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Optimized Antenna Selection and Adaptive Power Allocation for physical layer network coding With Selective Soft-Message-Forward Cooperation

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 92342-92351页

作者： Bao, Jianrong Lin, Yunxuan Liu, Chao Jiang, Bin Zhu, Fang He, Jianhai Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Sch Commun Engn Hangzhou 310018 Peoples R China China Jiliang Univ Coll Informat Engn Key Lab Electromagnet Wave Informat Technol & Met Hangzhou 310018 Peoples R China Ningbo Polytech Sch Elect Informat Engn Ningbo 315800 Peoples R China

To improve the systematic bit error rate (BER) performance and power efficiency, an optimized antenna selection and adaptive power allocation scheme is proposed for physical layer network coding (PNC) with selective soft-message-forward (SSMF) cooperation. In this scheme, two adaptive power allocation (APA) schemes are proposed for the multiple access (MA) and broadcast (BC) stages, respectively. In the MA stage, the APA scheme aims to maximize the Euclidean distance of network coding symbols received by relay node. In the second BC stage, the relay node takes the maximization of the minimum mutual information of two source nodes as objective function. Then it uses the narrow range method (NRM) to select the optimal antenna set and equally allocates power to them. To further reduce the systematic complexity, an antenna set pre-selection is proposed. It minimizes the antenna number in the initial antenna set of the NRM based on the deletion standard which does not reduce the mutual information in the BC stage. Simulation results indicate that our APA schemes surpass the existing equal power allocation (EPA) scheme with a binary phase-shift keying modulation. Compared with current EPA scheme, the proposed APA schemes for the BC, MA and global stages obtain about 1 dB, 2 dB and 3.5 dB performance gains at BER of 10(& x2212;3) with two antennas in the relay node, respectively.

关键词： Relays Antennas Resource management Mutual information Systematics Complexity theory network coding physical layer network coding selective soft-message-forward antenna selection adaptive power allocation

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Design of Channel Coded Heterogeneous Modulation physical layer network coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2018年第3期67卷 2219-2230页

作者： Zhang, Haoyuan Cai, Lin Univ Victoria Dept Elect & Comp Engn Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada

In a two-way relay channel network (TWRC), the integration of channel coding into symmetric physical layer network coding (PNC) has been well studied, where both sources use exactly the same channel coding and modulation schemes and the relay decodes and reencodes the codewords obtained from the superimposed signals. How to integrate the channel coding into heterogeneous modulation PNC (HePNC), where the sources apply different modulations, is an open issue. In this paper, we propose a channel coded HePNC (CoHePNC) scheme under asymmetric TWRC. For repeat-accumulate (RA) codes applied at the sources, a full-state sum-product decoding algorithm is proposed which enables the relay to decode the superimposed signals from the sources to the raw decoding results firstly, and then re-encode and obtain the network-coded codewords by mapping the raw decoding results according to the proposed bit-level mapping functions. We further optimized the bit-level mapping functions according to the two source-relay channel conditions. Extensive simulation results demonstrated that the proposed CoHePNC outperforms the existing channel coded PNC schemes in terms of the relay decoding error rate and the end-to-end bit error rate under asymmetric TWRC scenarios.

关键词： Channel coding heterogeneous modulation physical layer network coding sum product decoding

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IRS-Assisted physical layer network coding Over Two-Way Relay Fading Channels

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2022年第8期71卷 8424-8440页

作者： AlaaEldin, Mahmoud Alsusa, Emad Seddik, Karim G. Univ Manchester Elect Elect Engn Dept Manchester M13 9PL Lancs England Amer Univ Cairo Dept Elect Commun Engn Cairo 11835 Egypt

This article investigates the performance of intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS)-aided physical layer network coding (PNC) in two-way relaying channels (TWRC). Specifically, IRS is used to eliminate carrier phase offset (CPO) at the relay node. To this end, the IRS reflectors' phase shifts are optimized to align the received signals from two source nodes at the relay. This facilitates using a simple mapping function at the relay to map the superimposed signal to a network-coded signal. Two scenarios are considered, the first of which assumes that each source node is served by a separate IRS panel, while the second scenario considers the more challenging case where only one IRS panel is available for the two source nodes. In the latter case, the IRS panel is seen by both source nodes and its phase shifts are optimized to mitigate the CPO problem while maximizing the received signal amplitude at the relay. This optimization problem is formulated and solved over the complex circle manifold. Finally, we extend the IRS-assisted PNC system to include channel coding and higher modulation orders, for which a repeat accumulate (RA) channel-coded IRS-aided PNC scheme is proposed for general quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals. A belief propagation (BP) based algorithm is designed to decode the network-coded sequences over a q-Ring using modular arithmetic. Our simulation results validate the theoretical error expressions derived for the two-IRS scenario as well as the efficacy of the proposed manifold optimization approach for the one-IRS scenario. The results also confirm the efficacy of the designed channel-coded IRS-aided PNC using high QAM modulation orders.

