The Internet of Things wireless sensor networks (IOTWSNs) are crucial in modern smart systems, where self-organizing sensor nodes enable efficient and flexible network structures for applications like environmental mo...
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The Internet of Things wireless sensor networks (IOTWSNs) are crucial in modern smart systems, where self-organizing sensor nodes enable efficient and flexible network structures for applications like environmental monitoring and smart cities. The task allocation problem in IOTWSNs is NP-hard, making effective strategies essential for optimal network performance. This article proposes an improved artificial jellyfish search algorithm (CECJS) that integrates chaotic initialization, elite, and cloning strategies to enhance global search ability and convergence speed. To evaluate CECJS's efficiency, the article introduces network gain, reflecting both network effectiveness and task completion quality. Experimental results show that CECJS significantly outperforms traditional algorithms like genetic algorithm (GA), simulated annealing (SA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) in task allocation gains, achieving improvements of several to tens of percentage points. In addition, CECJS exhibits faster convergence, finding near-optimal solutions more efficiently, making it an effective solution for large-scale IOTWSNs task optimization.
This study addresses a research gap regarding the impact of dust accumulation on photovoltaic (PV) modules, with a specific focus on parameter extraction using single- and double-diode models (SDMs and DDMs) under dus...
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This study addresses a research gap regarding the impact of dust accumulation on photovoltaic (PV) modules, with a specific focus on parameter extraction using single- and double-diode models (SDMs and DDMs) under dusty conditions. While dust effects on PV performance are well-studied, few have explored how existing models can accurately represent these effects. Experimental data from outdoor testing of small-scale modules subjected to artificially deposited dust were analyzed. The direct current parameters were then extracted using the SDM and DDM, with the application of the improved snake optimization algorithm to enhance the accuracy. Preliminary analysis shows that the fill factor of dusty panels gradually increases, surpassing that of clean panels, due to increased absorption of diffuse light from reflections off the nonuniform dust layer. Efficiency uniformly decreases under dust presence. Computational comparison reveals a significant impact of dust on the algorithm's prediction quality, with maximum root mean square error decreases of 339.1% and 303.5% for DDM and SDM, respectively. The study observes that DDM effectively represents dust effects with fewer parameters than SDM, which includes more parameters conveying dust deposition effects. On average, DDM photocurrent values decrease by 24.2% due to dust, while shunt resistance decreases by 79.7%. For SDM, photocurrent decreases by 24.2%, shunt resistance by 80.1%, diode saturation current by 84.6%, and ideality factor by 10.5%. These findings suggest that current models inadequately represent dust effects, favoring SDM for its simplicity, while partial shading serves as a weak approximation.
The Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) is an optimization algorithm inspired by the brood parasitism behavior of cuckoo birds. It mimics the reproductive and breeding tactics of cuckoos to tackle optimization challenges. T...
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The Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) is an optimization algorithm inspired by the brood parasitism behavior of cuckoo birds. It mimics the reproductive and breeding tactics of cuckoos to tackle optimization challenges. To better handle multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs), a variation called the multi-objective CSA (MOCSA) has been developed. MOCSA is designed to uncover a spectrum of solutions, each providing a balance between various objectives, thereby allowing decision-makers to choose the optimal solution according to their specific preferences. The literature has witnessed a notable increase in the number of published MOCSAs, with MOCSA research papers recorded in the SCOPUS database. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of 123 distinct variants of MOCSAs published in scientific journals. Through this survey, researchers will gain insights into the growth of MOCSA, the theoretical foundations of multi-objective optimization and the MOCSA algorithm, the various existing MOCSA variants documented in the literature, the application domains in which MOCSA has been employed, and a critical analysis of its performance. In sum, this paper provides future research directions for MOCSA. Overall, this survey provides a valuable resource for researchers seeking to explore and understand the advancements, applications, and potential future developments in the field of multi-objective CSA.
This paper presents a novel model-free control approach, Flower Pollination Algorithm-based Model-Free Control (FPA-MFC), for trajectory tracking of mini-drone quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The proposed a...
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This paper presents a novel model-free control approach, Flower Pollination Algorithm-based Model-Free Control (FPA-MFC), for trajectory tracking of mini-drone quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The proposed approach employs an adaptive estimator based on filtered signals to approximate the nonlinear dynamic functions of the system. This approximator allows the development of a robust decentralized control law able to separately manage the position and attitude dynamics of the drone. The controller design is free of any prior knowledge of the system dynamics, and the control inputs are computed solely from instantaneous input and output measurements. Indeed, this can significantly reduce the computational burden and improve the efficiency of the control algorithm while preserving its simplicity. The design gains of the control law are selected using the metaheuristic flower pollination algorithm to achieve greater trajectory tracking performance and ensure closed-loop system stability. Simulation tests conducted on the Parrot mini drone platform validate the effectiveness and superior performance of FPA-MFC, compared to similar controllers without optimization and using the particle swarm optimization algorithm.
