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38th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education

作者： Talton, Jerry O. Fitzpatrick, Darren Univ Calif Santa Cruz Dept Comp Sci Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781595933614

A long-standing difficulty in the development of introductory courses in computer graphics is balancing the educational necessity of ensuring mastery of fundamental graphical concepts with the highly desirable goal of exciting and inspiring students to further study by enabling them to produce visually interesting programming projects. Recently, we have developed a modified curriculum predicated on the extensive integration of the opengl shading language with a more traditional pedagogical approach. We utilized this curriculum in the quarter-long, upper-division introductory graphics course taught in the Department of Computer Science at. the University of California, Santa Cruz. Our experience indicates that making shading an integral part of the entry-level curriculum inculcates students with a comprehensive understanding of the algorithms and mathematical concepts that underlie modern graphical systems, while simultaneously equipping them with the tools necessary to produce complex projects with state-of-the-art technology.

关键词： opengl shading language graphics pedagogy

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Retina simulation using cellular automata and GPU programming

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MACHINE VISION AND APPLICATIONS 2007年第6期18卷 331-342页

作者： Gobron, Stephane Devillard, Francois Heit, Bernard Henri Poincare Univ St Die Vosges Inst technol UMR CNRS 7039 CRAN F-88100 Saint Die Vosges France Univ Marseille 2 Movement & Perception Lab F-13288 Marseille France Henri Poincare Univ ESSTIN F-54500 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy France

This article shows how the architectural modelization of biological retina allows real-time performances, on standard widespread computing systems. First, we describe the biological retina with regard to its pipeline architecture, detailing its layer behaviours and properties. Then we propose a corresponding pipelined model of artificial retina based on cellular automata. In this work, the main innovation is the computing method based on the programming of a personal computer graphical card using opengl shading language. The last section demonstrates the efficiency of our model through numerical and graphical results. We lay particular emphasis on the fact that our direct implementation of the Graphical Processor Unit (GPU) provides computation power about 20 times as fast as conventional programming.

关键词： computer vision real-time computing artificial retina Graphical Processor Unit programming opengl shading language cellular automata

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Interactive brain shift compensation using GPU based programming

Interactive brain shift compensation using GPU based program...

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Conference on Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostic Systems VII

作者： van der Steen, Sander Noordmans, Herke Jan Verdaasdonk, Rudolf UMC Utrecht Dept Med Technol & Clin Phys NL-3584 CX Utrecht Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780819474155

Processing large images files or real-time video streams requires intense computational power. Driven by the gaming industry, the processing power of graphic process units (GPUs) has increased significantly. With the pixel shader model 4.0 the GPU can be used for image processing 10x faster than the CPU. Dedicated software was developed to deform 3D MR and CT image sets for real-time brain shift correction during navigated neurosurgery using landmarks or cortical surface traces defined by the navigation pointer. Feedback was given using orthogonal slices and an interactively ray-traced 3D brain image. GPU based programming enables real-time processing of high definition image datasets and various applications can be developed in medicine, optics and image sciences.

关键词： Neuroimaging image analysis opengl shading language image registration volume rendering general-purpose computing on graphics processing units

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Platform independent real -time X3D shaders and their applications in bioinformatics visualization

Platform independent real -time X3D shaders and their applic...

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作者： Liu, Feng Georgia State University

学位级别：Ph.D.

Since the introduction of programmable Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) and procedural shaders, hardware vendors have each developed their own individual real-time shading language standard. None of these shading languages is fully platform independent. Although this real-time programmable shader technology could be developed into 3D application on a single system, this platform dependent limitation keeps the shader technology away from 3D Internet applications. The primary purpose of this dissertation is to design a framework for translating different shader formats to platform independent shaders and embed them into the eXtensible 3D (X3D) scene for 3D web applications. This framework includes a back-end core shader converter, which translates shaders among different shading languages with a middle XML layer. Also included is a shader library containing a basic set of shaders that developers can load and add shaders to. This framework will then be applied to some applications in Biomolecular Visualization. We first defined a minimal set of shaders for common elements in protein molecules such as "Carbon", "Nitrogen", "Oxygen", "Hydrogen", "Phosphorus", "Sulphur", and "Other", which is used for all undefined elements. Then 3D molecule data sets are converted in a pipeline from PDB to CML to X31). During the conversion from CML to X3D, we automatically add predefined shaders to each of the elements. At the end of this pipeline, a high quality real-time shaded molecular structure is created and ready for use on the Web. Considering the usability, a set of functions for improving the user manipulation and optimizing the real-time interactive performance has been designed. A Multi-Users Shared Envirnment has been set up for sharing dynamic shaders on Web3D application.

关键词： web3D Shader GPU X3D VRML Shader language Converter SLC High-Level shading language Cg opengl shading language XML 3D Molecule Structure PDB CML Level of Quality LOQ Multi-Users Shared Envirnment MUSE

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Simulating clouds with procedural texturing techniques using the GPU

Simulating clouds with procedural texturing techniques using...

