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7424x 7424 optical circuit switch With 1.4 μs switching Time Enabled by Silicon-Photonic 64-Port Space switches and Burst-Mode Coherent Receivers

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JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY 2024年第4期42卷 1231-1241页

作者： Matsumoto, Ryosuke Konoike, Ryotaro Matsuura, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Keijiro Inoue, Takashi Ikeda, Kazuhiro Namiki, Shu Sato, Ken-Ichi Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058568 Japan

High-port-count optical switches will provide an attractive approach to innovating intra-data center networks as they resolve the bandwidth and power problems now emerging with the saturation of Moore's law. optical switches that provide several thousand ports and microsecond switching time are a future proof solution. In this article, we propose a high-port-count and fast optical circuit switch that is constructed by combining M x M space switches, N x N wavelength-routing switches, and burst-mode coherent receivers. By scaling up the available number of space switch ports ( M ) and wavelengths ( N ), the total port count ( MN ) can be expanded at the expense of higher loss. In this work, we use Silicon-Photonic technology to fabricate a low-loss (similar to 9.4 dB) monolithically integrated 64 x 1 selector and tunable filter (TF) equipped with on-chip polarization diversity circuits. The TF is essential for increasing the wavelength number ( N ), as it can reject undesired signals in the delivered wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) channels before coherent reception. We also develop a bust-mode coherent receiver that uses adaptive equalization of the Stoke-vector and constant modulus algorithms to provide fast acquisition. To verify the availability of high port counts and fast switching times, experiments are performed on our optical switch using 116-channel WDM signals, each wavelength carrying a 128-Gbps DP-QPSK signal. 7424 x 7424 optical switching with 1.4-mu s switching time is validated by our newly developed burst-mode coherent receiver and monolithically integrated Silicon-Photonic space switch with tunable filter. To the best of our knowledge, the reported port count is the highest confirmed with microsecond order switching time.

关键词： optical switches switching circuits optical filters optical receivers optical polarization optical signal processing optical packet switching Burst-mode coherent receiver data center network digital signal processing optical circuit switch photonic integrated circuits silicon photonics wavelength routing

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Performance Analysis of Scalable optical circuit switch Employing Fast-Tunable AMZI Filters for Coherent Detection

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JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY 2023年第3期41卷 934-948页

作者： Matsumoto, Ryosuke Konoike, Ryotaro Matsuura, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Keijiro Inoue, Takashi Ikeda, Kazuhiro Namiki, Shu Sato, Ken-ichi Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

High-port-count optical switches are expected to resolve the envisaged bandwidth and power crunch in intra-data center networks stemming from the slowdown of Moore's Law. This paper briefly reviews electrical switching technologies in current intra-data centers and discusses requirements for optical circuit switches in future data centers. We highlight an optical switch architecture that combines the two independent dimensions of space and wavelength to realize large port counts and fast switching. Wavelength routing is implementable with receiver-side channel selection using wavelength tunable filters (TFs). Coherent detection necessitates a fast-tunable local oscillator (LO) at the receiver. It can be cost-effectively realized using an LO bank that consists of fixed-wavelength laser sources and Silicon-photonic asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer (AMZI) filters. Colorless detection that removes a TF at the front of the receiver is possible when the number of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) channels is small, however, as the number exceeds a certain limit the TF is needed to prevent power saturation of the receiver. We present an effective cooperative filtering scheme for transmission signals and LO channels sourced from an LO bank;it can detect C-band WDM coherent signals while easing the receiver's power limitation. The scheme is analyzed to clarify receiver performance and the switch port-count bounds under various operating conditions. We demonstrate that the cooperative filtering scheme effectively works from 60 (typical of coherent receivers) to > 116 wavelength channels, which is verified by experiments for 1,856 x 1,856 optical switching with the short switching time of 3.2 mu s.

