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Conference on AOPC - Optical Sensing and Imaging Technology

作者： Chen, Wen Wang, Si-Yuan Sun, Ming-Jie Li, Li-Jing Beihang Univ Dept Optoelect Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510650060;9781510650053

Single-pixle detector based computational ghost imaging (CGI) reconstructs an image by measuring the correlations between the scene and a series of masks. Recently, multi-pixels detector and parallel encoding is used to reduce modulation times and improve imaging speed. Due to the separate characteristics of encoding and detection in CGI system, detector defocus will not lead to image blurring in this single-pixel detector based CGI. However, detector defocus in multi-pixels detector based CGI is different to single-pixle detector based system. In this paper, based on the principle of CGI and the model of detector defocus, the influence of detector defocus in CGI is theoretically analyzed. Simulation and experiment results indicate that the multi-pixels detector based CGI inherits characteristics of antidefocus. The quality of reconstructed image is mainly affected by the degree of defocus and the array size of the detector.

关键词： Computational ghost imaging multi-pixels detector parallel encoding detector defocus image quality

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COMPLEXITY-BASED CONSISTENT-QUALITY encoding IN THE CLOUD 23

COMPLEXITY-BASED CONSISTENT-QUALITY ENCODING IN THE CLOUD

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23rd IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

作者： De Cock, Jan Li, Zhi Manohara, Megha Aaron, Anne Netflix Inc 100 Winchester Circle Los Gatos CA 95032 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467399616

A cloud-based encoding pipeline which generates streams for video-on-demand distribution typically processes a wide diversity of content that exhibit varying signal characteristics. To produce the best quality video streams, the system needs to adapt the encoding to each piece of content, in an automated and scalable way. In this paper, we describe two algorithm optimizations for a distributed cloud-based encoding pipeline: (i) per-title complexity analysis for bitrate-resolution selection;and (ii) per-chunk bitrate control for consistent-quality encoding. These improvements result in a number of advantages over a simple "one-size-fits-all" encoding system, including more efficient bandwidth usage and more consistent video quality.

关键词： encoding pipeline parallel encoding rate control

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PAGE: A Framework for Easy parallelization of GEnomic Applications

PAGE: A Framework for Easy PArallelization of GEnomic Applic...

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IEEE 28th International parallel & Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)

作者： Kutlu, Mucahid Agrawal, Gagan Ohio State Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Columbus OH 43210 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769552071

With the availability of high-throughput and low-cost sequencing technologies, an increasing amount of genetic data is becoming available to researchers. There is clearly a potential for significant new scientific and medical advances by analysis of such data, however, it is imperative to exploit parallelism and achieve effective utilization of the computing resources to be able to handle massive datasets. Thus, frameworks that can help researchers develop parallel applications without dealing with low-level details of parallel coding are very important for advances in genetic research. In this study, we develop a middleware, PAGE, which supports 'mapreduce-like' processing, but with significant differences from a system like Hadoop, to be useful and effective for parallelizing analysis of genomic data. Particularly, it can work with map functions written in any language, thus allowing utilization of existing serial tools (even those for which only an executable is available) as map functions. Thus, it can greatly simplify parallel application development for scenarios where complex data formats and/or nuanced serial algorithms are involved, as is often the case for genomic data. It allows parallelization by partitioning by-locus or partitioning by-chromosome, provides different scheduling schemes, and execution models, to match the nature of algorithms common in genetic research. We have evaluated the middleware system using four popular genomic applications, including VarScan, Unified Genotyper, Realigner Target Creator, and Indel Realigner, and compared the achieved performance against with two popular frameworks (Hadoop and GATK). We show that our middleware outperforms GATK and Hadoop and it is able to achieve high parallel efficiency and scalability.

