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Robust information security system using steganography, orthogonal code and joint transform correlation

OPTIK 2015年第23期126卷 4026-4031页

作者： Islam, M. Nazrul Islam, Muhammad Faysal Shahrabi, Kamal SUNY Coll Farmingdale Dept Secur Syst Farmingdale NY 11735 USA George Washington Univ Dept Engn Management & Syst Engn Washington DC USA SUNY Coll Farmingdale Dept Elect & Comp Engn Technol Farmingdale NY 11735 USA

The paper presents a novel and efficient information security technique by employing orthogonal coding scheme, encoded steganography and nonlinear encryption scheme involving joint transform correlation. Multiple biometric signatures are encoded using individual orthogonal codes and then multiplexed together. The encoded and multiplexed image is then embedded inside a cover image utilizing a new steganography technique. Here, a color cover image is first decomposed into three color components, red, green and blue, each of which is used to embed one set of biometric signatures. In each component image, one bit from the three least significant bits is selected using another secret key which is then replaced by the information bit. The component stego images are combined to form the color stego image, which is again encrypted using a multiple phase-shifted reference joint transform correlation (MRJTC) technique. The MRJTC technique is a nonlinear encryption process which increases the security strength significantly against any unauthorized access. The encoded steganography process reduces the vulnerability of an intruder retrieving any information through any steganalysis attack. In addition, the orthogonal encoding scheme enhances the robustness by making the biometric information almost inaccessible without authorization. (C) 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biometric signature Color image processing orthogonal coding Joint transform correlation Steganography

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High speed 3D IR scanner for home service robots

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONICS COMMUNICATIONS AND COMPUTER SCIENCES 2006年第3期E89A卷 678-685页

作者： Ryu, J Yun, SH Song, KJ Cho, JD Choi, J Lee, S Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch Informat & Commun Suwon 440746 South Korea

This paper introduces the hardware platform of the structured light processing based on depth imaging to perform a 3D modeling of cluttered workspace for home service robots. We have discovered that the degradation of precision and robustness comes mainly from the overlapping of multiple codes in the signal received at a camera pixel. Considering the criticality of separating the overlapped codes to precision and robustness, we proposed a novel signal separation code, referred to here as "Hierarchically orthogonal Code (HOC)," for depth imaging. The proposed HOC algorithm was implemented by using hardware platform which applies the Xilinx XC2V6000 FPGA to perform a real time 3D modeling and the invisible IR (Infrared) pattern lights to eliminate any inconveniences for the home environment. The experimental results have shown that the proposed HOC algorithm significantly enhances the robustness and precision in depth imaging, compared to the best known conventional approaches. Furthermore, after we processed the HOC algorithm implemented on our hardware platform, the results showed that it required 34 ms of time to generate one 3D image. This processing time is about 24 times faster than the same implementation of HOC algorithm using software, and the real-time processing is realized.

关键词： structured light depth imaging signal separation orthogonal coding 3D IR scanner DMD

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Optical encryption and multiplexing of personal identification information using orthogonal code

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OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2006年第9期45卷 098201-1-098201页

作者： Islam, Mohammed Nazrul Alam, Mohammad S. Univ S Alabama Dept Elect & Comp Engn Mobile AL 36688 USA

A new technique is proposed for optical encryption and multiplexing of binary characters and images used for personal identification information. Different binary images can first be encrypted using orthogonal code and then multiplexed together in the spatial domain. The resulting encrypted single image provides security as well as makes efficient use of storage and/or transmission capacity. The image can finally be decrypted and the individual input images can be decoded employing the same orthogonal code set. Because of the orthogonal nature of the code used, the encryption and decryption processes do not deteriorate the quality of the images employed. Also, the proposed technique involves a very simple architecture, as it does not require any mathematical transformation. (c) 2006 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

关键词： optical security orthogonal coding optical information processing optical encryption decryption

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Optical encryption of personal identification information using orthogonal code

Optical encryption of personal identification information us...

