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program monitoring AND ANALYSIS - SOFTWARE STRUCTURES AND ARCHITECTURAL SUPPORT

SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 1990年第9期20卷 859-867页

作者： CHARLTON, CC LENG, PH WILKINSON, DM Department of Computer Science Liverpool University PO Box 147 Liverpool L69 3BX U.K.

The ability to monitor the progress of a program in execution is useful in program testing and debugging, and for performance analysis and profiling. Systems to support this activity should ideally be high-level-language based, but progress in implementing them has been limited by the lack of suitable hardware support. In this paper we derive software structures to support a generalized system of execution monitoring, and define a set of architectural primitives sufficient to support these structures. Simple and efficient means of implementing these primitives within the machine architecture are described.

关键词： program monitoring Debugging Architectural support Dynamic analysis

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program monitoring FOR CLINICAL-PRACTICE SPECIMEN POSITIVITY ACROSS URINE COLLECTION METHODS

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JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT 1995年第3期12卷 223-226页

作者： MORAN, J MAYBERRY, C KINNIBURGH, D JAMES, D ALBERTA ALCOHOL & DRUG ABUSE COMMISS EDMONTONAB T5J 3M9CANADA W END TREATMENT CTR EDMONTONABCANADA DR S HANSON & ASSOCIATES MED LABSOPIATE DEPENDENCY PROGRAMEDMONTONABCANADA

Urinalysis is a primary component of methadone programming. A clinic-based study was conducted to determine whether unsupervised urine collection is as reliable as other methods for detecting unauthorized drug use among methadone treatment clients. Drug positivity rates compared over a 30- week period revealed no significant differences as a function of collection method. Results confirm the efficacy of unsupervised urine collection using a heat sensitive strip or temperature indicator. Study findings also offer evidence to support clinical practice designed to ensure client privacy and dignity while maintaining standards for effective program monitoring.

关键词： program monitoring URINE SCREENING METHADONE CLINICAL PRACTICE

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Efficient dynamic program monitoring on multi-core systems

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE 2011年第1期57卷 121-133页

作者： He, Guojin Zhai, Antonia Univ Minnesota Dept Comp Sci & Engn Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

Dynamic program execution monitors allow programmers to observe and verify an application while it is running. Instrumentation-based dynamic program monitors often incur significant performance overhead due to instrumentation. Special hardware supports have been proposed to reduce this overhead. However, most of these supports often target specific monitoring requirements, and thus have limited applicability. Recently, with multi-core systems becoming mainstream, executing the monitored program and the monitor simultaneously on separate cores has emerged as an attractive option. However, due to the large amount of information forwarded to the monitor, existing approaches of dynamic monitoring on multi-core still suffers from significant performance overhead, unless adapt special-purpose hardware support. In this paper, we present a novel dynamic execution monitoring model on the multi-core architecture. This model is based on two observations: (1) a monitor only requires specific information from the monitored program: (2) some information can be easily computed by the monitor from information that have already been communicated. Based on these observations, we propose hardware and software support to build a dynamic execution monitoring system that only communicates information that is relevant to monitoring purposes. Furthermore, we developed optimization techniques that decide the set of data to forward to the monitor and the data set to compute by the monitor, so that the total execution time of the monitor is minimized. We evaluate the performance impact of the proposed dynamic program monitoring system with SPEC2006 integer benchmarks for two intensive monitoring tasks: taint-propagation and memory-bug-detection. Compared with instrumentation-based monitors, the proposed techniques is able to reduce the performance overhead of the two monitors by 3.7x and 2.2x, respectively. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multi-core program monitoring Compiler optimisation

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Efficient dynamic program monitoring on multi-core platforms

Efficient dynamic program monitoring on multi-core platforms

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作者： He, Guojin University of Minnesota

学位级别：Ph.D.

Software security and reliability have become increasingly important in modern world. An effective approach of enforcing software security and reliability is to monitor program's execution at run time. However, traditional instrumentation-based implementation of dynamic program monitor on single-core systems suffers significant performance overhead. As multi-core architecture emerges as the mainstream, implementing efficient dynamic program monitor by assigning monitoring activities onto separate processor cores and thus reducing performance overhead becomes not only feasible, but also appealing way to enforce software security and reliability. However, to achieve efficient and flexible multi-core based dynamic program monitoring, three challenging issues must be carefully considered and adequately addressed: the hardware support, monitoring model and parallelization of monitoring tasks. This dissertation proposes novel solutions to these challenging problems. The hardware support proposed in this dissertation, referred to as extraction logic, selectively extracts execution information from the monitored program and forwards it to its monitor running on a separate CPU core. It is generic and configurable by monitor so that it can support a large spectrum of monitoring tasks. Based on this generic hardware support, this dissertation proposes a novel monitoring model, referred to as distill-based monitor, which is generated by special compiler support implemented by us for the monitoring purpose. The idea of the distill-based monitor model is based on the observations a monitor only need partial information about its monitored execution and of this needed information some can be easily computed by the monitor from the information that have already been communicated. We developed a code generator and optimization techniques to decide the set of information to forward and the set to compute, so that the total execution time of the monitor is minimized. This compiler sup

