Antibody display libraries have become a popular technique to screen monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic purposes. An important aspect of display technology is to generate an optimization library by changing antibod...
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Antibody display libraries have become a popular technique to screen monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic purposes. An important aspect of display technology is to generate an optimization library by changing antibody affinity to antigen through mutagenesis and screening the high affinity antibody. In this study, we report a novel lentivirus display based optimization library antibody in which Agtuzumab scFv is displayed on cell membrane of HEK-293T cells. To generate an optimization library, hotspot mutagenesis was performed to achieve diverse antibody library. Based on sequence analysis of randomly selected clones, library size was estimated approximately to be 1.6 x 10(6). Lentivirus display vector was used to display scFv antibody on cell surface and flow cytometery was performed to check the antibody affinity to antigen. Membrane bound scFv antibodies were then converted to secreted antibody through cre/loxP recombination. One of the mutant clones, M8 showed higher affinity to antigen in flow cytometery analysis. Further characterization of cellular and secreted scFv through western blot showed that antibody affinity was increased by three fold after mutagenesis. This study shows successful construction of a novel antibody library and suggests that hotspot mutagenesis could prove a useful and rapid optimization tool to generate similar libraries with various degree of antigen affinity. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Meta-heuristic algorithms are becoming more prevalent and have been widely applied in various fields. There are numerous reasons for the success of such techniques in both science and industry, including but not limit...
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Meta-heuristic algorithms are becoming more prevalent and have been widely applied in various fields. There are numerous reasons for the success of such techniques in both science and industry, including but not limited to simplicity in search/optimization mechanisms, implementation readiness, black-box nature, and ease of use. Although the solutions obtained by such algorithms are not guaranteed to be exactly global optimal, they usually find reasonably good solutions in a reasonable time. Many algorithms have been proposed and developed in the last two decades. However, there is no library implementing meta-heuristic algorithms, which is easy to use and has a vast collection of algorithms. This paper proposes an open-source and cross-platform Python library for nature-inspired optimization algorithms called Mealpy. To propose Mealpy, we analyze the features of existing libraries for meta-heuristic algorithms. After, we propose the designation and the structure of Mealpy and validate it with a case study discussion. Compared with other libraries, our proposed Mealpy has the largest number of classical and state-of-the-art meta-heuristic algorithms, with more than 160 algorithms. Mealpy is an open-source library with well-documented code, has a simple interface, and benefits from minimum dependencies. Mealpy includes a wide range of well-known and recent meta-heuristics algorithms capable of optimizing challenge benchmark functions (e.g. CEC-2017). Mealpy can also be used for practical problems such as optimizing parameters for machine learning models. We invite the research community for widespread evaluations of this comprehensive library as a promising tool for research study and real-world optimization. The source codes, supplementary materials, and guidance is publicly available on GitHub: https://***/thieu1995/mealpy.
High-throughput chemistry (HTC) is approaching its 20-year anniversary. Since 1992, some 5,000 chemical libraries, prepared for the purpose of biological intestigation and drug discovery, have been published in the sc...
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High-throughput chemistry (HTC) is approaching its 20-year anniversary. Since 1992, some 5,000 chemical libraries, prepared for the purpose of biological intestigation and drug discovery, have been published in the scientific literature. This review highlights the key events in the history of HTC with emphasis on library design. A historical perspective on the design of screening, targeted, and optimization libraries and their application is presented. Design strategies pioneered in the 1990s remain viable in the twenty-first century. less
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