关键词： optical switches optical filters switching circuits optical receivers optical packet switching optical fiber networks Bandwidth Coherent detection data center network electrical and optical hybrid switching optical circuit switch silicon photonics tunable filter

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Scalable and Fast optical circuit switch Based on Colorless Coherent Detection: Design Principle and Experimental Demonstration

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JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY 2021年第8期39卷 2263-2274页

作者： Matsumoto, Ryosuke Inoue, Takashi Konoike, Ryotaro Matsuura, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Keijiro Mori, Yojiro Ikeda, Kazuhiro Namiki, Shu Sato, Ken-ichi Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058568 Japan Nagoya Univ Dept Informat & Commun Engn Nagoya Aichi 4648603 Japan

We investigate a large-scale and fast optical circuit switch system that uses digital coherent technologies. The achievable port count is expanded by introducing colorless detection which eliminates channel selecting filters at receivers. Wavelength selection is performed using a shared local oscillator (LO) bank, which is configured by combining a multi-wavelength optical source with Silicon-photonic tunable filters (TFs). Microsecond switching times are realized with the thermo-optic effect available with the Silicon-photonic TF. Design optimization of the proposed system handles complex level of freedom, i.e., available wavelength number, space switch port count, optical amplifier location and gain, and device loss. In addition, colorless coherent detection induces penalties, which further complicates switch scale assessment. In this paper, we develop a simulator to clarify how those parameters affect switch performance;the switch throughput is maximized with consideration of the degradation stemming from colorless detection. The design performance accurately matches results measured in various system scenarios. A dual-carrier 256-Gb/s DP-QPSK experiment successfully demonstrates a 1,856 x 1,856 optical switch system with switching time under 3.52 mu s. The resulting total throughput is 441 Tb/s assuming 7%-overhead HD-FEC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of 400-Tbps class large bandwidth optical switches that use TFs as wavelength selective devices for coherent detection.

关键词： Coherent detection data center network Electrical and optical hybrid switching optical circuit switch silicon photonics tunable filter

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Design and Verification of Large-Scale optical circuit switch Using ULCF AWGs for Datacenter Application

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JOURNAL OF optical COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING 2018年第7期10卷 B82-B89页

作者： Nagai, H. Mori, Y. Hasegawa, H. Sato, K. Nagoya Univ Chikusa Ku Furo Cho Nagoya Aichi 4648601 Japan

The exponential increase in the volume of traffic being processed by datacenters demands massive electrical switches and complicated interconnections. The power consumption will soon become critical, and the problem is expected to be resolved by introducing large-port-count optical circuit switches that connect many server racks or pods. In this paper, we propose a novel optical-circuit-switch architecture that uses n x N uniformloss and cyclic-frequency (ULCF) arrayed-waveguide gratings (AWGs) as low-loss wavelength routers. To confirm the effectiveness of our proposal, a pair of 12 x 48 ULCF AWGs is fabricated using planar-lightwave-circuit technology. Part of a 1536 x 1536 optical circuit switch is constructed, and its good transmission performance is experimentally confirmed through 96-wavelength 100-Gbps signal transmission in the full C-band. The switch throughput reaches 153.6 Tbps.

关键词： Arrayed waveguide grating Datacenter networking optical circuit switch Wavelength routing

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Experimental Demonstration of 2,160x2,160 optical circuit switch for Intra-datacenter Networking 29

Experimental Demonstration of 2,160x2,160 Optical Circuit Sw...

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29th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC)

作者： Ueda, Koh Mori, Yojiro Hasegawa, Hiroshi Matsuura, Hiroyuki Ishii, Kiyo Kuwatsuka, Haruhiko Namiki, Shu Sato, Ken-ichi Nagoya Univ Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Nagoya Aichi Japan Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781509019069

We experimentally demonstrate a 2,160x2,160 optical circuit switch with a switching time of less than 500 mu s, aiming at fast and non-hierarchical intra-datacenter interconnection. The switch comprises delivery-and-coupling switches and wavelength-routing switches based on AWGs. We implemented twin 1x135 AWGs on a monolithic PLC chip.

关键词： Datacenter network optical circuit switch Waveguide device

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Leaf: Improving QoS for Reconfigurable Datacenters with Multiple optical circuit switches 32

Leaf: Improving QoS for Reconfigurable Datacenters with Mult...