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Conference on Optics and Photonics in Global Homeland Security II

作者： Islam, Mohammed Nazrul Alam, Mohammad S. Univ S Alabama Dept Elect & Comp Engn Mobile AL 36688 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819462594

Optical information processing techniques have been developed for information security and fraud deterrent applications. Several encryption methods have been proposed in the literature, which includes optical double randomphase encryption, polarization encoding, encryption and verification using a multiplexed minimum average correlation energy phase-encrypted filter. All these reports employed a pseudo-random number for the code. But as such numbers are not uncorrelated, the security is not guaranteed because a wrong code may also extract some of the features of the coded information. The objective of the paper is to develop an optical security system employing orthogonal code for protection of personal identification information. As the orthogonal codes have zero or minimum cross-correlation depending on the offset between the codes, a wrong code can not decrypt any information. Here a simple encryption technique is proposed in spatial domain, where the input images are first spread in one dimension using an optical lens and then multiplied by the respective code. Finally, the individual encrypted images are superimposed on a common spatial domain. The individual images can then be decrypted by correlating the received signal with the respective address code. Computer simulation results show that any information containing binary characters can be encrypted and then decrypted successfully. The encrypted images are found to be secure, because no unwanted reproduction is possible without having the appropriate code. The technique also offers an efficient use of the storage or transmission capacity. Therefore, the proposed optical encryption technique can be applied to securing personal identification or similar information.

关键词： optical security orthogonal coding optical inforination processing optical encryption and decryption

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Enhanced Information Security Employing orthogonal Code, Steganography and Joint Transform Correlation

Enhanced Information Security Employing Orthogonal Code, Ste...

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Conference on Optical Pattern Recognition XXIV

作者： Islam, M. Nazrul Islam, Muhammad Faysal Shahrabi, Kamal SUNY Agr & Tech Coll Farmingdale Dept Secur Syst Farmingdale NY 11735 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819495396

A novel and robust technique is proposed in this paper for securing confidential information by utilizing orthogonal coding scheme, encoded steganography and nonlinear encryption through joint transform correlation. Different biometric signatures are encoded using individual orthogonal codes and then multiplexed together. The encrypted and multiplexed image is hidden inside a cover image employing a steganography technique, where one from the three least significant bits is chosen using another secret key. A color cover image is utilized which is decomposed into three color components, red, green and blue, so that three different sets of biometric signatures can be embedded into each of the color components. The color stego image is finally encrypted using multiple phase-shifted reference joint transform correlation (MRJTC) technique. The proposed encryption technique is a nonlinear process which increases the security strength significantly against any unauthorized access. The encoded steganography technique reduces the vulnerability that an intruder can retrieve any information from a given image through any steganalysis attack. Finally, the orthogonal coding scheme enhances the robustness by making the biometric information almost inaccessible without authorization.

关键词： biometric signature color image processing orthogonal coding joint transform correlation steganography

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A Secure Approach For Encrypting and Compressing Biometric Information Employing orthogonal Code and Steganography

A Secure Approach For Encrypting and Compressing Biometric I...

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Conference on Optical Pattern Recognition XXIII

作者： Islam, Muhammad Faysal Islam, Mohammed Nazrul George Washington Univ Dept Engn Management & Syst Engn Washington DC 20052 USA SUNY Dept Secur Syst Farmingdale NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819490766

The objective of this paper is to develop a novel approach for encryption and compression of biometric information utilizing orthogonal coding and steganography techniques. Multiple biometric signatures are encrypted individually using orthogonal codes and then multiplexed together to form a single image, which is then embedded in a cover image using the proposed steganography technique. The proposed technique employs three least significant bits for this purpose and a secret key is developed to choose one from among these bits to be replaced by the corresponding bit of the biometric image. The proposed technique offers secure transmission of multiple biometric signatures in an identification document which will be protected from unauthorized steganalysis attempt.

关键词： biometric features orthogonal coding pseudo-random numbers multiplexing Walsh code steganography

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Complex orthogonal Coded Binary Transmission with Amicable Hadamard Matrices over Rayleigh Fading Channels

Complex Orthogonal Coded Binary Transmission with Amicable H...

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16th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (lSCC)

作者： Iossifides, Athanassios C. Alexander Technol Educ Inst Thessaloniki Dept Elect Thessaloniki 57400 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781457706783

This paper proposes and analyzes a binary information transmission system with complex orthogonal coding based on the use of amicable Hadamard matrices. The proposed configuration is analyzed over Rayleigh fading channels with coherent maximum aposteriori probability (MAP) vector detection. The performance of the system is evaluated in terms of the bit error probability (BEP) with simulation and/or mathematical analysis and presents great enhancement compared to standard binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation under identical information rate and mean power constraints. The system performance is enhanced by increasing the size of Hadamard matrices at a cost of complexity increase due to MAP detection. Comparison with real Hadamard matrices coded configurations, recently proposed, favors the proposed system with significant difference.

