongoing and future research efforts can be focused. Research limitations/implications This paper is of interest to both academics and practitioners, as it helps them understand the activities associated with a data governance programme. Current literature fails to provide a comprehensive understanding of the data governance activities that are required when considering a data governance programme. Therefore, the proposed model for data governance activities can be used to give insights into these

关键词： Content analysis Data governance Data governance activities open coding

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Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Qualitative Public Health Research: A Proof of Concept Study

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUALITATIVE METHODS 2019年 18卷

作者： Leeson, William Resnick, Adam Alexander, Daniel Rovers, John Drake Univ Coll Arts & Sci Des Moines IA 50311 USA Drake Univ Coll Pharm & Hlth Sci 2507 Univ Ave Des Moines IA 50311 USA

Qualitative data-analysis methods provide thick, rich descriptions of subjects' thoughts, feelings, and lived experiences but may be time-consuming, labor-intensive, or prone to bias. Natural language processing (NLP) is a machine learning technique from computer science that uses algorithms to analyze textual data. NLP allows processing of large amounts of data almost instantaneously. As researchers become conversant with NLP, it is becoming more frequently employed outside of computer science and shows promise as a tool to analyze qualitative data in public health. This is a proof of concept paper to evaluate the potential of NLP to analyze qualitative data. Specifically, we ask if NLP can support conventional qualitative analysis, and if so, what its role is. We compared a qualitative method of open coding with two forms of NLP, Topic Modeling, and Word2Vec to analyze transcripts from interviews conducted in rural Belize querying men about their health needs. All three methods returned a series of terms that captured ideas and concepts in subjects' responses to interview questions. open coding returned 5-10 words or short phrases for each question. Topic Modeling returned a series of word-probability pairs that quantified how well a word captured the topic of a response. Word2Vec returned a list of words for each interview question ordered by which words were predicted to best capture the meaning of the passage. For most interview questions, all three methods returned conceptually similar results. NLP may be a useful adjunct to qualitative analysis. NLP may be performed after data have undergone open coding as a check on the accuracy of the codes. Alternatively, researchers can perform NLP prior to open coding and use the results to guide their creation of their codebook.

关键词： machine learning natural language processing open coding topic modeling Word2Vec public health research

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First-time-right IT project delivery practices

First-time-right IT project delivery practices

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作者： Vasundhara Mothukuru Eindhoven University of Technology

学位级别：硕士

The main problem for this research is to find first-time-right best practices in software field. However, there are no general articles or literature studies that provide a specific list of best practices. In this research, a decent list of best practices has been found through literature studies. After finding the best practices, a case study has been performed in the organization. The case study consists of semi- structured interviews. From the answers provided by semi-structured interviewees, open code analysis is done to provide concise results on how the company accepts and follows the best practices. It is hoped that this research will be helpful for software (IT) companies and social sciences regarding applying or conducting further research in their company for best-practices assessment.

关键词： First-Time-Right Six-Sigma Quality IT Best Practices open coding Case-Study Semi-Structured Interviews

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An Analysis of DRR Suggestions Using K-means Clustering 2017

An Analysis of DRR Suggestions Using K-means Clustering

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International Conference on Information Technology (ICIT)

作者： Go Bui, Shelly Marie Gorro, Ken Angelo Aquino, Gio Jane Sabellano, Mary Univ San Carlos Cebu Philippines

ISBN: (纸本)9781450363518

This study analyzes the Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) responses on the conducted survey by the National University, Manila, Philippines using k-means clustering. Data preprocessing was implemented to omit irrelevant data for better accuracy. After the data has gone through the algorithm, the study identified labels on the clusters produced such as: attentiveness and alertness, early preparation on upcoming calamities, emergency planning, barangay concern, conduct training seminars/drills, and importance of drainage system. Generally, the results suggest ideas like disaster preparedness, public awareness, and infrastructural improvements. To evaluate k-means results, silhouette Coefficient, an algorithm of intra-cluster distance was used. The result shows an average of approximately 0.0150511564685 which its values is close to 0. It shows that the sample is on or very near to the decision boundary in the nearby clusters. The result of the average silhouette score is acceptable in the distance between each cluster from one another.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction word embedding word vector clustering analysis machine learning k-means clustering centroid open coding intra-cluster distance and silhouette coefficient