关键词： Compiler Multi-core Parallelization program monitoring Software reliability Computer Science

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Video monitoring a Simulation-Based Quality Improvement program in Bihar, India

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CLINICAL SIMULATION IN NURSING 2018年 17卷 19-27页

作者： Dyer, Jessica Spindler, Hilary Christmas, Amelia Shah, Malay Bharat Morgan, Melissa Cohen, Susanna R. Sterne, Jason Mahapatra, Tanmay Walker, Dilys PRONTO Int Seattle WA 98112 USA Univ Calif San Francisco Inst Global Hlth Sci San Francisco CA 94158 USA State RMNCH A Unit Pronto Int Patna Bihar India CARE India Solut Sustainable Dev Bihar Tech Support Unit Patna Bihar India Univ Calif San Francisco Dept Pediat San Francisco CA 94158 USA London Sch Hyg & Trop Med Maternal Adolescent Reprod & Child Hlth Ctr Keppel St London England Univ Utah Coll Nursing Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA Univ Calif San Francisco Dept Obstet & Gynecol San Francisco CA 94110 USA Univ Calif San Francisco Reprod Serv San Francisco CA 94110 USA

Background: Simulation-based training has become an accepted clinical training andragogy in high-resource settings with its use increasing in low-resource settings. Video recordings of simulated scenarios are commonly used by facilitators. Beyond using the videos during debrief sessions, researchers can also analyze the simulation videos to quantify technical and nontechnical skills during simulated scenarios over time. Little is known about the feasibility and use of large-scale systems to video record and analyze simulation and debriefing data for monitoring and evaluation in low-resource settings. Methods: This manuscript describes the process of designing and implementing a large-scale video monitoring system. Mentees and Mentors were consented and all simulations and debriefs conducted at 320 Primary Health Centers (PHCs) were video recorded. The system design, number of video recordings, and inter-rater reliability of the coded videos were assessed. Results: The final dataset included a total of 11,278 videos. Overall, a total of 2,124 simulation videos were coded and 183 (12%) were blindly double-coded. For the double-coded sample, the average inter-rater reliability (IRR) scores were 80% for nontechnical skills, and 94% for clinical technical skills. Among 4,450 long debrief videos received, 216 were selected for coding and all were double-coded. Data quality of simulation videos was found to be very good in terms of recorded instances of ''unable to see'' and ''unable to hear'' in Phases 1 and 2. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that video monitoring systems can be effectively implemented at scale in resource limited settings. Further, video monitoring systems can play several vital roles within program implementation, including monitoring and evaluation, provision of actionable feedback to program implementers, and assurance of program fidelity. (C) 2017 International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning. Published by Elsevier Inc. T

关键词： maternal and child health simulation training program monitoring quality improvement video monitoring

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A DATA-FLOW APPROACH TO EVENT-BASED DEBUGGING

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 1991年第2期21卷 209-229页

作者： OLSSON, RA CRAWFORD, RH HO, WW Division of Computer Science University of California Davis CA 95616 U.S.A.

This paper describes a novel approach to event-based debugging. The approach is based on a (coarse-grained) dataflow view of events: a high-level event is recognized when an appropriate combination of lower-level events on which it depends has occurred. Event recognition is controlled using familiar programming language constructs. This approach is more flexible and powerful than current ones. It allows arbitrary debugger language commands to be executed when attempting to form higher-level events. It also allows users to specify event recognition in much the same way that they write programs. This paper also describes a prototype, Dalek, that employs the dataflow approach for debugging sequential programs. Dalek demonstrates the feasibility and attractiveness of the dataflow approach. One important motivation for this work is that current sequential debugging tools are inadequate. Dalek contributes toward remedying such inadequacies by providing events and a powerful debugging language. Generalizing the dataflow approach so that it can aid in the debugging of concurrent programs is under investigation.

