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Throughput Capacity of IEEE 802.11 Many-to/From-One Bidirectional networks With physical-layer network coding

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2016年第1期15卷 217-231页

作者： Lin, Shijun Fu, Liqun Xiamen Univ Dept Commun Engn Xiamen 361000 Peoples R China ShanghaiTech Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Shanghai 200000 Peoples R China

In this paper, we investigate the throughput capacity of physical-layer network coding (PNC) in a non-all-inclusive carrier-sensing network with IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function (DCF). In particular, we consider the many-to/from-one bidirectional networks in which a common center node exchanges packets with many other nodes through multihop transmissions. We first analyze the canonical networks with equal-link-length (ELL) and variable-link-length (VLL), respectively, and derive the corresponding analytical network capacity. Simulations show that the throughput capacities are reasonably tight. We further maximize the network capacity by properly selecting the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) threshold/transmission rate through numerical calculation. Last but not least, we identify the optimal number of hops that has the maximum network throughput. In particular, the four-hop canonical networks have the maximum network throughput, which indicates that in a many-to/from-one network with five or more hops, it is preferable to transmit the packets across the four-hop nodes to make full use of the PNC scheme. Simulation results show that the throughput gain of PNC scheme with and without considering the synchronization cost can, respectively, reach upto 291.7% and 340.6%, compared with the traditional IEEE 802.11 multihop networks without network coding.

关键词： physical-layer network coding non-all-inclusive carrier-sensing network IEEE 802.11 DCF throughput capacity

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Zero-forcing dirty paper coding aided physical-layer network coding for MIMO two-way relaying channels with multiple users

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2011年第2期18卷 53-58页

作者： GONG Peng XU Jie QIU Ling Personal Communication Network & Spread Spectrum Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China

This article considers the two-way multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） relaying channels with multiple users,in which multiple users are served simultaneously by the base station（BS） with the assistance of the *** transmission consists of only two phases,doubling the system throughout over traditional one-way half-duplex transmission.A zero-forcing dirty paper coding（ZFDPC） aided physical-layer network coding（PNC） scheme is proposed in this article and the achievable capacity of the ZFDPC aided PNC scheme is *** results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the previous decode-and-forward（DF） and zero-forcing beamforming（ZFBF） aided PNC scheme due to more degrees of freedoms and the advantage of ***,we analyze the effect of the imperfect channel state information（CSI） from RS to users at BS side to show the robustness of the proposed ZFDPC aided PNC scheme.

关键词： zero-forcing dirty paper coding MIMO physical-layer network coding two-way relaying multiuser diversity

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A Practical physical-layer network coding with Spatial Modulation in Two-Way Relay networks

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COMPUTER JOURNAL 2018年第2期61卷 264-272页

作者： Jung, Bang Chul Yoo, Jae Sook Lee, Woongsup Chungnam Natl Univ Dept Elect Engn Daejeon 34134 South Korea Gyeongsang Natl Univ Dept Informat & Commun Engn Tongyeong 53063 South Korea

In this paper, we consider a two-way relay network consisting of a single relay node and two source nodes, where both the relay node and source nodes are equipped with multiple antennas. Two source nodes are assumed to transmit data with spatial modulation (SM) and the relay node is assumed to try to decode the network-coded packet (via bit-wise exclusive OR operation) of the two packets received from two source nodes, respectively. We propose a maximum-likelihood (ML) signal detection technique for the physical-layer network coded packet with SM for the relay node. Extensive simulation results show that the bit-error rate (BER) at the relay node becomes significantly improved with the proposed SM-based physical-layer network coding (PNC) technique, compared with the conventional PNC technique that achieving the same data rate. In particular, the performance of the proposed technique becomes excellent when the number of antennas at the nodes is large and the data rate is high, which implies that the proposed technique is suitable for the next-generation wireless communication system, i. e. 5G. Note that the proposed SM-based PNC technique does not require channel state information at transmitter (CSIT) and thus it can be implemented easily in practice.

关键词： wireless communications physical-layer network coding multiple antennas spatial modulation maximum-likelihood detector

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Channel Decoding for Nonbinary physical-layer network coding in Two-Way Relay Systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2019年第1期68卷 628-640页

作者： Chen, Pingping Shi, Long Liew, Soung Chang Fang, Yi Cai, Kui Fuzhou Univ Dept Elect & Informat Fuzhou 350108 Fujian Peoples R China Singapore Univ Technol & Design Sci & Math Cluster Singapore 487372 Singapore Chinese Univ Hong Kong Dept Informat Engn Hong Kong Peoples R China Guangdong Univ Technol Sch Informat Engn Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong Peoples R China Southeast Univ Natl Mobile Commun Res Lab Nanjing 210096 Jiangsu Peoples R China

