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Framework of Maximum Power Extraction From Solar PV Panel Using Self Predictive perturb and observe algorithm

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 2018年第2期9卷 895-903页

作者： Kumar, Nishant Hussain, Ikhlaq Singh, Bhim Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan Indian Inst Technol Delhi Dept Elect Engn New Delhi 110016 India

This paper deals with a new version of perturb and observe tracking algorithm for maximum power extraction from the solar photovoltaic panel, which has self-predictive and decision taking ability. The working principle of self-predictive perturb and observe (SPP&O) algorithm is based on three consecutive operating points on the power-voltage characteristic. Out of three points, first two points very smartly detects the dynamic condition, as well as in normal condition, quickly searches the maximum power point (MPP) region. Moreover, by using a circular analogy, all points decide the optimal operating position for next iteration, which is responsible for quick MPP tracking as well as improved dynamic performance. Here, in every new iteration, the step-size is reduced by 90% from the previous step-size, which provides an oscillation-free steady-state performance. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is validated by MATLAB simulation as well as tested on hardware prototype. Moreover, comparison between SPP&O algorithm and state of art methods is made. Its satisfactory dynamic and steady-state behaviors with low algorithm complexity as well as the low computational burden of the SPP&O algorithm show the superiority over state of the art methods.

关键词： Solar PV MPPT self predictive perturb and observe algorithm spherical analogy SPP&O

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Development of a hybrid genetic algorithm/perturb and observe algorithm for maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic systems under non-uniform insolation

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IET RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION 2015年第7期9卷 757-765页

作者： Sundareswaran, Kinattingal Vigneshkumar, Vethanayagam Palani, Sankaran Natl Inst Technol Dept Elect & Elect Engn Tiruchirappalli 620015 Tamil Nadu India Sudharsan Engn Coll Dept Elect & Commun Engn Pudukkottai Tamil Nadu India

The power-voltage characteristic curve of photovoltaic systems under partially shaded conditions exhibits multiple peaks and renders conventional maximum power point tracking techniques ineffective. This study proposes a hybrid optimisation algorithm incorporating genetic algorithm (GA) in the initial stages of tracking followed by traditional perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm. Although GA and P&O methods do not guarantee convergence to global maximum power point when employed separately, the fusion of the two methods leads to confirmed global convergences with least time. The excellent performance of the combined method is illustrated through extensive simulation and experimental results.

关键词： genetic algorithms maximum power point trackers hybrid power systems convergence solar cells hybrid genetic algorithm photovoltaic system nonuniform insolation power-voltage characteristic curve partially shaded conditions maximum power point tracking technique hybrid GA optimisation algorithm perturb and observe algorithm P& O algorithm global convergence

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Enhancing the Maximum Power Extraction in Partially Shaded PV Arrays Using Hybrid Salp Swarm perturb and observe algorithm

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH 2020年第2期10卷 898-911页

作者： Balaji, V Fathima, A. Peer Vellore Inst Technol Sch Elect Engn Chennai 600127 Tamil Nadu India

Partial shading is a common problem faced by photovoltaic (PV) modules installed in residential areas. During shaded conditions, the power voltage (P-V) characteristics of the PV array consist of many local power peaks and a global power peak. Out of the many maximum power tracking algorithms, the perturb and observe (PO) is considered as the simplest algorithm. However, PO fails in tracking maximum power during shaded conditions, as it can track only a single power peak. In this proposed work, additional modification to PO algorithm is given by combining it to a metaheuristic Salp Swarm (SS) algorithm. Thus, a hybrid Salp Swarm perturb and observe (SSPO) algorithm is proposed in this paper, wherein the SS algorithm is used to locate the approximate global peak, and PO is utilized to find the exact global power. The proposed algorithm can track the exact power during uniform and partial shaded conditions. The SSPO is tested under steady state and dynamic conditions using MATLAB/Simulink The obtained results are compared with the Salp swarm and conventional PO algorithm and it shows that SSPO can track the maximum power in all the conditions with 99 % efficiency and faster tracking time.

