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All-optical programmable Boolean logic unit using semiconductor optical amplifiers on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer arms switch

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IET OPTOELECTRONICS 2011年第6期5卷 270-280页

作者： Chattopadhyay, T. WBPDCL Kolaghat Thermal Power Stn Purbamedinipur 721137 W Bengal India

All-optical logic device is a vital element in ultra high speed all-optical networks. If the element is programmable then the device become more sophisticated and user friendly. In this study, a compact all-optical programmable Boolean logic unit (PBLU) is proposed using two cascaded semiconductor optical amplifiers on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer arms-based switches. PBLU can perform any of the 16-Boolean all-optical logical operations (False, AB, A (B) over bar, A, (A) over barB, B, A circle plus B, A + B, (A) over bar(B) over bar, A circle dot B, (B) over bar, A + (B) over bar, (A) over bar, (A) over bar + B, (A) over bar + (B) over bar, True) according to the programming input. The performance of the circuit is evaluated through numerical simulation, which confirms its feasibility in terms of the choice of the critical parameters.

关键词： ultra high speed all optical networks semiconductor optical amplifiers numerical simulation optical switches programming input optical switches Lasing action in semiconductors optical computers, logic elements, and interconnects Semiconductor lasers Mach Zehnder interferometer optical logic optical logic devices and optical computing techniques Design of specific laser systems all optical programmable Boolean logic unit

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DIRECTIONAL COUPLING AND BISTABILITY IN 4 CONTACT TWIN-STRIPE INJECTION-LASERS

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-J OPTOELECTRONICS 1988年第1期135卷 25-30页

作者： WHITE, IH LINTON, RS CARROLL, JE Engineering Department Cambridge University Cambridge UK

The paper reports on the optical switching operation of four contact twin-stripe injection lasers. Both directional coupling and cross coupling action have been demonstrated. Bistability involving a switch in the optical filament, between a cross coupled optical mode and a straight pass one, has also been observed. Electrical triggering of the bistable mechanism and optical switching between bistable states have been achieved with rejection ratios of up to 8:1.

关键词： Semiconductor lasers optical couplers electrical triggering optical information processing Nonlinear optics and devices Laser beam characteristics and interactions bistability optical bistability optical bistability, multistability and switching optical switching operation semiconductor junction lasers four contact twin-stripe injection lasers optical logic devices and optical computing techniques optical information, image formation and analysis cross coupling action directional coupling Lasing action in semiconductors

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Novel method of designing all optical frequency-encoded Fredkin and Toffoli logic gates using semiconductor optical amplifiers

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IET OPTOELECTRONICS 2011年第6期5卷 247-254页

作者： Garai, S. K. MUC Womens Coll Dept Phys Burdwan 713104 W Bengal India

Reversible logic gates have attracted significant attention to the researchers in the field of optics and optoelectronics as it has wide applications in sequential and combinational circuit of optical computing, optical signal processing and in multivalued logic operations. Several all-optical reversible logic gates have been proposed such as controlled NOT (Feynman gate), Fredkin gate, Toffoli gate, New Gate, Peres gate etc. The beauty of all these reversible conservative logic gates is that all types of arithmetic and logical operation can be performed with these gates with lower hardware complexity and without loss of any input information. To perform these logic operations, encoding and decoding of optical signals are of great important issues. In this communication the author presents a method of designing all optical Fredkin gate and Toffoli gate using frequency encoding/decoding techniques because of several inherent advantages of this encoding/decoding. To develop the method of designing these two reversible logic gates, non-linear polarisation rotation of the probe beam, frequency routing and frequency conversion properties of semiconductor optical amplifiers have been exploited which will give very high operational speed (of the order of THz) with very good on/off contrast ratio.

关键词： optical computers, logic elements, and interconnects New Gate all optical frequency-encoded Fredkin logic gates optical frequency conversion optical system design hardware complexity semiconductor optical amplifiers on-off contrast ratio reversible logic gates frequency routing Semiconductor lasers optical design techniques nonlinear polarisation rotation probe beam Peres gate Lasing action in semiconductors multi-valued logic operations optical signal processing optical computing optical logic optical logic devices and optical computing techniques Toffoli logic gates frequency conversion

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MULTIPLEXER AS A UNIVERSAL computing ELEMENT FOR ELECTROOPTIC logic SYSTEMS

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-J OPTOELECTRONICS 1990年第5期137卷 305-310页

作者： BRACKENBURY, LEM Department of Computer Science University of Manchester Manchester UK

It is shown that any combinational function can be implemented by a multiplexer of appropriate width. Since these logic elements can also perform sequential operations, entire digital systems can be implemented with multiplexers. Such systems are of particular relevance to optical implementations as multiplexers using liquid crystal electro-optic elements can be realised. The large number of pixels available on a single display leads to the concept of significant optical systems implemented using two-dimensional arrays of uncommitted multiplexers. Since the multiplexer width is critical in determining the system efficiency, the implementation of commonly occurring logic functions is presented to determine the optimum width.