关键词： Maximum aposteriori probability (MAP) detection orthogonal coding Amicable Hadamard matrices Rayleigh fading

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Managing wireless Internet information of electronic advertising 1

Managing wireless Internet information of electronic adverti...

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1st European Conference on Universal Multiservice Networks (ECUMN 2000)

作者： Emad, R Yoshio, Y Yoshiaki, N Tadao, N Hirosaki Univ Dept Elect & Informat Sci Hirosaki Aomori Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0780364198

This paper presents a new method for coding information based on CDMA, where two families of orthogonal coding sequences have been used. The data stream of each page or each link's page is coded with a unique set of Walsh-Hadamard (WH) function while the whole data stream of a particular base station is coded using another class of binary coding sequence called bent sequence. Numerical results are presented and the results show that a system with bent coding has a significant improvement in performance in terms of bit error rate and number of simultaneous users in comparison with other sequence.

关键词： electronic advertising orthogonal coding sequence correlation bit error rate

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Uncooled orthogonal DWDM using discrete laser sources for low-cost datacommunication applications

Uncooled Orthogonal DWDM using discrete laser sources for lo...

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European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC)

作者： von Lindeiner, J. B. Wonfor, A. Penty, R. V. White, I. H. Univ Cambridge Dept Engn Elect Engn Div Ctr Photon Syst 9 JJ Thomson Ave Cambridge CB3 0FA England

We show experimentally and through simulations how discrete laser sources can be used in uncooled DWDM systems by exploiting orthogonal coding. This low-cost solution reduces power consumption over traditional DWDM sy... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781479930661

关键词： channel spacing laser beam applications light sources optical fibre communication optical transmitters orthogonal codes power consumption telecommunication power management wavelength division multiplexing discrete laser sources low-cost datacommunication applications orthogonal coding power consumption reduction uncooled orthogonal DWDM Arrayed waveguide gratings Encoding Optical signal processing Power demand Receivers Transversal filters Wavelength division multiplexing orthogonal codes channel spacing Wavelength division multiplexing Power consumption transversal filters Arrayed waveguide gratings Optical transmitters Optical signal processing Power demand Optical fibre communication LIGHT SOURCES Receivers Dense wavelength division multiplexing Laser Source

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Alternative target functions for protein structure prediction with neural networks

Alternative target functions for protein structure predictio...

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6th Conference on Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery

作者： Deng, H Harrison, R Pan, Y Tai, PC Georgia State Univ Dept Comp Sci Atlanta GA 30303 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453560

The prediction and modeling of protein structure is a central problem in bioinformatics. Neural networks have been used extensively to predict the secondary structure of proteins. While significant progress has been made by using multiple sequence data, the ability to predict secondary structure from a single sequence and a single prediction network has stagnated with an accuracy of about 75%. This implies that there is some limit to the accuracy of the prediction. In order to understand this behavior we asked the question of what happens as we change the target function for the prediction. Instead of predicting a derived quantity, such as whether a given chain is a helix, sheet or turn, we tested whether a more directly observed quantity such as the distance between a pair of alpha-carbon atoms could be predicted with reasonable accuracy. The alpha-carbon atom position is central to each residue in the protein and the distances between them in sequence define the backbone of protein. Knowledge of the distances between the alpha-carbon atoms is sufficient to determine the three dimensional structure of the protein. We have trained on distance data derived from the complete protein structure database (pdb) using a multi-layered perceptron (MLP) feedforward neural network with back propagation. It shows that the root of mean square error is 4.4 Angstrom while the mean of actual output is 11.5 Angstrom with orthogonal coding of protein primary sequence. Other coding schemes including BLOSUM62 coding and linear coding were tested with another two target functions of cutoff accuracy and correlation coefficient. The best correlation coefficient was achieved with BLOSUM62 coding scheme and the cutoff accuracy reached about 60%.

关键词： MLP alpha-carbon atoms RMSE orthogonal coding BLOSUM coding linear coding correlation coefficient cutoff accuracy

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