关键词： Salp swarm algorithm Partial shading Maximum power point tracking perturb and observe algorithm Stand alone PV system

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Performance Evaluation of perturb and observe algorithm for MPPT with Buck-Boost Charge Controller in Photovoltaic Systems

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JOURNAL OF CONTROL AUTOMATION AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 2021年第6期32卷 1652-1662页

作者： Bhan, Veer Shaikh, Shoaib Ahmed Khand, Zahid Hussain Ahmed, Tofique Khan, Liaquat Ali Chachar, Faheem Akhtar Shaikh, Abdul Majeed Sukkur IBA Univ Dept Elect Engn Sukkur Sindh Pakistan

The ecological and economical concerns have given rise to the application of solar photovoltaic (PV) system in the community to meet the increased load demands on its own. Owing to the varying output of solar PV modules depending on the weather conditions, the efficiency of system is degraded and thus requires using maximum power point (MPP) tracking technique for utmost power extraction. The MPP methods can be realized both mechanically or electrically using suitable converter topology and appropriate tracking algorithm. However, the mechanical tracker in contrast to electrical circuit is immoderate and inefficient and conversely necessitates to exercise effective and promising power tracking algorithm. This research proposes to implement the perturb and observe (P and O) algorithm for MPPT in charge controller using buck-boost converter to attain desired and optimized results. The use of buck-boost DC-DC converter helps in stepping up/down the voltage level as per requirements under the control of P and O algorithm. Having optimized tracker designed, its performance has been tested at different levels of irradiance and temperature principally with load and battery. Further, the results obtained from simulated scenarios are compared with real-time experiments, which confirm the robustness and effectiveness of proposed MPPT method in solar PV system using P and O algorithm and buck-boost converter.

关键词： PV module perturb and observe algorithm Maximum power point tracking Buck-boost converter

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Improvement of Maximum Power Point Tracking perturb and observe algorithm for a Standalone Solar Photovoltaic System

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MEHRAN UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2017年第3期36卷 501-510页

作者： Awan, Muhammad Mateen Afzal Awan, Fahim Gohar Univ Engn & Technol Ctr Energy Res & Dev Lahore Pakistan Univ Engn & Technol Dept Elect Engn Lahore Pakistan

Extraction of maximum power from PV (Photovoltaic) cell is necessary to make the PV system efficient. Maximum power can be achieved by operating the system at MPP (Maximum Power Point) (taking the operating point of PV panel to MPP) and for this purpose MPPT (Maximum Power Point Trackers) are used. There are many tracking algorithms/methods used by these trackers which includes incremental conductance, constant voltage method, constant current method, short circuit current method, PAO (perturb and observe) method, and open circuit voltage method but PAO is the mostly used algorithm because it is simple and easy to implement. PAO algorithm has some drawbacks, one is low tracking speed under rapid changing weather conditions and second is oscillations of PV systems operating point around MPP. Little improvement is achieved in past papers regarding these issues. In this paper, a new method named "Decrease and Fix" method is successfully introduced as improvement in PAO algorithm to overcome these issues of tracking speed and oscillations. Decrease and fix method is the first successful attempt with PAO algorithm for stability achievement and speeding up of tracking process in photovoltaic system. Complete standalone photovoltaic system's model with improved perturb and observe algorithm is simulated in MATLAB Simulink.

