Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are invariably employed to utilize solar photovoltaic (PV) systems effectively. perturbation based MPPT algorithms are popular due to their simplicity and reasonable effi...
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Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are invariably employed to utilize solar photovoltaic (PV) systems effectively. perturbation based MPPT algorithms are popular due to their simplicity and reasonable efficiency. While novel MPPT algorithms claim increased energy utilization over classic perturbation techniques, their performance is governed by the choice of optimal algorithm parameters. Existing guidelines for parameter optimization are mathematically laborious and are not generic. Hence, this paper aims to provide simple and comprehensive guidelines to ensure optimal performance from the perturbation based MPPT technique. For an illustration of proposed claims, a solar PV fed boost converter is investigated to examine the effect of input capacitor, digital filter cut-off frequency, system time constant and sampling time on implementing a classic perturb and observe (P and O) algorithm. The readers will be presented with two simple step tests (to determine the effective system time constant) and proposed guidelines to choose the optimal performance sampling time. Necessary laboratory experiments show that an appropriate choice of sampling time could increase efficiency and ensure system stability. This investigation's learnings can be easily extended to any power electronics converter, loads and all perturbation-based algorithms used in solar PV systems. The results of appropriate tests on the system's mathematical model and the laboratory prototype are presented in detail to support this research's claims.
This article proposes a standalone hybrid wind-photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system (WPS) with minimal power electronics interface, simple composite control, and optimal energy management strategy (EMS) for effectiv...
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This article proposes a standalone hybrid wind-photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system (WPS) with minimal power electronics interface, simple composite control, and optimal energy management strategy (EMS) for effective utilization of both renewable sources. The proposed system consists of classic perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm applied to the boost converter of the solar PV system and voltage regulation algorithm/hill-climbing MPPT algorithm with zero steady-state oscillation (ZSSO) applied to bidirectional voltage source converter (VSC) of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) for optimal power extraction at all times. The constant voltage to frequency (V/F) ratio is ensured at the point of common coupling (PCC) for the entire operating range to avoid saturation in the self-excited induction generator (SEIG) and the induction motor (IM) pump. The energy management strategy is devised to effectively harness renewable energy from both sources while ensuring the DC-link voltage stability. The system forms compelling proposition, given the least converter count to integrate solar-PV and wind energy employing easy to implement control algorithms with optimal energy extraction. The results of simulation and experimental studies on the proposed system reveal the effectiveness of the composite controller in terms of energy utilization, constant flux operation, and power balance for the entire operating range. Additionally, system exhibits acceptable dynamic and steady-state behavior against variations in wind velocity, solar irradiation, and load.
This paper proposes the mathematical modelling of a photovoltaic module and works out on techniques for tracking and identifying the Maximum Power Point (MPP) related to a voltage value. The MPP is worked out by using...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728160214
This paper proposes the mathematical modelling of a photovoltaic module and works out on techniques for tracking and identifying the Maximum Power Point (MPP) related to a voltage value. The MPP is worked out by using a perturb and observe algorithm and then by Ant Colony Optimization technique. The simulation is done on MATLAB platform. The simulation outcomes prove better modelling results with lesser error to the values specified on the datasheet and to the results already reported in literature. Ant Colony Optimization algorithm discussed in the paper is quite consistent with the metaheuristic techniques and lesser modification is done to the algorithm to suit the current situation as already reported. This algorithm provides faster convergence and a steady output even under adverse situations like change in ambient temperature, change in solar insolation levels and even under partial shading conditions caused due to passing clouds or falling tree branches.
This paper utilizes a Pareto-based, three-dimensional (3-D) analysis to identify complete and partial shading of photovoltaic (PV) systems for a complicated urban environment, where unusual shape of PV and installatio...
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This paper utilizes a Pareto-based, three-dimensional (3-D) analysis to identify complete and partial shading of photovoltaic (PV) systems for a complicated urban environment, where unusual shape of PV and installation topology is studied. The Pareto optimization attempts to minimize losses in a certain area with an improved output energy and without compromising the overall efficiency of the system of which the nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT) for a glass/glass-module is considered as a significant parameter. The system is referenced to the environment based on IEC61215 via a closed-circuit and resistive load to ensure the module operates at the maximum power point. A maximum power point tracking controller is enhanced with an advanced perturb and observe algorithm to maintain the PV operating point at its maximum output under various working conditions. The most cost-effective design of the PV module is achieved via optimizing installation parameters such as tilt angle, pitch, and shading to improve the energy yield. The parameter settings and suitability of the design are also determined based on the reduced amount of CO2 emissions. An experimental investigation has been carried out to verify the 3-D shading analysis and NOCT technique for both open-circuit and grid-connected PV modules.
This paper proposes a high-performance shadetolerant maximum power point tracking (STMPPT) technique for dc-dc converter stage of photovoltaic (PV) applications. The average current-mode control (ACMC) is utilized to ...