关键词： Genetic Research parallelization maps parallel encoding Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Genomics Middleware Frameworks effective utilization partitions genetic information parallelism LOW LEVEL

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HDEEM: High Definition Energy Efficiency Monitoring 2

HDEEM: High Definition Energy Efficiency Monitoring

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E2SC 2nd International Workshop on Energy Efficient Supercomputing

作者： Hackenberg, Daniel Ilsche, Thomas Schuchart, Joseph Schoene, Robert Nagel, Wolfgang E. Simon, Marc Georgiou, Yiannis Tech Univ Dresden Dresden Germany Bull SAS Les Clayes Sous Bois France

ISBN: (纸本)9781479970360

Accurate and fine-grained power measurements of computing systems are essential for energy-aware performance optimizations of HPC systems and applications. Although cluster wide instrumentation options are available, fine spatial granularity and temporal resolution are not supported by the system vendors and extra hardware is needed to capture the power consumption information. We introduce the High Definition Energy Efficiency Monitoring (HDEEM) infrastructure, a sophisticated approach towards systemwide and fine-grained power measurements that enable energy- aware performance optimizations of parallel codes. Our approach is targeted at instrumenting multiple HPC racks with power sensors that have a sampling rate of about 8 kSa/s as well as finer spatial granularity, e.g., for per-CPU measurements. We specifically focus on the correctness of power measurement samples and energy consumption calculations based on these power samples. We also discuss scalable and low-overhead or overhead-free options for online and offline (postmortem) processing of power measurement data.

关键词： energy conservation parallel processing power aware computing HDEEM infrastructure HPC racks energy consumption calculations energy-aware performance optimizations fine-grained power measurements high definition energy efficiency monitoring high-performance computing parallel codes power sensors systemwide power measurements Accuracy Current measurement Energy consumption Energy measurement Power demand Power measurement Sensors Power measurement power aware computing energy consumption High Performance Computing Energy measurement Power demand Electric current measurement Current measuring parallel PROCESSING (COMPUTERS) Energy conservation Sensors parallel encoding High definition

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Late Fusion-based Distributed Multimodal Learning

Late Fusion-based Distributed Multimodal Learning

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2023

作者： Giobergia, Flavio Baralis, Elena Politecnico di Torino Turin Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324457

Multimodal artificial intelligence promises deeper insights by analyzing data from diverse sources such as text, images, audio and more. However, efficiently processing and fusing large multimodal datasets remains an open challenge. This paper presents a Spark-based approach to parallelize multimodal encoding tasks. A key aspect is the use of late fusion with frozen backbone encoders, allowing encodings to be processed independently across cluster nodes. The encoded vectors can then be used for a variety of supervised and unsupervised tasks, regardless of whether they are gradient-based or not. Experimental results on image, text and audio datasets show that Spark clusters can offer competitive performance compared to GPUs, especially for I/O-intensive modalities. While GPUs outperform the Spark cluster when sufficient CPU cores are available, Spark makes it possible to use already available commodity hardware. The presented architecture demonstrates how distributed computing platforms like Spark can be effectively 'repurposed' for multimodal AI, enhancing scalability and making such systems more accessible. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： late fusion multimodal learning parallel encoding

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Performance Modeling and Analysis for Critical Section Contention in parallel Codes

Performance Modeling and Analysis for Critical Section Conte...

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IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications

作者： Jiangming Jin Yang Zhang Shanjiang Tang Hongfei Fan School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Tianjin University School of Software Engineering Tongji University

ISBN: (纸本)9781509032068

Multi-core architectures are widely used to execute large scale scientific applications with a shared memory parallelism. The locking policy of critical sections is to protect the data state if multiple threads are simultaneously accessing. Factors such as the portion of the critical section part to the parallel code, and the number of concurrency threads may affect the multi-threaded parallel processing and can then become a bottleneck constraining the overall performance. This paper discusses the impact of critical sections on the overall performance, both in the task parallel pattern and in the data parallel pattern. According to whether forming a congestion queue for a critical section, we propose two different performance models. Furthermore, we introduce an adaptive rule to swap two different models. In addition, according to the adaptive performance model of the critical section contention, an optimal parallel execution paradigm on multi-core architectures is discussed. The result reveals that the critical condition forming a congestion queue for a critical section is the optimal value of the overall parallel performance.