关键词： digital systems combinational function optical logic multiplexer optical computing techniques Display technology liquid crystal displays optical computing Communication system theory Switching centres and equipment liquid crystal electro-optic elements Liquid crystal devices multiplexer width 2D uncommitted multiplexer arrays electro-optic logic systems logic elements logic functions pixels universal computing element logic gates multiplexing optical logic devices and optical computing techniques sequential operations Information theory optical logic elements electro-optical devices system efficiency

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Effect of saturable index change on all-optical logic operations in a passive vertical cavity semiconductor saturable absorber

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IET OPTOELECTRONICS 2011年第2期5卷 77-82页

作者： Datta, P. K. Pradhan, R. Mishra, L. Saha, S. Indian Inst Technol Dept Phys & Meteorol Kharagpur 721302 W Bengal India Midnapore Coll Dept Phys Midnapore 721101 WB India Vidyasagar Univ Dept Phys Midnapore 721101 WB India

Semiconductor multiple quantum wells (QWs) have saturable absorption and saturable refractive index change properties. When it is embedded within a reflective Fabry-Perot cavity, the device shows forward and inverse saturation reflectivity for a radiation at cavity resonance wavelength with input intensity around the impedance matching point. Consideration of non-linear index change increases the extinction of forward saturation characteristics of the device. However its application in logic devices is very limited. Whereas, the inverse characteristics for which a number of logic devices can be proposed is severely affected in its extinction because of the consideration of non-linear index change. Here the authors optimise the parameters of vertical cavity semiconductor saturable absorber for the static and dynamic device performance of all-optical logic operations based on inverse saturation characteristics with both dispersive and absorptive saturation into consideration. The authors obtain an extinction of almost 77.5% with input intensity of the order of saturation intensity of a multiple QWs. The novelty of this work lies in the observation that the saturation of non-linear index of refraction has enormous effect on the characteristics of logic operations, which is not addressed in earlier reports. It is also observed that the detrimental effect of non-linear index saturation can be overcome by proper absorber parameters.

关键词： optical saturation and related effects absorptive saturation nonlinear index saturation optical computers, logic elements, and interconnects saturable index change optical transient phenomena, self-induced transparency, optical saturation and related effects semiconductor multiple quantum wells optical saturable absorption reflective Fabry-Perot cavity Laser resonators and cavities Fabry-Perot resonators saturable refractive index change passive vertical cavity semiconductor saturable absorber all-optical logic operations optical logic optical logic devices and optical computing techniques semiconductor quantum wires inverse saturation reflectivity laser cavity resonators dispersive saturation

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Performance of an embedded optical vector matrix multiplication processor architecture

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IET OPTOELECTRONICS 2010年第4期4卷 159-164页

作者： Yang, C. Cui, G. X. Huang, Y. Y. Wu, L. Yang, H. Zhang, Y. H. Chinese Acad Sci Inst Semicond Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Suzhou Inst Nanotech & Nanobion Suzhou 215125 Peoples R China

An embedded architecture of optical vector matrix multiplier (OVMM) is presented. The embedded architecture is aimed at optimising the data flow of vector matrix multiplier (VMM) to promote its performance. Data dependence is discussed when the OVMM is connected to a cluster system. A simulator is built to analyse the performance according to the architecture. According to the simulation, Amdahl's law is used to analyse the hybrid opto-electronic system. It is found that the electronic part and its interaction with optical part form the bottleneck of system.

关键词： optical computers, logic elements, and interconnects Amdahl law Linear algebra (numerical analysis) hybrid opto-electronic system embedded systems digital arithmetic Integrated optics Algebra, set theory, and graph theory Integrated optoelectronics Digital circuit design, modelling and testing Digital arithmetic methods optical computing optical logic devices and optical computing techniques integrated optics embedded optical vector matrix multiplication processor architecture vector matrix multiplier matrix multiplication optical computing techniques integrated optoelectronics

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Dilute nitride vertical-cavity gate for all-optical logic at 1.3 μm

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IET OPTOELECTRONICS 2010年第5期4卷 201-209页

作者： de Valicourt, G. Porzi, C. Guina, M. Balkan, N. Univ Essex Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn Colchester CO4 3SQ Essex England Scuola Super Sant Anna I-56124 Pisa Italy Tampere Univ Technol Optoelect Res Ctr FIN-33101 Tampere Finland

The authors report on the design and performance of an all-optical vertical-cavity semi-conductor gate (VCSG) based on dilute nitride (GaInNAs/GaAs) quantum wells, proposed for performing AND/OR or NAND/NOR logic functions. In particular, the authors analyse the effect of non-linear refractive index variation on the overall non-linear characteristic of the device. Compared to typical InP-based non-linear gates GaAs-based devices incorporating dilute nitride active regions are a step forward towards reducing the fabrication complexity and relaxing the design constrains by employing high-quality GaAs/AlAs distributed Bragg reflectors. The authors develop a predictive model of VCSG relying on numerical simulation. Trade-off between the operation bandwidth and the modulation depth is found out associated to a variation of the refractive index for different optical injection conditions.