Sharp-Edged Width Constrictions (SEWC) are hydraulic structures designed to measure flow in open channels. Accurate prediction of the discharge coefficient (Cd) in SEWC is crucial for determining water discharge in th...
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Sharp-Edged Width Constrictions (SEWC) are hydraulic structures designed to measure flow in open channels. Accurate prediction of the discharge coefficient (Cd) in SEWC is crucial for determining water discharge in these channels. This information plays a key role in effective water resource management, supporting decision-making regarding the allocation and conservation of water for agricultural, industrial, and municipal purposes. This study introduces a novel hybrid machine learning model, combining Support Vector Regression (SVR) with the Improved Whale optimization Algorithm (IWOA). Additionally, advanced machine learning models such as NGBoost, AutoInt, and TabNet were employed to predict Cd in SEWC. The SVR-IWOA model offers automatic hyperparameter tuning, significantly enhancing prediction accuracy in complex flow conditions. To develop these models, a dataset consisting of 156 laboratory data points from SEWC experiments was utilized, with 75 % of the data allocated for training and 25 % for testing. The Isolation Forest (IF) algorithm was applied to detect and remove outliers, leading to the exclusion of 5.1 % of the original dataset. Dimensional analysis identified critical factors influencing Cd, including the ratio of upstream depth to opening width (h/b) and the constriction ratio (beta = b/B, where B is the channel width). The validity of these dimensionless parameters was confirmed using ANOVA and SHAP analyses, which highlighted beta as the most influential factor affecting Cd. Model performance was rigorously evaluated using multiple metrics, including the coefficient of determination (R2), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Scatter Index (SI), Weighted Mean Absolute Percentage Error (WMAPE), and symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (sMAPE). Comparative evaluations were conducted using Taylor Diagrams, Residual Error Curves (REC), and the Performance Index (PI). In the training stage, NGBoost demonstrated superior performance with a PI of 4994 an
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are energy conversion devices that utilize renewable hydrogen energy. The reaction process in PEMFCs generates water and releases substantial heat, achieving high energy de...
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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are energy conversion devices that utilize renewable hydrogen energy. The reaction process in PEMFCs generates water and releases substantial heat, achieving high energy density while effectively reducing environmental pollution, making PEMFCs a focal point of research. However, the complexity of internal reactions and the multitude of parameters in PEMFC mathematical models result in nonlinear output characteristics, posing challenges to the accuracy and efficiency of identifying unknown parameters in these models. To address these challenges, this study proposes an Improved Black Kite Algorithm (IBKA). Using a 30 kW PEMFC stack testing platform, four datasets under different operating conditions were collected, and a static model suitable for high-power PEMFCs was established. To validate the effectiveness of IBKA, performance tests were conducted on benchmark functions, and the algorithm was applied to identify seven unknown parameters in both high-power and conventional static PEMFC models. The objective function for parameter identification was defined as the sum of squared errors between experimental and model outputs. Additionally, datasets from two commercial fuel cell stacks with different parameter specifications (NedStack PS6 and BCS500W) were used to compare the parameter identification results obtained from various algorithms with those of IBKA. The performance tests and model parameter identification results demonstrate that IBKA excels in accuracy, convergence speed, adaptability, and robust stability. For the high-power PEMFC static model, the combination of IBKA and the model achieved a mean squared error (MSE) below 0.15 between model and experimental outputs, enabling accurate predictions of high-power PEMFC outputs under various operating conditions and parameter specifications. For conventional PEMFCs, the objective function results based on the NedStack PS6 dataset were 1.2558, and 0.0119 for the BCS
Accurately evaluating the State of Health (SOH) of batteries is crucial for guaranteeing the secure and dependable functioning of Electric Vehicles (EVs). This paper presents a novel strategy for tackling the difficul...
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Accurately evaluating the State of Health (SOH) of batteries is crucial for guaranteeing the secure and dependable functioning of Electric Vehicles (EVs). This paper presents a novel strategy for tackling the difficulties associated with intricate preprocessing and the demand for extensive data in conventional approaches to SOH measurement. Using sophisticated machine learning algorithms, we suggest an all-encompassing methodology for predicting the SOH. Our approach includes meticulous data preparation, which includes analyzing crucial operating elements such as voltage, current, and temperature. We utilized Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) models, which were fine-tuned using hyperparameter optimization. The models were assessed using evaluation metrics such as Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and R-squared R-2 . In order to improve the accuracy of our predictions, we combined these models into a stacked ensemble using a Random Forest (RF) meta-model. This resulted in an $R<^>{2}$ value of 0.987, MAE of 0.02559, MSE of 0.0013, and RMSE of 0.00624. The results indicate that the ensemble outperforms individual models in predicting SOH. This research highlights the capacity of ensemble learning in predictive maintenance and battery management.