关键词： Massive MIMO Receiving antennas Precoding Downlink Antenna feeds Transmitting antennas Symbols Belief propagation intelligent reflective surfaces physical layer network coding repeat accumulate codes sum-product algorithm two-way relaying channels

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Secure Beamforming Design for physical layer network coding Based MIMO Two-Way Relaying

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2014年第7期18卷 1270-1273页

作者： Jayasinghe, Keeth Jayasinghe, Praneeth Rajatheva, Nandana Latva-Aho, Matti Univ Oulu Dept Commun Engn Oulu 90014 Finland

In this letter, we propose a secure beamforming scheme for physical layer network coding (PNC)-based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) two-way relaying system. The relay node performs PNC mapping. An eavesdropper is attempting to intercept the user information. The channel state information (CSI) of the user-to-eavesdropper channel is imperfect at the user nodes. A robust optimization problem is formulated to design beamforming vectors at the user nodes and relay. The problem is non-convex, and an algorithm is proposed to solve that. In the numerical analysis, we discuss the convergence of the proposed algorithm and the impact of the CSI error on the performance.

关键词： Multiple-input multiple-output physical layer network coding physical layer security

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Joint Relay Selection and Power Allocation for Two-Way Relaying with physical layer network coding

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2013年第2期17卷 301-304页

作者： Thinh Phu Do Wang, Jin Soo Song, Iickho Kim, Yun Hee Kyung Hee Univ Dept Elect & Radio Engn Yongin South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn Taejon 305701 South Korea

We consider a two-way relay (TWR) network with multiple relays, where the relays adopt physical layer network coding based on decode-and-forward. A joint relay selection and power allocation (RS-PA) scheme is proposed to improve the symbol error probability (SEP) of the TWR network using BPSK modulation under the total power constraint. For the proposed scheme and the benchmark scheme performing RS without PA, the average SEP of the TWR network is derived analytically and confirmed with simulation results. It is shown that the proposed scheme provides an asymptotic SNR gain of about 1.76 dB over the benchmark scheme at the same diversity order.

关键词： physical layer network coding power allocation relay selection symbol error probability two-way relay

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Forced Collision:Detecting Wormhole Attacks with physical layer network coding

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2011年第5期16卷 505-519页

作者： Zhiwei Li Di Pu Weichao Wang Alex Wyglinski Department of Software ＆ Information Systems UNC Charlotte 9201 Univ. City Blvd Charlotte NC 28223 USA Department of Electrical ＆ Computer Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute 100 Institute Road Worcester MA 01609 USA

Previous research on security of network coding focused on the protection of data dissemination procedures and the detection of malicious activities such as pollution attacks. The capabilities of network coding to detect other attacks have not been fully explored. In this paper, we propose a new mechanism based on physical layer network coding to detect wormhole attacks. When two signal sequences collide at the receiver, the starting point of the collision is determined by the distances between the receiver and the senders. Therefore, by comparing the starting points of the collisions at two receivers, we can estimate the distance between them and detect fake neighbor connections via wormholes. While the basic idea is clear, we have proposed several schemes at both physical and network layers to transform the idea into a practical approach. Simulations using BPSK modulation at the physical layer show that the wireless nodes can effectively detect fake neighbor connections without the adoption of special hardware or time synchronization.

关键词： physical layer network coding wormhole attacks cross-layer design

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Polar-Coded OFDM Signal Using physical layer network coding for New-Generation networks

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WIRELESS INFORMATION networkS 2024年第1期31卷 51-60页

作者： Mahmood, Alza Abduljabbar Kadhim, Abdulkareem Abdulrahman Univ Technol Baghdad Comp Engn Dept Baghdad Iraq Al Mustaqbal Univ Babel Iraq

To accomplish the targets of Beyond Fifth-Generation (B5G) networks, considerable spectral efficiency, wide coverage, better reliability, and energy efficiency are the main objectives. In order to enhance the performance of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER), powerful channel coding, such as polar coding, must be considered. In addition, a Massive Multi-Input Multi-Output (MMIMO) combined with OFDM can support better performance and spectral efficiency. On the other hand, physical layer network coding (PLNC) can increase system throughput. This paper explores the integration of Polar-Coded OFDM (PCOFDM) with MMIMO and PLNC to enhance transmission reliability and throughput. A two-way relay transmission scenario is considered at millimeter Wave (mmWave) frequencies. The consequences of the extensive simulation assessments for Multilevel Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (M-QAM) demonstrated that refinements in throughput and BER can be performed using PCOFDM, with PLNC having enough antenna elements in the massive MIMO system at the base station (the relay node). In any case of the number of antenna elements utilized in the user terminal, the BER achievement of PCOFDM-MMIMO with PLNC surpassed that of a similar system without polar code (antenna elements used in the base station are 128 and 256).