关键词： DEBUGGING programMABLE DEBUGGING SOURCE-LEVEL DEBUGGING EVENT-BASED DEBUGGING DATA-FLOW program monitoring

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E-KERNEL - AN EMBEDDING KERNEL ON THE IBM VICTOR-V256 MULTIPROCESSOR FOR program MAPPING AND NETWORK RECONFIGURATION

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 1994年第9期5卷 977-994页

作者： MA, E SHEA, DG IBM CORP THOMAS J WATSON RES CTRDIV RESTECHNOL PLANNING STAFFYORKTOWN HTSNY 10598

We present the design of E-kernel, an embedding kernel on the Victor V256 message-passing partitionable multi-processor, developed for the support of program mapping and network reconfiguration. E-kernel supports the embedding of a new network topology onto Victor's 2-D mesh and also the embedding of a task graph onto the 2-D mesh network or the reconfigured network. In the current implementation, the reconfigured network can be a line or an even-size ring, and the task graphs meshes or tori of a variety of dimensions and shapes or graphs with similar topologies. For application programs having these task graph topologies and that are designed according to the communication model of E-kernel, they can be run without any change on partitions connected by the 2-D mesh, line, or ring. Further, E-kernel attempts the communication optimization of these programs on the different networks automatically, thus making both the network topology and the communication optimization attempt completely transparent to the application programs. Many of the embeddings used in E-kernel are optimal or asymptotically optimal (with respect to minimum dilation cost). The implementation of E-kernel translated some of the many theoretical results in graph embeddings into practical tools for program mapping and network reconfiguration in a parallel system. E-kernel is functional on Victor V256. Measurements of E-kernel's performance on V256 are also included.

关键词： program MAPPING NETWORK RECONFIGURATION EMBEDDING MESSAGE PASSING MULTIPROCESSORS program monitoring COMMUNICATION OPTIMIZATION KERNEL

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monitoring AND DEBUGGING DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME programS

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 1992年第10期22卷 863-877页

作者： DODD, PS RAVISHANKAR, CV Real-Time Computing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-2122 U.S.A.

In this paper we describe the design and implementation of an integrated monitoring and debugging system for a distributed real-time computer system. The monitor provides continuous, transparent monitoring capabilities throughout a real-time system's lifecycle with bounded, minimal, predictable interference by using software support. The monitor is flexible enough to observe both high-level events that are operating system- and application-specific, as well as low-level events such as shared variable references. We present a novel approach to monitoring shared variable references that provides transparent monitoring with low overhead. The monitor is designed to support tasks such as debugging real-time applications, aiding real-time task scheduling, and measuring system performance. Since debugging distributed real-time applications is particularly difficult, we describe how the monitor can be used to debug distributed and parallel applications by deterministic execution replay.

关键词： program monitoring DEBUGGING REAL-TIME SYSTEMS

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APPLICATION-DEPENDENT DYNAMIC monitoring OF DISTRIBUTED AND PARALLEL SYSTEMS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 1993年第7期4卷 762-778页

作者： OGLE, DM SCHWAN, K SNODGRASS, R IBM CORP DEPT EXPTL SYST RES TRIANGLE PK NC 27709 USA OHIO STATE UNIV DEPT COMP & INFORMAT SCI COLUMBUS OH 43210 USA UNIV N CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL NC 27514 USA GEORGIA INST TECHNOL COLL COMP ATLANTA GA 30332 USA UNIV ARIZONA DEPT COMP SCI TUCSON AZ 85721 USA

Achieving high performance for parallel or distributed programs often requires substantial amounts of information about the programs themselves, about the systems on which they are executing, and about specific program runs. The monitoring system presented in this paper collects, analyzes, and makes application-dependent monitoring information available to the programmer and to the executing program. The system may be used for off-line program analysis, for on-line debugging, and for making on-line, dynamic changes to parallel or distributed programs to enhance their performance. We employ a high-level, uniform data model for the representation of program information and monitoring data. We show how this model may be used for the specification of program views and attributes for monitoring, and we demonstrate how such specifications can be translated into efficient, program-specific monitoring code that uses alternative mechanisms for the distributed analysis and collection to be performed for the specified views. The model's utility has been demonstrated on a wide variety of parallel machines, including several kinds of multiprocessors and a local area network.

关键词： APPLICATION-DEPENDENT monitoring DISTRIBUTED programS DYNAMIC monitoring PARALLEL programS program ADAPTATION program CONFIGURATION program monitoring program PERFORMANCE

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GRAPHBUG - A MICROPROCESSOR SOFTWARE DEBUGGING TOOL

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MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROSYSTEMS 1986年第4期10卷 195-201页

作者： DAVIES, AC GOUSSOUS, AS Centre for Information Engineering The City University Northampton Square London EC1V 0HB UK

Principles of traditional debugging tools have been analysed to identify ways of improving the user interface. In this paper a software tool for assembly-language programming which provides an improved user interface by making use of the facilities of modern visual display units is described. The tool, Graphbug, is designed for the Z80 microprocessor and runs under the CDOS operating system. Internal operation of Graphbug is illustrated.

关键词： debugging microprocessors program monitoring

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