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21st International Conference on Smart Technologies and education (STE) on Smart Technologies for a Sustainable Future

作者： Modran, Horia Alexandru Ursutiu, Doru Samoila, Cornel Gherman-Dolhascu, Elena-Catalina Transilvania Univ Brasov Brasov Romania Romanian Acad Scientists Bucharest Romania Romanian Acad Tech Sci Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9783031619045;9783031619052

While general-purpose language models, such as ChatGPT, have performed very well in various domains, the unique challenges posed by programming necessitate a specialized approach. This study focuses on the development of a specialized GPT model aimed at supporting students in their programming education. The model is designed to serve a triple purpose: assisting students in generating specific parts of their code and guiding them through the process of improving and debugging their own programs. Notably, the model incorporates a unique customization feature with moderation to ensure that the generated code does not closely mimic assignments designated by teachers. The article provides an in-depth exploration of the model's construction, detailing its distinctive features intended to empower students while preserving the academic integrity of the learning experience. This innovative contribution holds significant potential in transforming programming education, offering targeted assistance that expands individual problem-solving skills and strikes a balance between automated support and educational objectives. The research underscores the importance of maintaining fairness and integrity in the learning process while leveraging advanced technology to enhance students' programming capabilities.

关键词： AI programming education GPT Chatbot

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Exploring the impact of concept-oriented faded WOE and metacognitive scaffolding on learners' transfer performance and motivation in programming education

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METACOGNITION AND LEARNING 2024年第1期19卷 147-168页

作者： Shin, Yoonhee Jung, Jaewon Lee, Hyun Ji Hanyang Univ Coll Educ 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul South Korea Korean Educ Dev Inst KEDI 7 Gyohak Ro Jincheon Gun Chungcheongbuk South Korea Ohio State Univ Dept Educ Studies Columbus OH USA

This study investigated the effects of concept-oriented faded in worked-out examples (WOE) and metacognitive scaffolding on learners' transfer performance and motivation in programming education. Two types of faded in WOE and metacognitive scaffolding were provided. A total of 140 participants were randomly assigned into one of four groups, with 35 in each group: concept-oriented faded WOE for the COF group;position-oriented faded WOE for the POF group;concept-oriented faded WOE with metacognitive scaffolding for the COFM group;and position-oriented faded WOE with metacognitive scaffolding for the POFM group. The experiment was conducted over the course of 10 weeks. After the completion of all learning processes, the participants' knowledge transfer and motivation were measured. The findings revealed that providing concept-oriented faded WOE led to a significantly better performance than did providing position-oriented faded WOE, both in near-transfer and far-transfer results. In addition, the results revealed that providing concept-oriented faded WOE with metacognitive scaffolding (COFM) was the most effective in promoting motivation. The findings further provided empirical evidence that using concept-oriented faded WOE, along with metacognitive scaffolding, is better than using only concept-oriented faded WOE.

关键词： programming education Knowledge transfer Motivation Concept-oriented faded WOE Metacognitive scaffolding

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Achievements Visualization in programming education 43

Achievements Visualization in Programming Education

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43rd IEEE-Computer-Society Annual International Computers, Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： Hanayama, Kaisei Matsumoto, Shinsuke Higo, Yoshiki Kusumoto, Shinji Osaka Univ Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol Osaka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728126074

programming education focusing on the correctness of program behavior is often conducted with automated testing. However, it is difficult to instruct students about internal program quality since automated testing confirms only the external behavior of the program. Although there are a lot of quality measuring tools, results in these tools are so detailed or complicated that students cannot handle them. Besides, these tools do not give explicit criteria to judge the quality of the given program, thus students cannot figure out how high their program quality is. As a result, using these tools does not lead to improving the program quality. In this paper, we propose an educational method in which visualize the program quality by introducing a concept called achievement. We also introduce an implemented prototype system, Ave, to realize the proposed method.

关键词： programming education automated testing program quality achievement visualizing

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Mutual Improvement between Teaching Materials and Assessment Tools for K-12 programming education

Mutual Improvement between Teaching Materials and Assessment...