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作者： Tarantilis, Georgios E. Naval Postgraduate School

学位级别：硕士

Many 3D training simulations employ static, and to some extent, simplistic natural phenomena representation that often leaves much to be desired. Taking advantage of the latest advancements in computer graphics hardware allows modeling dynamic natural phenomena such as clouds. Specifically, utilizing procedural techniques and high-level shading languages, it is possible to produce considerably more realistic simulations. This thesis designed and implemented a visual simulation component, which renders convincing clouds using procedural noise-based texture mapping techniques. Both traditional rendering and shader-enabled rendering supported by the opengl shading language are utilized. This component has been included in the Delta3d simulation engine and is used to create convincing clouds in outdoor simulations while the performance penalty imposed is considered acceptable. Custom tools have been developed for easy noise texture parameterization and cross-platform compatibility has been demonstrated.

关键词： 3D Training Simulations Clouds Convincing Clouds Rendering Shader-Enable Rendering opengl shading language Delta3d Simulation Engine Texture Parameterization Cross-Platform Compatibility

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Pokročilý rendering pomocí knihovny OpenSceneGraph

Pokročilý rendering pomocí knihovny OpenSceneGraph

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作者： Ondruška, Jiří Brno University of Technology

Tato bakalářská práce má za úkol předvést knihovnu OpenSceneGraph a její použití v kombinaci se shadery psanými v opengl shading language. Práce se nejdříve věnu... 详细信息

Tato bakalářská práce má za úkol předvést knihovnu OpenSceneGraph a její použití v kombinaci se shadery psanými v opengl shading language. Práce se nejdříve věnuje právě základům jazyka GLSL. Následující kapitola představí základy práce s knihovnou OpenSceneGraph. Další kapitoly se pak věnují postupně jednotlivým shaderům. Prvně je to vertex displacement mapping, po něm následuje cartooning a posledním shaderem je vodní hladina.

关键词： opengl shading language GLSL OpenSceneGraph OSG graf scény posun vertexu nerealistické zobrazení scény detekce hran laplaceův operátor sobelův operátor vodní hladina hloubková mapa normálová mapa opengl shading language GLSL OpenSceneGraph

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Programovatelné shadery v opengl

Programovatelné shadery v OpenGL

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作者： Radil, Přemek Brno University of Technology

V dnešní době se opengl používá převážně pro tvorbu počítačových her, CAD programů, aplikací virtuální reality, leteckých simulací či vědeckotechnických v... 详细信息

V dnešní době se opengl používá převážně pro tvorbu počítačových her, CAD programů, aplikací virtuální reality, leteckých simulací či vědeckotechnických vizualizací. Tato bakalářská práce se zabýva tvorbou shaderů v jazyce opengl shading language a jejich připojením právě k opengl aplikacím. Jejím cílem je popsat postupy tvorby efektů vytvářejících hloubku ostrosti, záři a měkké stíny a poskytnout o těchto postupech tutoriál. První kapitoly sdělují informace o opengl a rozšiřující knihovně opengl Utility Toolkit a také ukazují některé obecné postupy potřebné k dosažení výše uvedených efektů. Poslední kapitoly se pak věnují přímo shaderům vytvářejícím tyto efekty.

关键词： GLSL opengl shading language opengl opengl Utility Toolkit GLUT rozostření hloubka ostrosti záře měkké stíny hloubková mapa framebuffer objekt FBO GLSL opengl shading language opengl opengl Utility Toolkit GLUT blur depth of field glow

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Měření výkonnosti opengl

Měření výkonnosti OpenGL

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作者： Rehorčík, Pavol Brno University of Technology

Tato práce se zabývá teoretickou a praktickou stránkou tvorby testovací aplikace výkonu opengl se zaměřením na shadere. V teoretické části práce jsou jednotlivě pops... 详细信息

Tato práce se zabývá teoretickou a praktickou stránkou tvorby testovací aplikace výkonu opengl se zaměřením na shadere. V teoretické části práce jsou jednotlivě popsány užity techniky a přincíp použití shaderů. Jádrem celé práce je praktická část, tedy tvorba a implementace tito testovací aplikace. V závěrečné části práce zhodnocuji naměřené výsledky a možná rozšíření.