关键词： AND-OR logic function GaInNAs-GaAs wavelength 1.3 mum optical computers, logic elements, and interconnects optical modulation dilute nitride quantum wells optical system design GaAs-AlAs NAND-NOR logic function Integrated optics optical lenses and mirrors optical design techniques III-V semiconductors optical design modulation depth indium compounds semiconductor quantum wells nonlinear refractive index gallium compounds gallium arsenide optical logic optical logic devices and optical computing techniques logic gates vertical-cavity semiconductor gate optical resonators refractive index distributed Bragg reflectors

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Evolution of all-optical flip-flops and their applications in optical communications networks

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IET OPTOELECTRONICS 2012年第6期6卷 263-276页

作者： Reis, C. Costa, L. Bogoni, A. Maziotis, A. Teixeira, A. Kouloumentas, C. Apostolopoulos, D. Erasme, D. Berrettini, G. Meloni, G. Parca, G. Brahmi, H. Tomkos, I. Poti, L. Bougioukos, M. Andre, P. S. Zakynthinos, P. Dionisio, R. Chattopadhyay, T. Avramoupoulos, H. Inst Telecomunicacoes P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal Scuola Super Sant Anna Pisa Italy Natl Tech Univ Athens Sch Elect & Comp Engn Athens Greece LTCI CNRS TELECOM ParisTech Inst TELECOM Commun & Elect Dept Paris France Athens Informat Technol Ctr AIT Athens Greece Inst Politecn Castelo Branco P-6000767 Castelo Branco Portugal

This study provides a review of all-optical flip-flops (AOFFs) technologies, and their possible experimental implementation solutions, for a variety of applications in optical communication networks. A description of the state-of-the-art experimental implementations and validation testing of the technologies used in different AOFFs schemes is made, presenting to the interested reader an overview of the up to date AOFFs design schemes. Some of the research results presented in this study were performed under the EU NoE EURO-FOS project consortium. This study also provides researchers working on this topic with interesting trends that are worth considering in their own research studies.

关键词： Reviews and tutorial papers optical communications networks EU NoE EURO-FOS project consortium AOFF flip-flops optical computers, logic elements, and interconnects optical communication equipment optical logic reviews all-optical flip-flops optical communication devices, equipment and systems optical logic devices and optical computing techniques resource letters logic circuits optical communication equipment

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RNS-FPL merged architectures for orthogonal DWT

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2000年第14期36卷 1198-1199页

作者： Ramírez, J García, A Fernández, PG Parrilla, L Lloris, A Dept Elect & Tecnol Comp Granada 18071 Spain Escuela Politecn Super Dept Ingn Elect Jaen 23071 Spain

Novel. regular, compact and easily scalable residue number system (RNS) field-programmable logic (FPL) merged architectures for the orthogonal 1D discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and 1D inverse discrete wavelet transform (IDWT) are presented. These structures halve the number of look-up tables (LUTs) required per octave, providing a sustained throughput independent of the input data and filter coefficient precision. Thy are suitable to be considered as the core of 2D DWT processors for high data rate image processing applications.

关键词： look-up tables field-programmable logic merged architectures 2D DWT processors optical logic table lookup filter coefficient precision optical computing techniques 1D inverse discrete wavelet transform optical computers, logic elements, and interconnects high data rate image processing applications RNS-FPL merged architectures sustained throughput field programmable gate arrays image processing input data Computer vision and image processing techniques Image processing and restoration orthogonal DWT optical, image and video signal processing discrete wavelet transforms orthogonal 1D discrete wavelet transform easily scalable residue number system optical logic devices and optical computing techniques optical logic elements

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BISTABILITY IN INHOMOGENEOUSLY PUMPED QUANTUM WELL LASER-DIODES

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-J OPTOELECTRONICS 1988年第1期135卷 31-33页

作者： KUCHARSKA, AI BLOOD, P FLETCHER, ED HULYER, PJ Research Laboratories Philips Redhill UK

Hysteresis has been observed in the light-current characteristics of inhomogeneously pumped GaAs/AlGaAs laser diodes with both MQW and bulk GaAs active layers. Bistable action was observed in both types of device, at switching speeds suggesting that electronic mechanisms were responsible for saturation of the absorption in the passive region of each structure. In the MQW case, the wavelength of operation of the device suggested saturation of the excitonic absorption.

关键词： Semiconductor lasers optical information processing Nonlinear optics and devices light-current characteristics bulk GaAs active layers aluminium compounds inhomogeneously pumped quantum well laser diodes optical pumping III-V semiconductors GaAs-AlGaAs semiconductor gallium arsenide optical bistability, multistability and switching semiconductor junction lasers Lasing action in semiconductors excitonic absorption saturation MQW active layers Laser beam characteristics and interactions optical bistability optical logic devices and optical computing techniques optical information, image formation and analysis

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