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International Forum on Information Technology and Applications (IFITA 2009)

作者： Duan Zongtao Zhang Yanni Duan Zongyuan Changan Univ Informat Coll Xian 710064 Peoples R China Changan Univ Key Lab Special Area Highway Engn Ministry Educ Xian 710064 Peoples R China Xian Metrol & Measurement Technique Inst Xian 710068 Peoples R China Xian Object Software Co Xian 710068 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769536002

In this paper, we describe a parallel language C! for embedded real time image processing. C! is an extension for standard C language. It includes two parts: one is standard C for serial programs and the other is an extension for data parallel programs. Task parallelism is a future supporting. Furthermore stream level pipeline is supported in C! to meet computing units' data requirement in time.

关键词： embedded image processing parallel language pipeline

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Design and implementation of a parallel cellular language for MIMD architectures

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COMPUTER languageS 1998年第3期24卷 125-153页

作者： Vialle, S Lallement, Y Cornu, T Supelec F-57070 Metz France Carnegie Mellon Univ Human Comp Interact Inst Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Simulog F-38240 Meylan France

In this paper we present a new language, called ParCeL-1, intended to make easier the implementation of computation-intensive and artificial intelligence applications on highly parallel MIMD architectures. The computational model of ParCeL-1! is object-oriented and synchronous, based on virtual processors called cells that compute and communicate alternately. The current prototype is implemented on several multi-processor systems (Cray T3D, Intel Paragon, Telmat T-Noe, workstation networks using PVM, and SGI Power Challenge Array). Several applications written in ParCeL-1 are described, together with their performances obtained on a 256-processor Gray T3D. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： parallel language actors neural networks parallel implementation

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High-level parallel computing language

High-level parallel computing language

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Conference on Optimizing Scientific Return for Astronomy through Information Technologies

作者： Zhou, JF Yang, Y Su, Y Tsing Hua Univ Ctr Astrophys Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0819454257

High-level parallel Computing language (HPCL) combines the high performance of Clusters and the easy-to-use property of high-level language Octave. A HPCL program will run concurrently in a set of virtual machines (VMs). Therefore, HPCL programs are machine independent. HPCL keeps the elegant of the current high-level languages. It only needs one additional operator @ to transfer data and commands among the VMs. HPCL is also compatible to the conventional high-level language. Any sequential high-level Octave programs can be run properly in HPCL environment without modification. The realization of HPCL is briefly introduced in this report, including the main system components, execution strategy and message transfer protocol.

关键词： high-level parallel language octave

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2DT-FP: A parallel functional programming language on two-dimensional data

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF parallel PROGRAMMING 1995年第5期23卷 389-422页

作者： BenAsher, Y Runger, G Schuster, A Wilhelm, R UNIV SAARLAND FB INFORMAT 14D-66041 SAARBRUCKENGERMANY TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL DEPT COMP SCIIL-32000 HAIFAISRAEL

We propose a new paradigm fdr programming multiprocessor systems, 2DT (two-dimensional transformations). 2DT programs are composed of local computations on linear data (columns) and global transformations on 2-dimensional combinations of columns (2D-arrays). Local computations can be expressed in a functional or imperative base language;a typed variant of Backus' FP is chosen for 2DT-FP. The level of abstraction of 2DT makes it suitable for programming a relevant set of algorithms, in general any algorithms, whose data can be easily mapped to 2-dimensional representations. A set of examples tries to prove this claim. An interleaving semantics for 2DT-FP is given, exposing the potential for parallel execution of 2DT-FP programs. The claim is proved that any sequential and thus any parallel execution will deliver the same result. The implementation realized on the Intel Hypercube is described.

关键词： parallel language functional programming 2-dimensional transformations SPMD

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Towards Standardization of Measuring the Usability of parallel languages 1

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10th International Conference on parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics (PPAM)

作者： Marowka, Ami Bar Ilan Univ Dept Comp Sci Ramat Gan Israel

ISBN: (数字)9783642551956

ISBN: (纸本)9783642551956

The efforts of the research community and the software industry to make the art of parallel programming easier continue. Measuring the usability of contemporary parallel programming languages and libraries by empirical studies is the key to understanding how programmers are thinking, designing, coding, and debugging parallel programs. In this paper we take apart into their component ingredients the empirical experiments done in the recent years. By analyzing each component separately we can better understand what is missing in these experiments and thereby improve the outcome of future studies. The result of this work is a set of recommendations that aims to make usability studies more convincing so that parallel language designers will take them seriously.

关键词： Usability parallel language Empirical study Productivity

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A PROCESS-ORIENTED SEMANTICS OF THE PRAM-language FORK

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COMPUTER languageS 1994年第4期20卷 253-265页

作者： RUNGER, G SIEBER, K FB 14-Informatik Universit&auml t des Saarlandes 66041 Saarbr&uuml cken Germany

The parallel language FORK [1], based on a scalable shared memory model, is a PASCAL-like language with some additional parallel constructs. A PRAM (parallel Random Access Machine) algorithm can be expressed on a high level of abstraction as a FORK program which is translated into efficient PRAM code guaranteeing theoretically predicted runtimes. In this paper, we concentrate on those features of the language FORK related to parallelism, such as the group concept, a shared memory access and synchronous or asynchronous execution. We present a trace-based denotational interleaving semantics where processes describe synchronous computations. Processes are created or deleted dynamically and run asynchronously. Interleaving rules reflect the underlying CRCW (concurrent-read-concurrent-write) PRAM model.