关键词： Photovoltaic Cell Maximum Power Point Tracking perturb and observe algorithm Decrease and Fix Method

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Modified perturb and observe (P&O) with checking algorithm under various solar irradiation

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SOLAR ENERGY 2017年 148卷 128-139页

作者： Alik, Rozana Jusoh, Awang Univ Teknol Malaysia Fac Elect Engn Skudai 81310 Malaysia

This paper proposes a modified maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique for photovoltaic (PV) system using an improved perturb and observe (P&O) with a checking algorithm. The main advantage of this method is its simplicity and accuracy of the algorithm such that it can even be computed accurately using a low cost microcontroller. The basic idea of this modified P&O is adding a checking algorithm into a modified MO MPPT. This checking algorithm functions to determine the global maximum power by comparing all existed peak points first, before the modified P&O algorithm takes place to identify the voltage at MPP (V-MPP), which is needed to calculate the duty cycle for the boost converter. A simulation using MATLAB/Simulink under partial shading condition has been done to test the effectiveness of the algorithm. The simulation results are satisfactory and show that the improved technique is able to track the PV maximum power during partial shading condition with 100% of tracking efficiency and produce zero ripple at the load side. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photovoltaic system Maximum power point tracker perturb and observe algorithm

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A new MPPT design using variable step size perturb and observe method for PV system under partially shaded conditions by modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm- SMC controller

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SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS 2021年 45卷 101056-101056页

作者： Mohammadinodoushan, Mohammad Abbassi, Rabeh Jerbi, Houssem Ahmed, Faraedoon Waly Ahmed, Halkawt Abdalqadir kh Rezvani, Alireza No Arizona Univ Sch Informat Comp & Cyber Syst Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA Univ Hail Coll Engn Dept Elect Engn Hail 1234 Saudi Arabia Univ Hail Coll Engn Dept Ind Engn Hail 1234 Saudi Arabia Univ Halabja Dept Phys Coll Sci Halabja Iraq Sulaimani Polytech Univ Chamchamal Tech Inst Dept Elect Installat Sulaymaniyah Iraq Duy Tan Univ Inst Res & Dev Da Nang 550000 Vietnam Duy Tan Univ Fac Elect Elect Engn Da Nang 550000 Vietnam

Renewable energies, particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) panels have been largely integrated into power systems, mainly due to the fact that this technology is environmentally friendly and available almost everywhere. However, these systems have some challenges regarding their efficiency. They should always follow the maximum power point (MPP) to deliver the highest power. To this end, maximum power point tracking methods, known as MPPT algorithms, have already been proposed to overcome this problem. The MPPT techniques, commonly used, take into consideration unchanged climate conditions. In this respect, a novel framework is developed in this paper for the MPPT algorithm based on a sliding mode controller (SMC) applicable to PV panels with partial shading conditions (PSC) and uniform conditions. This model employs the modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm (MSFLA) to derive the desired values of the parameters of the controller that utilizes the variable step-size perturb and observe (P&O). The performance of the developed framework is based on using the desired values of the SMC for the variable step-size P&O of the MPPT when the system operates in the grid-connected state. The presented framework is abbreviated MSFLA-SMC. This system shows precise tracking under changing weather conditions and it performs better compared to conventional techniques. The developed control system is associated with desired dynamic response and power flow between the PV system and the grid.

关键词： Partial shading condition Uniform condition PV Sliding mode controller Energy efficiency Grid connected perturb and observe algorithm

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Comparative Analysis of the Modified perturb & observe with Different MPPT Techniques for PV Grid Connected Systems

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH 2020年第1期10卷 155-164页

作者： Abdelwahab, Saad A. Mohamed Hamada, Abdallah Mohamed Abdellatif, Walid S. E. Suez Univ Fac Ind Educ Elect Dept Suez 43527 Egypt Min Higher Educ Elect Dept Alex Technol Collage Alex Egypt Minist Higher Educ High Inst Elect Engn Bilbis Sharqiya Egypt Minist Higher Educ Kafr Elsheikh Dept Elect & Elect Commun Engn Higher Inst Engn & Technol Kafr Al Sheikh Egypt