关键词： opengl shader vertex shader fragment shader shader procesor opengl shading language GLSL měření výkonu point light textúrování simple parallax mapping steep parallax mapping parallax occlusion mapping self-shadowing. opengl shader vertex s

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基于OpenSceneGraph的隧道照明布设仿真器系统实现

基于OpenSceneGraph的隧道照明布设仿真器系统实现

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作者：蔡超长安大学

学位级别：硕士

随着我国公路交通事业的快速发展，高速公路网规划的不断完善，以及高速公路信息化管理的发展趋势，公路设计行业对于传统的设计手段也提出了新的要求。在基于二维平面的线性设计、结构设计、布局设计的基础上，应更加突出公路实体与环... 详细信息

随着我国公路交通事业的快速发展，高速公路网规划的不断完善，以及高速公路信息化管理的发展趋势，公路设计行业对于传统的设计手段也提出了新的要求。在基于二维平面的线性设计、结构设计、布局设计的基础上，应更加突出公路实体与环境的融合，强调公路交通系统对于感官的和谐性。基于此，本文针对隧道机电工程中的照明设计部分，使用虚拟现实技术和计算机三维可视化技术，进行了三维环境下照明设计平台的开发，实现了基于OpenSceneGraph的隧道照明布设仿真器系统。该系统可完成三维环境下对隧道照明工程的设计任务，实现了隧道灯具的实时布设与观察，并根据布设情况进行照明仿真，可模拟灯具布设后的隧道照明环境。本文首先对平台开发涉及的两部分基础理论知识予以介绍，分别为隧道照明理论与OSG相关技术基础。隧道照明理论主要包括驾驶员视觉特点及影响因素，隧道照明区段的划分，灯具特性与布设等，这是本系统具备应用价值的理论依据；其次对平台开发中使用到的OSG及计算机图形学相关内容予以介绍，包括视图、OSG场景组织原理、opengl着色语言和计算机光照计算等，这些作为平台开发涉及的技术层面的基础。而后，对系统中隧道内照明效果模拟进行了详细的探讨。针对隧道地面和墙壁照明部分使用着色器技术进行渲染。根据极对称轴照明器特性，采用了圆锥体与隧道模型取交的方法获得照明渲染范围，对相交得出的地面形状进行近似圆形处理，并利用聚光灯衰减原理，使用聚光衰减效果值作为混合因子对该圆面进行插值着色；对交得的墙面部分将平面着色计算扩展到空间球体进行衰减着色，最终形成逼真的明暗过渡照明效果。针对这种着色方法中存在的多灯照明效果边缘相交问题给出控制着色范围的解决方法。最后利用对同类等距灯具分组的方法，实现了隧道全线灯具照明序列的排列。除此之外，系统辅助以OSG内置光源进行光照计算，为隧道模型两端分别添加一个OSG内置位置性光源，为灯具布设的观察提供亮度。OpenSceneGraph内置光源与shader着色器配合使用构成了系统中的隧道整体的照明结构。最后介绍了平台人机交互功能的实现，主要包括基于CEGUI的灯具布设控制，系统操作器的实现与切换。在总结OSG环境下用户交互事件处理机理与步骤的基础上，基于CEGUI分析系统功能并构建菜单界面，通过面板界面输入相关灯具布设参数，实现对隧道灯具的实时布设；针对系统中模拟行车环境与全局观察灯具布设情况的两种要求，实现了一个行车操作器，添加了轨迹球操作器，并完成了CEGUI下双操作器的切换功能。本系统搭建了三维环境下隧道照明工程设计平台，可对实际照明项目进行三维设计与仿真。平台实现了实时交互功能与照明效果仿真，系统运行稳定且效果良好，可作为照明工程三维设计软件与展示平台。

关键词：隧道照明设计照明效果仿真灯具布控虚拟现实 OpenSceneGraph opengl shading language 人机交互

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基于硬件的不规则物体绘制

基于硬件的不规则物体绘制

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作者：郭亚新北京工业大学

学位级别：硕士

对不规则物体的建模和绘制一直是计算机图形学真实感最具有挑战性的研究方向之一。本文围绕基于硬件的不规则物体的绘制与建模展开讨论与研究,主要研究了基于硬件加速的实时体绘制技术以及基于硬件的粒子系统。基于硬件加速的体绘制技... 详细信息

对不规则物体的建模和绘制一直是计算机图形学真实感最具有挑战性的研究方向之一。本文围绕基于硬件的不规则物体的绘制与建模展开讨论与研究,主要研究了基于硬件加速的实时体绘制技术以及基于硬件的粒子系统。基于硬件加速的体绘制技术是本文的研究重点。本文改进了传统的基于三维纹理的体绘制算法,提出了自适应三维纹理切片的体绘制算法,使得纹理采样、插值、分类和颜色合成等主要体绘制过程都在GPU中由像素着色器完成。充分的实验结果表明本文的算法达到了和传统光线投射算法相媲美的图像质量和相当高的绘制速度。本文在此体绘制算法的基础上提出Ping-Pong交替式的绘制模式绘制烟气蔓延的体数据,实验结果表明这种绘制模式显存占用量小,绘制精度高,能真实流畅地再现室内烟气的动态蔓延效果。粒子系统作为不规则物体建模与绘制的另外一种主要技术其应用也十分广泛。本文利用GLSL将粒子系统的特有属性定义为自定义的属性,并在顶点着色器中完成粒子系统状态的更新,显著地提高了绘制效率并具有较好的人机交互性。

关键词：直接体绘制硬件加速 opengl shading language 动态烟气绘制粒子系统

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