The concept of usage of heterogeneous networks (HetNets) is about improving the LTE system performance by increasing the capacity and coverage of the Macro cell. In this paper, a performance comparison of various pack...
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The concept of usage of heterogeneous networks (HetNets) is about improving the LTE system performance by increasing the capacity and coverage of the Macro cell. In this paper, a performance comparison of various packet scheduling algorithms such as Proportional Fair, Maximum Largest Weighted Delay First and Exponential/Proportional Fair is studied in detail in the HetNets environment. The key performance indicators such as throughput, packet loss ratio, delay and fairness are considered to judge the performance of the schedulingalgorithms. Various strategies such as increasing the number of Pico cells in the cell edge were used in the simulation for the performance evaluation study. The results achieved through various simulations show that adding Pico cells to the existing Macros enhances the overall system performance in addition to the various schedulingalgorithms implemented in Macros. For reader's convenience, various types of graphs have been used to represent the simulation results to better understand the performance metrics of various schedulingalgorithms. Simulation results shows that overall system gain has increased because of adding Picos and thereby providing better coverage in the cell edge areas and thereby increasing the capacity of the network to provide better quality of service.
While LTE (4G) networks offer high-speed data transmission, 5G is necessary to meet the growing demands of modern communication. The main goals of 5G are to make communications more agile by significantly increasing n...
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While LTE (4G) networks offer high-speed data transmission, 5G is necessary to meet the growing demands of modern communication. The main goals of 5G are to make communications more agile by significantly increasing network capacity, lowering latency, and speeding up the networks to handle a massive number of connected devices. To materialize this vision, a new concept has emerged in 5G called network slicing;hence, network providers can offer tailored quality of service based on every type of user according to their specific requirements. However, efficient resource allocation in LTE and across slices or even within a slice in 5G systems to meet QoS is still one of the most critical issues for network designers while resources change over the complexity, dynamic nature, and resource constraints of the network. Classic resource allocation methods cannot cope with the dynamics of the changing network environment;hence, there is an increasing need for faster and smarter resource allocation schemes. This paper proposes an efficient dynamic scheduling algorithm based on machine learning methods for real-time applications in LTE networks, extending to 5G using Radio Access Network (RAN) slicing with a focus on enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) slices. Carrying out extensive simulations and evaluations by using the ns-3 simulator, we compare and analyze various downlink scheduling rules in terms of system throughput, spectral efficiency, average delay, and packet loss ratio. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm always outperforms the QoS performance, especially for real-time applications.
The developments in wireless technology and applications in recent years have increased the interest in downlink scheduling and resource allocations among researchers. Moreover, fair scheduling and balanced Quality of...
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The developments in wireless technology and applications in recent years have increased the interest in downlink scheduling and resource allocations among researchers. Moreover, fair scheduling and balanced Quality of Service (QoS) delivery for various forms of traffic are needed for Long-Term Evolution (LTE) wireless systems. This paper proposes hybrid QoS-aware downlink scheduling approaches that aim to address different traffic classes and balance the QoS delivery with improvements to the overall system performance under channel and bandwidth constraints. Moreover, this research introduces a taxonomy that classifies the schedulingalgorithms into four main classes: delay aware, queue aware, target bit-rate aware and hybrid aware. The latter class is the scheduling class that is proposed in this paper;it considers channel, queue and delay parameters in its scheduling metric. Using simulations, we compare and analyze different downlink scheduling rules for their network-centric performance metrics, e.g., average packet loss ratio, average throughput, average packet delay, system fairness, and system spectral efficiency. The simulation results show that the queue-aware and delay-aware scheduling rules deliver the best QoS performance for video traffic classes, whereas our proposed hybrid scheduling rules deliver balanced QoS for various types of traffic classes. Employing QoS balancing scheduling rules in an LTE downlink is suggested to provide high QoS delivery for different traffic classes.
This paper presents packets Processing Algorithm (PPA) in an Internet Protocol/Multiprotocol Label Switching (IP/MPLS) based networks. Mainly involved label distribution using Label Distribution Protocol and packet fo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728128887
This paper presents packets Processing Algorithm (PPA) in an Internet Protocol/Multiprotocol Label Switching (IP/MPLS) based networks. Mainly involved label distribution using Label Distribution Protocol and packet forwarding. Fuzzy based packetscheduling Algorithm (FPSA) would be incorporated with PPA in order to provide intelligent performance to the MPLS core networks. Previously, many research has been proposed on the MPLS Traffic Engineering. However, there is still a need to further research on MPLS simulator using different mechanisms such as the analytical model of MPLS, expert-based packetscheduling algorithm for MPLS QoS support. Since MPLS is not able to provide intelligent routing, it is necessary to propose an intelligent expert system of FPSA combined with PPA together with an analytical model of packet forwarding in the MPLS network. This will be able to justify the control of traffic congestion and reliable services. Furthermore, the network model created using NS2, which carries application such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP) will be used. Performance metrics of throughput and end-to-end delay are considered with the results obtained from trace files. Then, trace files are interpreted and used for the calculations of the aforementioned metrics by AWK script.
In parallel to the advancements in communication technologies, telemedicine research has continually adapted to develop various healthcare applications. The latest wireless technology Long-Term Evolution(LTE) is being...