The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are used in photovoltaic (PV) systems to fully utilize the PV array output power that depends on the change in PV radiation and ambient temperature. In this paper, modified perturb and observe (MP&O) algorithm is proposed to be more efficient for MPPT of grid-connected PV system. The results of this MP&O algorithm are shown to track the maximum energy under fast-changing weather conditions at two cases of solar radiation changes, the first case is the solar radiation change in ramp mode, and the second case is the displaying under random change of solar radiation. The maximum power point (MPP) can be obtained by controlling the operating period that is fed on the MOSFET gate within the boost converter. In addition, the control technique used with the three-phase inverter is a dynamic-based PI controller. The MP&O algorithm is built on the determination of the maximum effective point on the property curve and is similar to the traditional scheme. The idea of this comparison is to use the change in solar radiation to determine the difference between the working point of the PV solar array and the number of sectors. The performance is estimated and compared by mathematical investigation and simulation analysis. The proposed method offers high performance and accurate tracking in rapidly varying weather environments.

关键词： Maximum power point tracking perturb and observe algorithm MP&O and grid connected PV system

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Behavioral modeling of a piezoelectric harvester with adaptive energy-investment for improved battery charging

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ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2021年第1期106卷 249-259页

作者： Bortolin, Tales Luiz Aita, Andre Luiz Fed Univ Santa Maria UFSM Postgrad Course Comp Sci PPGCC Santa Maria RS Brazil Fed Univ Santa Maria UFSM Dept Elect & Comp Santa Maria RS Brazil

This work describes the behavior of a piezoelectric energy harvesting system that uses a single inductor and the concept of energy investment for the whole of building a behavioral model for the harvester and a high-level system analysis approach. The harvester modules and control were specified and described in Verilog-A to fully model the energy harvester operation. Simulation results have shown the harvesting mechanism based on the concept of energy-investment and model accuracy, and the effect of the invested energy on the battery charging profile, highlighting the trade-off a constant energy investment time poses to the harvester, unable to meet the requirements a non-constant input vibration sets to system. An adaptive energy investment time based on a P&O algorithm was proposed to cope with this trade-off and added to the harvester model. Performed simulations with adaptive energy investment have shown improved energy harvesting, and that such improvement increases as the input power increases, since the system can tune the energy investing mechanism to the input vibrations.

关键词： Piezoelectric energy harvesters Energy-investing harvesters Verilog-A behavioral modeling and simulation perturb and observe algorithm

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A 3-D Pareto-Based Shading Analysis on Solar Photovoltaic System Design Optimization

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 2019年第2期10卷 843-852页

作者： Asef, Pedram Perpina, Ramon Bargallo Barzegaran, M. R. Lapthorn, Andrew Univ Politecn Cataluna Barcelona Tech Dept Elect Engn Campus Diagonal Besos Barcelona 08019 Spain Lamar Univ Renewable Energy Microgrid Lab Beaumont TX 77710 USA Univ Canterbury Dept Elect & Comp Engn Christchurch 8140 New Zealand

This paper utilizes a Pareto-based, three-dimensional (3-D) analysis to identify complete and partial shading of photovoltaic (PV) systems for a complicated urban environment, where unusual shape of PV and installation topology is studied. The Pareto optimization attempts to minimize losses in a certain area with an improved output energy and without compromising the overall efficiency of the system of which the nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT) for a glass/glass-module is considered as a significant parameter. The system is referenced to the environment based on IEC61215 via a closed-circuit and resistive load to ensure the module operates at the maximum power point. A maximum power point tracking controller is enhanced with an advanced perturb and observe algorithm to maintain the PV operating point at its maximum output under various working conditions. The most cost-effective design of the PV module is achieved via optimizing installation parameters such as tilt angle, pitch, and shading to improve the energy yield. The parameter settings and suitability of the design are also determined based on the reduced amount of CO2 emissions. An experimental investigation has been carried out to verify the 3-D shading analysis and NOCT technique for both open-circuit and grid-connected PV modules.

关键词： Photovoltaic system three-dimensional shading analysis Pareto optimization partial shading analysis perturb and observe algorithm window-zoom-in

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