关键词： critical zone core construction PERFORMANCE MODELING critical condition shared memory Best value parallel encoding

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The Case for Higher Computational Density in the Memory-Bound FDTD Method within Multicore Environments

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 2012年第unknown期2012卷 280359.1-280359.6页

作者： Hadi, Mohammed F. Kuwait Univ Dept Elect Engn Safat 13060 Kuwait

It is argued here that more accurate though more compute-intensive alternate algorithms to certain computational methods which are deemed too inefficient and wasteful when implemented within serial codes can be more efficient and cost-effective when implemented in parallel codes designed to run on today's multicore and many-core environments. This argument is most germane to methods that involve large data sets with relatively limited computational density-in other words, algorithms with small ratios of floating point operations to memory accesses. The examples chosen here to support this argument represent a variety of high-order finite-difference time-domain algorithms. It will be demonstrated that a three-to eightfold increase in floating-point operations due to higher-order finite-differences will translate to only two-to threefold increases in actual run times using either graphical or central processing units of today. It is hoped that this argument will convince researchers to revisit certain numerical techniques that have long been shelved and reevaluate them for multicore usability.

关键词： Multi-core processors central processing units algorithms floating point arithmetic Finite differences parallel encoding Runtime Disputes Environments

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Design and implementation of LDPC encoder based on FPGA

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Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation 2021年第1期12卷 12-19页

作者： WANG Guodong LI Jinming ZHENG Zhiwang TIAN Denghui School of Instruments and Electronics North University of China Taiyuan 030051 China

A low density parity check(LDPC)encoder with the codes of(8176,7154)and encoding rate of 7/8 under CCSDS standard for near space communication is *** on LDPC encoding theory,the FPGA-based coding algorithm is *** on the characteristics of LDPC generating matrix,the cyclic shift register is introduced as the core of the encoding circuit,and the shift-register-Adder-Accumulator(SRAA)structure is adopted to realize the fast calculation of matrix multiplication,so as to construct the encoding module with partial parallel encoding circuit as the *** addition,the serial port input and output module,RAM storage module and control module are also designed,which together constitute the encoder *** design scheme is implemented by FPGA hardware and verified by simulation and *** results show that the test results of the designed LDPC encoder are consistent with the theoretical ***,the coding system is practical,and the design method is simple and efficient.

关键词： low-density parity check(LDPC) encoder parallel encoding field-programmable gate array(FPGA) shift register

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MULTIPASS encoding FOR REDUCING PULSING ARTIFACTS IN CLOUD BASED VIDEO TRANSCODING

MULTIPASS ENCODING FOR REDUCING PULSING ARTIFACTS IN CLOUD B...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Yao-Chung Lin Hugh Denman Anil Kokaram Google Inc.

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983407

Low latency video transcoding is an important feature in video sharing platforms. Typically this is achieved by splitting a clip into short segments, followed by parallel encoding of the segments. However, this introduces quality artifacts due to transients in encoder rate control. We present a model for more effectively predicting the behavior of the encoder in each encoding pass, which minimizes this problem. We learn the model using measurements from more than 500 video clips, hence ensuring reliable estimation. Finally, we show that the proposed multipass strategy delivers more stable reconstructed quality for parallel video transcoding frameworks.

关键词： Video transcoding Multipass rate control Videotapes parallel encoding ENCODER transcoding Transient Video sharing

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Rateless Codes with Progressive Recovery for Layered Multimedia Delivery

Rateless Codes with Progressive Recovery for Layered Multime...

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IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference

作者： Zhao Chen Liuguo Yin Mai Xu Jianhua Lu State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University School of Aerospace Tsinghua University EDA Lab Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen

ISBN: (纸本)9781467318808

This paper proposes a novel approach, based on unequal error protection, to enhance rateless codes with progressive recovery for layered multimedia delivery. With a parallel encoding structure, the proposed Progressive Rateless codes (PRC) assign unequal redundancy to each layer in accordance with their importance. Each output symbol contains information from all layers, and thus the stream layers can be recovered progressively at the expected received ratios of output symbols. Furthermore, the dependency between layers is naturally considered. The performance of the PRC is evaluated and compared with some related UEP approaches. Results show that our PRC approach provides better recovery performance with lower overhead both theoretically and numerically.

关键词： PERIODIC REVERSAL error protection parallel encoding Codes MULTI-MEDIA SYSTEM Signs and symbols inequalities Obstetric Delivery

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