关键词： Massive MIMO mmWave physical layer network coding Polar code OFDM

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Cellular-Aided Device-to-Device Communication: The Benefit of physical layer network coding

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2016年第11期20卷 2324-2327页

作者： Jeon, Sang-Woon Choi, Sang Won Kim, Juyeop Shin, Won-Yong Andong Natl Univ Dept Informat & Commun Engn Andong 36729 South Korea Korea Railrd Res Inst ICT Convergence New Technol Res Team Uiwang 16105 South Korea Korea Railrd Res Inst Adv Signaling & Commun Res Team Uiwang 16105 South Korea Dankook Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Yongin 16890 South Korea

We introduce a cellular-aided device-to-device (D2D) communication model in which two D2D transmitters (Txs) send independent messages W-1 and W-2 to their intended D2D receivers (Rxs) with the help of a base station (BS). Specifically, at the first phase, two Txs send their signals to both the BS and two Rxs and then at the second phase the BS sends its signal to the Rxs. We consider a feasible channel assumption that D2D channels are not always available at the BS and each Tx, thus resulting in an outage. For the proposed cellular-aided D2D scheme, the Txs send their messages via physical layer network coding, and thus, the BS is able to decode W-1 circle plus W-2 and broadcasts it to the Rxs. In consequence, from the fact that an outage does not occur if each Rx can decode W-1 or W-2 from its D2D links, the outage probability is significantly reduced compared with the D2D only communication where each Rx needs to decode its own message

关键词： D2D communication physical layer network coding outage capacity cellular networks

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physical layer network coding for wireless multi-way relaying with finite signal sets

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2013年第1期5卷 2-11页

作者： Muralidharan, Vijayvaradharaj T. Rajan, B. Sundar IISc Dept ECE Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India

In this survey article, we consider the wireless multi-way relaying scenario, in which there is no direct link connecting the nodes and multiple nodes exchange information with the help of a relay node. In a multi-way relaying scenario, if several nodes transmit simultaneously, due to the superposition nature of the wireless channel, multiple access interference results at the relay node, which can potentially degrade the performance. However, recent results on physical layer network coding for the two-way relay channel with finite signal sets have shown that the multiple access interference can be effectively tackled by a proper choice of transmission schemes at the nodes. The effect of the multiple access interference is the presence of signal set dependent deep channel fade conditions. For the two-way relay channel, the harmful effect of the deep channel fade conditions have been shown to be avoidable using two techniques: (i) adaptively changing the network coding maps used at the relay node, a process called denoising, which eliminates the harmful effect of the additive noise when a deep channel fade condition occurs (ii) eliminating the occurrence of the deep channel fade conditions at the transmitting nodes itself without any CSIT by Distributed Space Time coding. We survey the results based on these two schemes for the two-way and three way relaying scenarios and point out some problems which remain unsolved. Towards the end, we discuss about the extension of the schemes developed for the two-way relaying scenario to the multi-way relaying scenario.

关键词： Multiple access interference physical layer network coding Wireless multi-way relaying

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Nonlinear Equalization Approaches for physical layer network coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2017年第2期16卷 825-838页

作者： Schmidt, Armin Schober, Robert Gerstacker, Wolfgang H. Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg Inst Digital Commun D-91058 Erlangen Germany

We consider a two-way relaying system employing physical layer network coding in channels suffering from frequency-selective fading. We study decision-feedback equalization (DFE), a technique based on delayed decision-feedback sequence estimation (DDFSE), and Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) approaches for mitigating the distortions introduced by the channel. For DFE, we introduce transmit filtering schemes that generate identical overall source-to-relay channel impulse responses for both source nodes, while achieving the maximum signal-to-noise ratio after equalization for the zero-forcing and the minimum mean-squared error criterion, respectively. The advocated DDFSE approach also relies on transmit filtering at the source nodes. For the THP scheme, we derive the optimal precoding filters that guarantee an intersymbol interference free source-to-relay transmission. In order to obtain a two-way relaying system, which uses the same equalization techniques in both transmission directions, we design a THP-based compromise precoding scheme for the relay-to-destination transmission. The performance of the proposed techniques is compared with that of benchmark schemes with simpler filtering/precoding, where identical overall source-to-relay channel impulse responses are enforced by straightforward but suboptimum choices for the transmit filters. Our results reveal that the developed schemes enable significant gains compared with the benchmark schemes.

关键词： physical layer network coding two-way relaying intersymbol interference decision-feedback equalization delayed decision-feedback sequence estimation Tomlinson-Harashima preocoding

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