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IEEE Frontiers in education Conference (FIE)

作者： Nagumo, Hideo Oomori, Yasumasa Takemura, Yasuhiro Niigata Seiryo Univ Dept Clin Psychol Niigata Japan Joetsu Univ Educ Coll Educ Joetsu Japan Osaka Univ Arts Dept Art Sci Osaka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665438513

This Innovative Practice Full Paper presents an approach to improve teaching materials and assessment tools for K-12 programming education together by creating a virtuous cycle. Improving teaching materials for computing education is in line with the conference theme " Creating a convergence in engineering education and workforce development". In this research, coding sheets are used as a part of the teaching materials, and the assessment tools are used to assess the algorithmic thinking ability of the students. The assumption here is that there is a mutual impact between the improvement of teaching materials and that of assessment tools. This kind of strategy is important, especially in the setting of elementary school education in Japan in which conducting a pilot study is difficult. In Japan, the new curriculum guidelines were fully implemented in April 2020 in elementary schools and in April 2021 in junior high schools respectively. They will be implemented in April 2022 in high schools. Since the announcement of the new curriculum guidelines, the boards of education in the local governments have been preparing for the programming education in the schools. However, there are still remaining problems, including the shortage of trained teachers and the lack of good assessment tools. In order to remedy the shortage of trained teachers, we designed some coding sheets for the teaching materials consisting of block parts, servo motors, DC-motors, LEDs, and sensors. In our assessment tools which are supposed to assess students' Computational Thinking ability, we included only the questions for assessing algorithmic thinking ability, as there is a limited amount of time for the assessment in schools. We have used our teaching materials and our assessment tools in some elementary schools. Based on the results of the teaching activities, we discuss the strategy to improve the teaching materials and the assessment tools together.

关键词： programming education teaching material assessment tool Computational Thinking elementary school

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Analysis of source codes created by beginners in programming education

Analysis of source codes created by beginners in programming...

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8th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing/3rd ACIS International Workshop on Self-Assembling Wireless Networks

作者： Nakashima, Toyoshiro Matsuyama, Chieko Ishii, Naohiro Sugiyama Jogakuen Univ Nagoya Aichi Japan Aichi Inst Technol Toyota Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0769529097

The creation of animations was made as a subject of university programming course in order to make students understand the process of program creation, and tackle programming with interest. However programs created by students had many problems. In this paper, the formats and composition of the programs were investigated. It was clarified by the analysis of source codes that there were a lot of problems related to such matters as how to use indentation, how to apply comments and functions etc. in the programming for the format and the composition of the source codes.

关键词： programming education source code analysis of animation

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Detecting Functional Differences using Automatic Test Generation for Automated Assessment in programming education 28

Detecting Functional Differences using Automatic Test Genera...

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28th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC)

作者： Izuta, Ryoko Matsumoto, Shinsuke Igaki, Hiroshi Saiki, Sachio Fukuyasu, Naoki Kusumoto, Shinji Osaka Univ Osaka Japan Osaka Inst Technol Osaka Japan Kochi Univ Technol Kochi Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665437844

Software testing is being leveraged in programming education for automated assessment of programming assignments. When using software testing in programming education, program specifications are provided as unit or integration tests, and students create programs that pass these tests. Although this method has various advantages, such as ensuring objective program specifications and automating the operation check, it also has many disadvantages. For example, detecting innovations, such as original specifications and functional extensions by an individual student, is difficult. The purpose of this research is to automatically detect functional differences among student programs in programming education using tests. In our proposed method, automatic test generation is applied to student programs, and the generated tests are mutually executed for other student programs. Furthermore, we classify the tests based on the execution path to obtain sets of tests that are capable of detecting functional differences.

关键词： automated assessment automated test generation programming education test execution path

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A Word about programming: Applying a Natural Language Vocabulary Acquisition Model to programming education

A Word about Programming: Applying a Natural Language Vocabu...