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IEEE/ACM 32nd International Symposium on Quality of Service (IWQoS)

作者： Wang, Jingzhou Zhao, Gongming Xu, Hongli Wang, Haibo Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Comp Sci & Technol Hefei Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Suzhou Inst Adv Res Hefei Peoples R China Univ Kentucky Dept Comp Sci Lexington KY USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350128

Facing the huge volume of traffic and intensive traffic dynamics, the traditional datacenter architectures are behind the curve due to the fixed topology and the demand-oblivious nature. Driven by the traffic pattern, the reconfigurable technologies, like optical circuit switches (OCSes), are a promising alternative to further improve throughput when facing traffic dynamics, thanks to the high bandwidth and low reconfiguration time. However, existing works on OCSes are relatively elementary. Some of previous works only deploy single OCS which cannot adapt to large-scale datacenters, while others either cannot guarantee near-optimality or overlook practical issues like limited fiber capacity. These solutions may cause low throughput and long reconfiguration time, resulting in poor QoS. In this paper, we present Leaf to maximize throughput thus to further improve QoS, by deploying multiple OCSes to carry traffic in a cooperation manner. Furthermore, we also show its efficient reconfiguration ability and near-optimality. The formulated problem is a new k-weight limited matching problem and is proven to be NP-hard, which can be solved by a new proposed approximation algorithm with bounded approximation ratio. To evaluate our proposed solution, simulation experiments are conducted with both real-world and synthetic datasets. Compared with state-of-the-arts works, Leaf can improve throughput by 42:16%, and reduce runnning time by 68.87%-78.72%.

关键词： Reconfigure QoS Datacenter optical circuit switch

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Regularization-Based Coflow Scheduling in optical circuit switches

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IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING 2021年第3期29卷 1280-1293页

作者： Tan, Haisheng Zhang, Chi Xu, Chao Li, Yupeng Han, Zhenhua Li, Xiang-Yang Univ Sci & Technol China USTC LINKE Lab Hefei 230052 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China USTC CAS Key Lab Wireless Opt Commun Hefei 230052 Peoples R China Hong Kong Baptist Univ Dept Journalism Hong Kong Peoples R China Mircosoft Res Asia Shanghai 200232 Peoples R China

To improve the application-level data efficiency, the scheduling of coflows, defined as a collection of parallel flows sharing the same objective, is prevailing in recent data centers. Meanwhile, optical circuit switches (OCS) are gradually applied to provide high data rate with low power consumption. However, so far few research outputs have covered the flow, let alone the coflow, scheduling in the context of OCS. In this work, we investigate coflow scheduling in OCS-based data centers. We first derive a novel operation called regularization processed respectively on the flow traffic demands and the flow start times, which can be efficiently implemented and reduce the circuit reconfiguration frequency dramatically. We then propose a 2-approximation algorithm, called Reco-Sin, for single coflow scheduling to minimize the coflow completion time (CCT). For multiple coflows, we derive Reco-Mul to minimize the total weighted CCT, which can transform any non-preemptive multi-coflow scheduling in packet switches to a scheduling scheme in OCS. Reco-Mul can achieve a constant approximation under the assumption that no tiny flows will be transmitted in OCS. To get rid of this assumption, we present another multiple coflow scheduling scheme, named Reco-Mul+, which has an approximation ratio of O(K). Here, K is the total number of coflows. Extensive simulations based on Facebook data traces show that our approaches outperform state-of-the-art schemes significantly, i.e., one single coflow can be finished up to 1.97x faster with Reco-Sin, and multiple coflows can be completed up to more than 2x faster with Reco-Mul and Reco-Mul+.

关键词： Coflow Scheduling optical circuit switch Approximation Algorithm

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Minimizing Coflow Completion Time in optical circuit switched Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 2021年第2期32卷 457-469页

作者： Zhang, Tong Ren, Fengyuan Bao, Jiakun Shu, Ran Cheng, Wenxue Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Comp Sci & Technol Nanjing 211106 Peoples R China Collaborat Innovat Ctr Novel Software Technol & I Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Comp Sci & Techonolgy Beijing 100084 Peoples R China North Informat Control Res Acad Grp Co Ltd Nanjing 211153 Peoples R China Microsoft Res Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

Nowadays, optical circuit switching is becoming an increasingly favored technology in scaling data center networks for its definitive advantages in data rate, power consumption, and device cost. Concurrently, reducing coflow completion time (CCT) is of great significance for improving application-level performance. However, minimizing CCT in circuit switched networks is totally different from that in traditional packet switched networks due to port constraints and circuit reconfiguration delays. To address this issue, this article proposes Grouped Optimization-based Scheduling (GOS), a CCT minimization algorithm for circuit switched networks integrating circuit and coflow scheduling. We first formalize the CCT minimization problem into a 0-1 programming problem, then relax and solve the problem in 2 steps to obtain the coflow order and flow grouping decisions on each circuit. Thus intra-group reconfiguration delays are saved, and small coflows can be prioritized at the group level. Theoretical analysis proves GOS is a 4-approximation algorithm in average CCT. To reduce computing overheads, we further propose a heuristic approximation algorithm. Extensive simulations show that the heuristic algorithm has satisfactory CCT performance (0.12x Varys, 0.36x Sunflow) as well as high throughput (16.74x Varys, 1.32x Sunflow), and well adapts to a wide range of reconfiguration delays and algorithm decision time.