Precise and rapid fault location on transmission lines is a cornerstone for enhancing the reliability and cost-efficiency of power systems. This paper proposes an innovative approach to a fault location by solving an ...
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Precise and rapid fault location on transmission lines is a cornerstone for enhancing the reliability and cost-efficiency of power systems. This paper proposes an innovative approach to a fault location by solving an optimization problem. The process relies on transmission line parameters, which can vary significantly under various operating conditions. Inaccurate parameters can severely affect fault location results. To address this issue, the paper proposes a parameter estimation process. Additionally, when faults occur near transmission line terminals, high fault currents can cause current transformer (CT) saturation and secondary current distortion, further impacting fault location accuracy. Instead of using currents distorted by CT saturation, this paper proposes to estimate the currents for inputting into the fault location procedure. To achieve accurate parameter and current estimation at both terminals of the transmission line, advanced artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithms such as Chaos ABC algorithm and Chaos particle swarm optimization (PSO)-ABC algorithm are employed. These are enhanced variants designed to improve exploitation ability, leading to better convergence values and reduced iteration requirements. The proposal is applied for locating three-line (L-L-L), three-line to-ground (L-L-L-G), two-line (L-L), two-line to-ground (L-L-G), and line-to-ground (L-G) faults on the transmission line with various locations. More specifically, the transmission line parameter variations and the CT saturation are considered to enhance the practicality of the fault location problem. Numerical results and comparisons confirm the proposal's effectiveness, being better than the previous traditional fault location technique such as the impedance-based (IB) technique, as well as other meta-heuristic algorithms such as a grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm, a gravitational search (GS) algorithm, and an inclined planes optimization (IPO) algorithm. The error percenta
Electric vehicles offer zero tailpipe emissions and effectively reduce the release of harmful pollutants, which are significant contributors to air pollution and climate changes. However, the increased adoption of ele...
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Electric vehicles offer zero tailpipe emissions and effectively reduce the release of harmful pollutants, which are significant contributors to air pollution and climate changes. However, the increased adoption of electric vehicles presents challenges to the power grid and could create a surge in demand characterized by fast-absorbing electrical energy. This surge can affect voltage profiles and escalate energy losses within distribution lines. This study introduces an optimization framework leveraging parallel search real-coded genetic algorithms (PSRCGA) for the efficient allocation and sizing of fast charging stations, vehicle-to-grid integration, and capacitors utilization. The optimization aims to enhance grid profitability by minimizing capacitor costs and optimizing power quality metrics through a multi-objective function. Various constraints such as power balance, bus voltage, current flow limits, and capacitor bank specifications are considered in the optimization process. By employing the PSRCGA, the study proposes a fitness function that effectively incorporates the objective function with the constraints. The proposed framework is validated through diverse scenarios applied to IEEE 33-bus and 69-bus systems, showcasing its efficacy in optimizing system performance.
This study proposes a simplified mathematical formulation for optimizing isolated microgrids, enhancing computational efficiency while preserving solution quality. The research focuses on the influence of Operation an...
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This study proposes a simplified mathematical formulation for optimizing isolated microgrids, enhancing computational efficiency while preserving solution quality. The research focuses on the influence of Operation and Maintenance (O&M) costs for Non-Dispatchable Generators (NDGs) and the relationship between costs and pollutant emissions. The proposed simplification reduces computational requirements, improves result interpretability, and increases the scalability of optimization techniques. The O&M costs of photovoltaic and wind systems were excluded from the initial optimization and calculated afterward. A Student's t-test yielded a p-value of 87.3%, confirming no significant difference between the tested scenarios, ensuring that the simplification does not impact solution quality while reducing computational complexity. For emission-related costs, scenarios with single and multiple pollutant generators were analyzed. When only one generator type is present, modifications are needed to enable effective multi-objective optimization. To address this, two alternative mathematical formulations were tested, offering more suitable approaches for the problem. However, when multiple pollutant sources exist, cost and emission differences naturally define the problem as multi-objective without requiring adjustments. Future work will explore grid-connected microgrids and additional optimization objectives, such as loss minimization, voltage control, and device lifespan extension.
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