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ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on SPLASH-E (SPLASH-E)

作者： Veldthuis, Marcella Hermans, Felienne Vrije Univ Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712166

A programming language is a textual language with syntax and semantics, and so is a natural language. Because of these similar characteristics, it is proposed that learning to program is similar to learning a new natural language. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness when a natural language vocabulary acquisition model is used in programming education for beginners. This study involves a class of 26 students enrolled in lower secondary education. We apply a model for learning vocabulary to programming concepts. We redesign three lessons of an introductory programming course and replace them with lessons in which natural language strategies are used. Based on lesson observations, written and verbal student feedback, and an analysis of the students' work, we aim to understand the effects of this intervention on both student performance and motivation. Our findings show that the students have effectively learned and practiced programming concepts. They also show high levels of motivation, by expressing enthusiasm and dedication towards their learning process. When asked for feedback students state how they thought the learning process is fun. They appreciate the lesson structure and set-up, the themes, the way they receive instruction, and that they are allowed to collaborate with other students. Challenges of our approach are that our lessons made use of paper handouts, and although students did quite well when working on the programming assignments, they showed a great dislike for working on paper that negatively affected their motivation. Also, transitioning to a different kind of lessons takes time and effort, and we need to make sure to create a safe classroom environment in which students feel free to get creative, brainstorm and associate.

关键词： programming education natural language education vocabulary acquisition Python Hedy action research

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Analysis Method of Student Achievement Level utilizing Web-Based programming education Support Tool pgtacer 5

Analysis Method of Student Achievement Level utilizing Web-B...

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5th IIAI International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI-AAI)

作者： Murata, Miyuki Kakeshita, Tetsuro Kumamoto Coll Natl Inst Technol Fac Liberal Studies Yatsushiro Japan Saga Univ Dept Informat Sci Saga Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467389853

We are developing a Web-based programming education support tool pgtracer as a plug-in of well-known Learning Management System Moodle. Pgtracer provides fill-in-the-blank questions composed of a C++ program and a trace table to students. When a student answers a question by filling the blanks, pgtracer collects student's answers, required time, evaluation result, etc. as student log. Pgtracer also provides various analysis functions of the collected log. A teacher can utilize the analysis functions in order to analyze the student achievement level and the difficulty level of the problems. In this paper, we propose methods to analyze achievement level of the students utilizing the analysis functions. We perform an evaluation experiment with 50 students in order to validate those methods. As a result, difference was discovered at the answer process caused by the achievement level of the student. The proposed method is useful to analyze achievement level of the students in detail.

关键词： E-learning Computer programming programming education Learning analytics

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Snapdown: A Text-Based Snapshot Diagram Language for programming education

Snapdown: A Text-Based Snapshot Diagram Language for Program...

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IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Whatley, Daniel Goldman, Max Miller, Robert C. MIT CSAIL Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665445924

Snapshot diagrams, which visualize in-memory program state, are frequently used in programming education to demonstrate new concepts and help students develop a better understanding of program functionality. In this paper we introduce Snapdown, a textual language for drawing snapshot diagrams, designed for use by both students and instructors of programming courses. Snapdown is designed with an emphasis on learnability and simplicity: both to be picked up by students in a classroom setting in a matter of minutes, and to enable creation and maintenance of diagrams in instructional content with minimal overhead. We introduce several use cases of Snapdown and describe the design and features of its textual language. We also describe a deployment of Snapdown during two semesters of emergency remote teaching in 6.031 Software Construction at MIT, a software engineering course intended for sophomore- and junior-level undergraduate students.

关键词： snapshot diagrams textual language programming education

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A programming education-Support PSE System to programming Competition

A Programming Education-Support PSE System to Programming Co...

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7th International Conference on Computing and Convergence Technology (ICCCT)

作者： Teramoto, Takayuki Onishi, Atsushi Kawata, Shigeo Tsuyama Natl Coll Technol Dept Elect & Comp Engn Tsuyama Okayama 7088509 Japan Utsunomiya Univ Dept Adv Interdisciplinary Sci Utsunomiya Tochigi 3218585 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467308946;9788994364261

The programming education is very important in technical colleges, universities and enterprises. We have developed a problem solving environment (PSE) for the education and learning support: TSUNA-TASTE [T. Teramoto, et al., J. Convergence Information Tech., Vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 216-224, 2010]. The TSUNA-TASTE system has a framework to make various programming systems. In this paper we propose and develop a new subsystem of a Procon(Proguraming Contest) Competition Section in Japan. The TSUNA-TASTE may open a new possibility of helpful computer language education.

关键词： programming education programming Competition PSE (Problem Solving Environment)

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