关键词： optical switches switching circuits optical packet switching Scheduling Data centers Delays optical fiber networks Data center optical circuit switch coflow completion time circuit scheduling coflow scheduling

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Understanding the Performance Guarantee of Physical Topology Design for optical circuit switched Data Centers 22

Understanding the Performance Guarantee of Physical Topology...

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2022 ACM SIGMETRICS/IFIP PERFORMANCE Joint International Conference on Measurement and Modeling of Computer Systems, SIGMETRICS/PERFORMANCE 2022

作者： Zhao, Shizhen Cao, Peirui Wang, Xinbing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391412

As a first step of designing O ptical-circuit-switched D ata C enters (ODC), physical topology design is critical as it determines the scalability and the performance limit of the entire ODC. However, prior works on ODC have not yet paid much attention to physical topology design, and the adopted physical topologies either scale poorly, or lack performance guarantee. We offer a mathematical foundation for the design and performance analysis of ODC physical topologies in this paper. We introduce a new performance metric ß(\mathcalG )$ to evaluate the gap between a physical topology $\mathcalG $ and the ideal physical topology. We develop a coupling technique that bypasses a significant amount of computational complexity of calculating ß(\mathcalG )$. Using ß(\mathcalG )$ and the coupling technique, we study four physical topologies that are representative of those in literature, analyze their scalabilities and prove their performance guarantees. Our analysis may provide new guidance for network operators to design better physical topologies for ODCs. © 2022 Owner/Author.

关键词： physical topology logical topology data center optical circuit switch

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Scheduling Coflows in Hybrid optical-circuit and Electrical-Packet switches With Performance Guarantee

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IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING 2024年第3期32卷 2299-2314页

作者： Wang, Xin Shen, Hong Tian, Hui Sun Yat Sen Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Guangzhou 510275 Peoples R China Cent Queensland Univ Sch Engn & Technol Brisbane Qld 4000 Australia Griffith Univ Sch Informat & Commun Technol Nathan Qld 4111 Australia

Scheduling of coflows, each a collection of parallel flows sharing the same objective, is an important task of data transmission that arises in the networks supporting data-intensive applications such as data center networks (DCNs). The hybrid switch design combining the optical circuit switch (OCS) and electrical packet switch (EPS) for transmitting high-volume and low-volume traffic separately has received considerable research attention. To support this design, efficient scheduling of coflows on hybrid network links is crucial for reducing the overall communication time. However, because it needs to consider both reconfiguration delay of circuit switching in the OCS and bandwidth limitation of packet switching in the EPS, coflow scheduling on hybrid network links is more challenging than on monotonic network links of either OCS or EPS. The existing coflow scheduling algorithms in hybrid switches are all heuristic and provide no performance guarantees. In this work, we first propose an approximation algorithm with a worst-case performance guarantee of 2 tau , where tau <= N is the maximum number of non-zero elements of each row and column of coflow's demand matrix, for single coflow scheduling in an NxN hybrid switch to minimize the coflow completion time (CCT). We then extend the algorithm for scheduling multiple coflows to minimize the total weighted CCT with a provable performance guarantee of mu tau(max) , where mu=4M & sdot;w(max)/w(min) , tau(max)=max(1) <= m <= M tau m <= N , w(max) and w(min) are respectively the maximum and minimum weights of the M coflows. Extensive simulations using Facebook data traces show that our algorithms outperform the state-of-the-art coflow scheduling schemes. Specifically, our algorithms transmit a single coflow up to 1.08 x faster than Solstice (hybrid switch) and 1.42 x faster than Reco-Sin (pure OCS), and multiple coflows u

关键词： optical switches Scheduling Approximation algorithms optical packet switching Scheduling algorithms Delays Bandwidth Coflow scheduling optical circuit switch electrical packet switch datacenter network approximation algorithm

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