关键词： parallel language DENOTATIONAL SEMANTICS TRACES PRAM

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IMAPCAR: A 100 GOPS In-Vehicle Vision Processor Based on 128 Ring Connected Four-Way VLIW Processing Elements

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JOURNAL OF SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEMS FOR SIGNAL IMAGE AND VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2011年第1期62卷 5-16页

作者： Kyo, Shorin Okazaki, Shin'ichiro NEC Corp Ltd Syst IP Core Res Labs Tokyo Japan

This paper presents IMAPCAR, a 100GOPS programmable highly parallel vision processor LSI consuming less than 2 W of power for in-vehicle vision tasks of driver assistance systems. First, requirements of vision processors for driver assistance systems as well as the characteristics of vision tasks for safety are summarized. Next, features in the design of IMAPCAR are described in detail, which comparing with a previous design, improved the performance for major vision tasks by a factor of 2.5 while reduced 50% of power. Design choices taken by other in-vehicle vision processors are also compared and analyzed. Finally, technology perspectives of future in-vehicle vision processors are discussed.

关键词： Highly parallel processor architecture Image processing Image recognition SIMD architecture In-vehicle vision processor parallel language

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An integrated memory array processor for embedded image recognition systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 2007年第5期56卷 622-634页

作者： Kyo, Shorin Okazaki, Shin'ichiro Arai, Tamio NEC Corp Ltd Media & Informat Res Labs Nakahara Ku Kanagawa 2118666 Japan Univ Tokyo Dept Precis Engn Bunkyo Ku Tokyo 1138656 Japan

Embedded processors for video image recognition in most cases not only need to address the conventional cost (die size and power) versus real-time performance issue, but must also maintain high flexibility due to the immense diversity of recognition targets, situations, and applications. This paper describes IMAP, a highly parallel SIMD linear processor and memory array architecture that addresses these trade-off requirements. By using parallel and systolic algorithmic techniques, but based on a simple linear array architecture, IMAP successfully exploits not only the straightforward per-image row data level parallelism (DLP), but also the inherent DLP of other memory access patterns frequently found in various image recognition tasks, while allowing programming to be done using an explicit parallel C language (1DC). We describe and evaluate IMAP-CE, one of the latest IMAP processors, integrating 128 100 MHz 8 bit 4-way VLIW PEs, 128 2 KByte RAMs, and one 16 bit RISC control processor onto a single chip. The PE instruction set is enhanced to support 1DC code. The die size of IMAP-CE is 11 x 11 mm(2) integrating 32.7 M transistors, while the power consumption is, on average, approximately 2 watts. IMAP-CE is evaluated mainly by comparing its performance while running 1DC code with that of a 2.4 GHz Intel P4 running optimized C code. Based on the use of parallelizing techniques, benchmark results show a speed increase of up to 20 times for image filter kernels and of 4 times for a full image recognition application.

关键词： parallel SIMD processor memory array processor parallel language image processing image recognition

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The Hydra parallel Programming System

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CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2008年第1期20卷 1-27页

作者： Powers, Franklin E., Jr. Alaghband, Gita Univ Colorado Dept Comp Sci & Engn Hlth Sci Ctr Denver CO 80202 USA

The Hydra parallel Programming System, a new parallel language extension to Java, and its supporting software are described. It is a fairly simple yet powerful language designed to address a number of areas that have not received much attention. One of these areas is the recompilation of parallel programs at runtime to allow a parallel program to adapt to the architecture it is executing on. The first version of this software system focuses on smaller Symmetric Multiprocessing and compatible architectures which are becoming more common. This particular class of machines has a great need for more options in the area of parallel programming among the vastly popular Java language programmers. Hydra programs will run as sequential Java on machines that do not have the parallel support or do not have an implemented Hydra runtime system without requirement of any modifications to the program. This paper describes the language, compares it with other languages (specifically with JOMP, an OpenMP implementation for Java), presents a brief discussion on compiling and executing Hydra programs, presents some sample benchmarks and their performance on three platforms, and concludes with a discussion of issues and future directions for Hydra. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： parallel Java parallel languages multicore architectures parallel processing shared memory parallel language

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Yada: Straightforward parallel programming

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parallel COMPUTING 2011年第9期37卷 592-609页

作者： Gay, David Galenson, Joel Naik, Mayur Yelick, Kathy Intel Labs Berkeley Berkeley CA 94704 USA Univ Calif Berkeley Dept EECS Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Now that multicore chips are common, providing an approach to parallel programming that is usable by regular programmers has become even more important. This cloud has one silver lining: providing useful speedup on a program is useful in and of itself, even if the resulting performance is lower than the best possible parallel performance on the same program. To help achieve this goal, Yada is an explicitly parallel programming language with sequential semantics. Explicitly parallel, because we believe that programmers need to identify how and where to exploit potential parallelism, but sequential semantics so that programmers can understand and debug their parallel programs in the way that they already know, i.e. as if they were sequential. The key new idea in Yada is the provision of a set of types that support parallel operations while still preserving sequential semantics. Beyond the natural read-sharing found in most previous sequential-like languages, Yada supports three other kinds of sharing. Writeonce locations support a single write and multiple reads, and two kinds of sharing for locations updated with an associative operator generalise the reduction and parallel-prefix operations found in many data-parallel languages. We expect to support other kinds of sharing in the future. We have evaluated our Yada prototype on eight algorithms and four applications, and found that programs require only a few changes to get useful speedups ranging from 2.2 to 6.3 on an 8-core machine. Yada performance is mostly comparable to parallel implementations of the same programs using OpenMP or explicit threads. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： parallelism parallel language language design Determinism parallel-reduction parallel-prefix

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