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32nd ACM SIGSIM Conference on Principles of Advanced Discrete simulation (SIGSIM-PADS)

作者： Rao, Dhananjai M. Miami Univ Oxford OH 45056 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450350921

The growth in many-core CPUs has motivated development of shared-memory, multithreaded solutions to minimize communication and synchronization overheads in parallel Discrete Event simulations (PDES). Analogous capabilities, such as Cross Memory Attach (CMA) based approaches have been added to Message Passing Interface (MPI) libraries. CMA permits MPI-processes to directly read/write data from/to a different process's virtual memory space to exchange messages. This paper compares the performance of CMA capable, MPI-based version to our fine-tuned multithreaded version. The paper also discusses implementation and optimization of the multithreaded infrastructure to elucidate the design alternatives being compared and assessed. Our experiments conducted using 2-28 threads and a fine-grained (time per event 0.7 mu s) version of PHOLD benchmark shows that message-passing outperforms multithreading (by 10%-20%) in many scenarios but underperforms in others. The complex performance landscape inferred from our experiments suggest that more in-depth analysis of model characteristics is needed to decide between shared-memory multithreading versus message-passing approaches.

关键词： Discrete Event simulation (DES) optimistic parallel simulation Time Warp Multithreading Cross Memory Attach NUMA Ladder Queue (ladderQ) Three Tier Heap (3tHeap)

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Managing Pending Events in Sequential and parallel simulations Using Three-tier Heap and Two-tier Ladder Queue

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MODELING AND COMPUTER simulation 2019年第2期29卷 9-9页

作者： Rao, Dhananjai M. Higiro, Julius D. Miami Univ CSE Dept 510 E High St Oxford OH 45056 USA

Performance of sequential and parallel Discrete Event simulations (DES) is strongly influenced by the data structure used for managing and processing pending events. Accordingly, we propose and evaluate the effectiveness of our multi-tiered (two-and three-tier) data structures and our Two-tier Ladder Queue, for both sequential and optimistic parallel simulations on distributed memory platforms. Our experiments compare the performance of our data structures against a performance-tuned version of the Ladder Queue, which has been shown to outperform many other data structures for DES. The core simulation-based empirical assessments are in C++ and are based on 2,500 configurations of well-established PHOLD and PCS benchmarks. In addition, we use an Avian Influenza Epidemic Model (AIM) for experimental analyses. We have conducted experiments on two computing clusters with different hardware to ensure our results are reproducible. Moreover, to fully establish the robustness of our analysis and data structures, we have also implemented pertinent queues in Java and verified consistent, reproducible performance characteristics. Collectively, our analyses show that our three-tier heap and two-tier ladder queue outperform the Ladder Queue by 60x in some simulations, particularly those with higher concurrency per Logical Process (LP), in both sequential and Time Warp synchronized parallel simulations.

关键词： Discrete event simulation (DES) optimistic parallel simulation timewarp binary heap Fibonacci heap ladder queue

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Multi-tier Priority Queues and 2-tier Ladder Queue for Managing Pending Events in Sequential and optimistic parallel simulations 17

Multi-tier Priority Queues and 2-tier Ladder Queue for Manag...

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5th ACM SIGSIM Conference on Principles of Advanced Discrete simulation (SIGSIM-PADS)

作者： Higiro, Julius Gebre, Meseret Rao, Dhananjai M. Miami Univ Comp Sci & Software Engn CSE Dept 510 E High St205 Benton Hall Oxford OH 45056 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450344890

The choice of data structure for managing and processing pending events in timestamp priority order plays a critical role in achieving good performance of sequential and parallel Discrete Event simulation (DES). Accordingly, we propose and evaluate the effectiveness of our novel multi-tiered (2 and 3 tier) data structures and our 2-tier Ladder Queue, for both sequential and optimistic parallel simulations, on distributed memory platforms. Our assessments use (a fine-tuned version of) the Ladder Queue, which has shown to outperform many other data structures for DES. The experimental results based on 2,500 configurations of PHOLD benchmark show that our 3-tier heap and 2-tier ladder queue outperform the Ladder Queue by 10% to 50% in simulations, particularly those with higher concurrency per Logical Process (LP), in both sequential and Time Warp synchronized parallel simulations.

关键词： Discrete Event simulation (DES) optimistic parallel simulation Time Warp Binary Heap Fibonacci Heap Ladder Queue

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A Performance Evaluation of the Lightweight Time Warp Protocol in optimistic parallel simulation of REVS-based Environmental Models 09

A Performance Evaluation of the Lightweight Time Warp Protoc...

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23rd International Workshop on Principles of Advanced and Distributed simulation

作者： Liu, Qi Wainer, Gabriel Carleton Univ Dept Syst & Comp Engn Ctr Visualizat & Simulat Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537139

The Lightweight Time Warp (LTW) protocol offers a novel approach to high-performance optimistic parallel discrete-event simulation, especially when a large number of simultaneous events need to be executed at each virtual time. With LTW, the local simulation space on each node is partitioned into two sub-domains, allowing purely optimistic simulation to be driven by only a few full-fledged logical processes (LPs), while most processes are turned into lightweight LPs, free from the burden associated with Time Warp (TW) execution. This paper presents a comparative performance evaluation of the TW and LTW protocols for simulating several DEVS-based environmental models. The experiments indicate that the LTW protocol improves performance in terms of shortened execution time, reduced memory usage, lowered operational cost, and enhanced system stability.

关键词： Environmental Models Lightweight Time Warp DEVS models optimistic parallel simulation

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optimistic parallel simulation of a large-scale view storage system

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FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ESCIENCE 2003年第4期19卷 479-492页

作者： Yaun, G Carothers, CD Adali, S Spooner, D Rensselaer Polytech Inst Dept Comp Sci Troy NY 12180 USA

In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a complex view storage system model. Here, a hierarchy of view storage servers are connected to an array of client-side local disks. The term view refers to the output or result of a query made on the part of an application that is executing on a client machine. These queries can to be arbitrarily complex and formulated using SQL. The goal of this system is to reduce the turnaround time of queries by exploiting locality both at the local disk level as well as between clients and servers prior to making the request to the highest level database server. This model has been designed for execution with an optimistic simulation engine. One of the primary drawbacks of this parallel synchronization mechanism has been high overheads due to state-saving. We attack this problem by implementing the model using reverse computation. Here, the event processing routines are made reversible, which avoids having incrementally state-saving values that can be reverse computed, such as ++ and --. Destructive assignments of the form a = b are saved using a swap operation, which precludes the need for additional state space. In our performance study of this application, we find that speedups range from 1.5 to over 5 on four processors. Super-linear speedups are attributed to a slow memory subsystem and the increased availability of level-1 and level-2 cache when moving to a larger number of processors. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： optimistic parallel simulation reverse computation view storage systems

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