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This paper proposes a high-performance shadetolerant maximum power point tracking (STMPPT) technique for dc-dc converter stage of photovoltaic (PV) applications. The average current-mode control (ACMC) is utilized to regulate the PV array current using two feedback control loops. The current-mode control is a superior scheme in control of dc-dc power electronic converters. The proposed STMPPT technique operates in two modes. The ACMC with the perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT algorithm functions in a local MPPT mode under normal irradiance condition. When the PV array is likely to be partially shaded, a global MPPT subroutine effectively scans the PV profile to optimize the PV system operation. This is achieved by implementing simple innovations to the ACMC-based P&O algorithm. The innovations benefit from useful observations of I-V characteristics. The idea behind using the I-V characteristics is to significantly reduce the search space, make the algorithm independent of shading conditions and PV array configuration, and inherently recognize the occurrence of partial shading conditions. The proposed STMPPT technique enables very fast and reliable tracking of global maximum power point. In addition, it can stably work under dynamic environmental change without losing correct sense of tracking direction. Its simplicity and independency would offer a viable solution for PV converter products. Simulation and experimental performance assessments are presented under different operating conditions that could happen in outdoor PV installations.
In this paper, we design a DC/DC converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function for harvesting maximum output energy from the automotive exhaust thermoelectric generator (AETEG) regardless of the engine o...
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In this paper, we design a DC/DC converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function for harvesting maximum output energy from the automotive exhaust thermoelectric generator (AETEG) regardless of the engine operating conditions and values of the connected electrical load. Our developed AETEG has a multi-section structure. Due to non-uniform temperature distribution over the surface of the AETEG each section has its own temperature difference. Application of MPPT devices for such types of thermoelectric generators is accompanied by certain difficulties. Different thermal conditions of each section may cause effectivity losses of MPPT device application. Experiments are conducted with a real car engine and AETEG in order to identify the most suitable connection type between AETEG sections and MPPT device. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
the purpose of this research paper is to discuss an efficient algorithm for tracking maximum power point. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique has been used since decades to improve the efficiency of Photovol...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538695098
the purpose of this research paper is to discuss an efficient algorithm for tracking maximum power point. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique has been used since decades to improve the efficiency of Photovoltaic systems. perturb and observe algorithm is a simple and conventional MPPT algorithm which works by moving towards achieving maximum power point by keeping track of voltages. It calculates the required degree of perturbation based on the step-size and the value of voltage at a given time. Maximum power point techniques yield better results under uniform insolation and other environmental conditions like temperature, but fail to extract maximum power under partial shading conditions. The algorithm is implemented by simulation by using MATLAB/Simulink and the results are discussed. The algorithm is implemented on hardware components, 50V photovoltaic array, DC-DC Buck converter, current sensor and LCD for displaying the results. Finally, a comparison between the results obtained through simulation and hardware components is presented and future prospects are discussed to improve the efficiency of the implemented algorithm.
To extract maximum output from a solar photovoltaic (PV) array, various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms have been proposed in the literature. Among all the MPPT algorithms, perturb and observe (P&O)...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781728143620
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728143637
To extract maximum output from a solar photovoltaic (PV) array, various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms have been proposed in the literature. Among all the MPPT algorithms, perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is most commonly used because it is simple and easy to implement. But, the conventional P&O algorithm has some limitations. It has poor efficiency at steady state as the operating point oscillates around the maximum power point (MPP) and it shows poor dynamic response if a sudden change in atmospheric condition takes place. Also, for single phase Grid connected PV system, dc-link voltage contains a second harmonic ripple. This voltage ripple causes steady state oscillations in PV voltage. To overcome all these limitations, a modified P& O algorithm has been proposed in this paper. It shows improved steady state response and dynamic response during any change in atmospheric condition. The performance of the proposed scheme is verified using MATLAB/SIMULINK based environment.
This paper presents the impact of partial shading to the PV system and proposes an enhanced perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm with a checking algorithm. This checking algorithm compared all existed peaks on the ...
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This paper presents the impact of partial shading to the PV system and proposes an enhanced perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm with a checking algorithm. This checking algorithm compared all existed peaks on the PV curve to clarify the global maximum power point (GMPP). The boost converter duty cycle is calculated using voltage at MPP (V-MPP), identified through a variable step size P&O algorithm. The major advantages of this method are low-cost, simple and accurate. The PV power and voltage rating used for this paper are 42 W and 17 V respectively. Boost converter is used to boost the PV voltage twice for the load. Two different methodologies have been done which were a simulation model using MATLAB/Simulink and hardware implementation using Arduino Mega 2560. Both simulation and hardware results indicated that the proposed algorithm provided excellent efficiency of 99.96% and 99.86% respectively. The proposed algorithm improved the conventional P&O MPPT tracking efficiency by more than 16% during partial shading condition. On the other hand, the system with conventional P&O MPPT seems unstable and produced higher percentage of error. Plus, the boost converter efficiency also provided more than 70% in both conditions. In summary, the proposed method is useful for solar PV in any irradiation condition with high efficiency of the system.
In this paper, we design a DC/DC converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function for harvesting maximum output energy from the automotive exhaust thermoelectric generator (AETEG) regardless of the engine o...
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In this paper, we design a DC/DC converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function for harvesting maximum output energy from the automotive exhaust thermoelectric generator (AETEG) regardless of the engine operating conditions and values of the connected electrical load. Our developed AETEG has a multi-section structure. Due to non-uniform temperature distribution over the surface of the AETEG each section has its own temperature difference. Application of MPPT devices for such types of thermoelectric generators is accompanied by certain difficulties. Different thermal conditions of each section may cause effectivity losses of MPPT device application. Experiments are conducted with a real car engine and AETEG in order to identify the most suitable connection type between AETEG sections and MPPT device.
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