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In parallel to the advancements in communication technologies, telemedicine research has continually adapted to develop various healthcare applications. The latest wireless technology Long-Term Evolution(LTE) is being increasingly deployed across developed countries and rapidly adopted by developing countries. In this paper, a content-aware packetscheduling approach for medical ultrasound videos is proposed. The contribution of this work is introducing a utility function based on the temporal complexity of the video frames. The utility function is used with four schedulers to prioritise the video packets based on their temporal complexity and type of frame (e.g. I frame). The results show that the utility function improves the packet delay performance obtained in our simulation when compared with content-unaware approach. Further, gain in average PSNR and SSIM are also observed in the received video quality. Research on content-aware packetscheduling for telemedicine applications over advanced wireless networks is limited and our work contributes towards addressing this research gap. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
In this paper, we present a novel bandwidth management scheme that we call adaptive bandwidth binning (ABB). ABB is presented in the context of a DOCSIS cable network, but it has obvious applicability to downstream se...
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In this paper, we present a novel bandwidth management scheme that we call adaptive bandwidth binning (ABB). ABB is presented in the context of a DOCSIS cable network, but it has obvious applicability to downstream service on any shared medium access network in which all downstream traffic is scheduled by a single headend device such as a CMTS or wireless base station or access point. ABB is capable of providing approximate weighted max-min fair sharing of downstream bandwidth via a low-overhead scheduler that requires only a small number of permanently allocated queues. A modern delay-based active queue management (AQM) technique is employed to control delays. The performance of ABB is evaluated via ns-2 simulations in which workloads include FTP, HTTP-based adaptive streaming (HAS), and web traffic targeted for different tiered service quality levels. Our results show that ABB is able to provide approximate weighted max-min fair bandwidth allocation among responsive high bandwidth flows while isolating them from low bandwidth and latency sensitive flows. The use of CoDel in each ABB queue is effective in managing latency as required. The use of flow weights in ABB supports service tiering in which subscribers pay more for higher service rates. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
This paper presents packets Processing Algorithm (PPA) in an Internet Protocol/Multiprotocol Label Switching (IP/MPLS) based networks. Mainly involved label distribution using Label Distribution Protocol and packet fo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728128894
This paper presents packets Processing Algorithm (PPA) in an Internet Protocol/Multiprotocol Label Switching (IP/MPLS) based networks. Mainly involved label distribution using Label Distribution Protocol and packet forwarding. Fuzzy based packetscheduling Algorithm (FPSA) would be incorporated with PPA in order to provide intelligent performance to the MPLS core networks. Previously, many research has been proposed on the MPLS Traffic Engineering. However, there is still a need to further research on MPLS simulator using different mechanisms such as the analytical model of MPLS, expert-based packetscheduling algorithm for MPLS QoS support. Since MPLS is not able to provide intelligent routing, it is necessary to propose an intelligent expert system of FPSA combined with PPA together with an analytical model of packet forwarding in the MPLS network. This will be able to justify the control of traffic congestion and reliable services. Furthermore, the network model created using NS2, which carries application such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP) will be used. Performance metrics of throughput and end-to-end delay are considered with the results obtained from trace files. Then, trace files are interpreted and used for the calculations of the aforementioned metrics by AWK script.
We evaluate the performance of modern delay-based active queue management (AQM) algorithms in downstream DOCSIS 3.0 cable environments. Our simulation-based study involves scenarios that include tiered service levels ...
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We evaluate the performance of modern delay-based active queue management (AQM) algorithms in downstream DOCSIS 3.0 cable environments. Our simulation-based study involves scenarios that include tiered service levels and application workloads that include FTP, HTTP-based adaptive streaming (HAS), VoIP, and web traffic. Our results show that AQM maintains target queuing delays and consequently provides strong isolation between responsive high bandwidth and low bandwidth latency sensitive flows. We also show that lowering target queuing delays exacerbates TCP's RU unfairness. Nevertheless, in the scenarios that we studied, observed application performance was not significantly impacted by the specific AQM in use. With the potential large deployment of AQM imminent for DOCSIS 3.0, the analysis presented in this paper provides timely feedback to the community concerning how delay-based AQM can manage bandwidth allocation fairness and application performance in realistic downstream DOCSIS 3.0 cable network systems. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
This paper investigates the performance of well known packet scheduling algorithms developed for single carrier wireless systems from a real time video streaming perspective. The performance evaluation is conducted us...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424455324
This paper investigates the performance of well known packet scheduling algorithms developed for single carrier wireless systems from a real time video streaming perspective. The performance evaluation is conducted using the downlink third generation partnership project long term evolution (3GPP LTE) system as the simulation platform. This paper contributes to the identification of a suitable packetscheduling algorithm for use in the downlink 3GPP LTE system supporting video streaming services. Simulation results show that, in the downlink 3GPP LTE system supporting video streaming services, maximum-largest weighted delay first (M-LWDF) algorithm outperforms other packet scheduling algorithms by providing a higher system throughput, supporting a higher number of users and guaranteeing fairness at a satisfactory level.
This paper investigates the performance of well known packet scheduling algorithms developed for single carrier wireless systems from a real time video streaming perspective. The performance evaluation is conducted us...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424455317;9781424455324
This paper investigates the performance of well known packet scheduling algorithms developed for single carrier wireless systems from a real time video streaming perspective. The performance evaluation is conducted using the downlink third generation partnership project long term evolution (3GPP LTE) system as the simulation platform. This paper contributes to the identification of a suitable packetscheduling algorithm for use in the downlink 3GPP LTE system supporting video streaming services. Simulation results show that, in the downlink 3GPP LTE system supporting video streaming services, maximum-largest weighted delay first (M-LWDF) algorithm outperforms other packet scheduling algorithms by providing a higher system throughput, supporting a higher number of users and guaranteeing fairness at a satisfactory level.
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