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ABC's Quantico: A critical discourse analysis of female superiority and racial stereotypes

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CRITICAL STUDIES IN TELEVISION 2017年第3期12卷 273-288页

作者： Pafford, Audrey Matusitz, Jonathan Univ Cent Florida Sanford FL 32773 USA Univ Cent Florida Nicholson Sch Commun Sanford FL 32773 USA

This article uses critical discourse analysis (CDA) to analyse occurrences of female superiority and racial stereotypes in Quantico, ABC's breakthrough show in fall 2015. This show features Alex Parrish, a strong female lead of Indian descent. Through the use of CDA, we looked closely at the behaviours and aggressive language of the show's characters. After analysing season 1 of Quantico (roughly 405 minutes of material), an important conclusion of this study is that, unlike other prime-time television tendencies in the past, the results of this analysis showed significantly more occurrences of female superiority than racial stereotyping. Evidence of female superiority came in the measures that concerned aggressive/authoritative language, violent behaviour and the sexualising of characters on ABC's Quantico.

关键词： Aggressive language critical discourse analysis female superiority open coding racial stereotyping sex US television drama

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Classroom research in religious education: The potential of grounded theory

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HTS TEOLOGIESE STUDIES-THEOLOGICAL STUDIES 2017年第4期73卷

作者： Rothgangel, Martin Saup, Judith Univ Vienna Evangel Theolog Fak Vienna Austria Univ Pretoria Fac Theol Dept Pract Theol Pretoria South Africa

Grounded theory is one of the most common qualitative research strategies in social sciences. Currently, many applications of this theory are being developed for religious education. In the article it is argued that grounded theory deserves special attention for classroom research in religious education. For this reason, the basic features (fundamental openness and concurrence of data collection and analysis;constant comparison and asking analytical questions) as well as the coding strategies (open, axial, and selective) of grounded theory will be explained and concretised. An analysis of one example sequence demonstrates how grounded theory may be used to emphasise the communicative and substantive aspects (as well as the interaction between the two) of classroom interaction, therefore lending itself to data analysis. In this manner, grounded theory can also be used for an intensive analysis of a student's learning process, as the authors have done in one student profile analysis, as well as for a comparative analysis of teaching practice in an actual class or even a variety of classes.

关键词： Axial coding Classroom research Grounded theory open coding Qualitative research strategies Religious education Selective coding Student profile analysis

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Lay involvement in the analysis of qualitative data in health services research: A descriptive study

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Research Involvement and Engagement 2016年第1期2卷 1-12页

作者： Garfield, S. Jheeta, S. Husson, F. Jacklin, A. Bischler, A. Norton, C. Franklin, B.D. Centre for Medication Safety and Service Quality Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust London United Kingdom Research Department of Practice and Policy UCL School of Pharmacy Mezzanine Floor BMA House Tavistock Square London United Kingdom Pharmacy Department Chelsea and Westminster Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust London United Kingdom King’s College London Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust London 57 Waterloo Road London SE1 8WA United Kingdom

Background It is recognised that involving lay people in research in a meaningful rather than tokenistic way is both important and challenging. In this paper, we contribute to this debate by describing our experiences of lay involvement in data analysis. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews with the lay partners and researchers involved in qualitative data analysis in a wider study of inpatient involvement in medication safety. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded using open thematic analysis. Results We interviewed three lay partners and the three researchers involved. These interviews demonstrated that the lay members added value to the analysis by bringing their own perspectives;these were systematically integrated into the analysis by the lead researcher to create a synergistic output. Some challenges arose, including difficulties in recruiting a diverse range of members of the public to carry out the role;however there were generally fewer challenges in data analysis than there had been with our previous experience of lay partners’ involvement in data collection. Conclusions Lay members can add value to health services research by being involved in qualitative data analysis. © 2016 The Author(s).

关键词： Health services research Lay involvement open coding Patient and public involvement Qualitative data analysis

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