In this paper, we propose a generalized channel decoding scheme for nonbinary physical-layer network coding (CD-NC) in two-way relay channels (TWRCs), where two source nodes A and B exchange their nonbinary symbols via a relay. The two sources use the same nonbinary low-density parity-check (LDPC) channel code over the integer ring Z(M) and M-pulse-amplitude modulation, respectively. The existing channel decoding schemes for nonbinary network coding suffer severe rate loss compared with the cut-set bound of TWRC, especially in the low-to-medium signal-to-noise ratio regime. The proposed CD-NC can decrease the rate loss. Our contributions are as follows: 1) We develop a generalized nonbinary sum product algorithm (G-SPA) for CD-NC according to the principle of virtual encoding of the superimposed symbols. Simulation results show that our CD-NC can achieve significant performance gains over the conventional non-binary network coding for both additive white Gaussian noise and fading channels;and 2) We exploit two-dimensional fast-Fourier-transform-based belief propagation (2-D-FFT-BP) and extended min-sum (EMS) decoding algorithms to reduce the decoding complexity of G-SPA. Simulation results show that the 2-D-FFT-BP has the same performance asG-SPA, while EMS can greatly reduce the decoding complexity of G-SPA at the cost of slight performance degradation.

关键词： physical-layer network coding two-way relay channel (TWRC) nonbinary LDPC channel decoding

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Linear physical-layer network coding Over Hybrid Finite Ring for Rayleigh Fading Two-Way Relay Channels

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2014年第9期62卷 3249-3261页

作者： Fang, Dong Burr, Alister Yuan, Jinhong Univ York Dept Elect York YO10 5DD N Yorkshire England Univ New S Wales Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

In this paper, we propose a novel linear physical-layer network coding scheme over hybrid finite ring (HFR-LPNC) for Rayleigh fading two-way relay channels. The relay maps the superimposed signal of the two users to a linear network coded combination (LNCC) in hybrid finite ring, rather than using the simple bit-wise eXclusive-OR mapping. The optimal linear coefficients are selected to generate the LNCC, aiming to: 1) maximize the sum-rate in the MAC phase;and 2) ensure unambiguous decoding. To avoid the performance degradation caused by high-order irregular mappings, properly designed source coding is used for compressing the LNCC alphabet over the hybrid finite ring into the unifying 4-ary alphabet. We derive the constellation constrained sum-rates for HFR-LPNC in comparison with 5QAM denoise-and-forward (5QAM-DNF), which we use as a reference scheme. Furthermore, we explicitly characterize the rate difference between HFR-LPNC and 5QAM-DNF. Our analysis and simulation show that: 1) HFR-LPNC has a superior ability to mitigate the singular fading compared with 5QAM-DNF;and 2) HFR-LPNC is superior to 5QAM-DNF over a wide range of SNRs.

关键词： physical-layer network coding two-way relay channels constellation constrained capacity finite ring

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A New physical-layer network coding Scheme with Eigen-Direction Alignment Precoding for MIMO Two-Way Relaying

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2013年第3期61卷 973-986页

作者： Yang, Tao Yuan, Xiaojun Ping, Li Collings, Iain B. Yuan, Jinhong CSIRO ICT Ctr Marsfield NSW Australia Chinese Univ Hong Kong Inst Network Coding Dept Informat Engn Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Dept Elect Engn Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Univ New S Wales Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

We investigate efficient communication over multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) two-way relay channels (TWRCs), where two multi-antenna users exchange information via a multi-antenna relay. We propose a new MIMO physical-layer network coding (PNC) scheme that includes novel eigen-direction alignment (EDA) precoding. The proposed EDA precoding efficiently aligns the two-user's eigen-modes into the same set of orthogonal directions, and multiple independent PNC streams are implemented over the aligned eigen-modes. We derive an achievable rate-pair of the proposed scheme, for given EDA precoding parameters, over a MIMO TWRC. To maximize the achievable rate-region, we formulate a design criterion for the EDA precoding parameters, and present solutions to the formulation. Closed-form bounds on the sum-rates of the designed EDA-PNC schemes are derived. Numerical results show that there is only a small gap between the achievable rate of the proposed scheme and the capacity upper bound of the MIMO TWRC. It is shown that the proposed scheme can significantly outperforms existing schemes in the literature.

关键词： physical-layer network coding compute-and-forward MIMO precoding capacity

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Short-Packet physical-layer network coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2020年第2期68卷 737-751页

作者： Ullah, Shakeel Salamat Liew, Soung Chang Liva, Gianluigi Wang, Taotao CU Coding Hong Kong Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Dept Informat Engn Hong Kong Peoples R China German Aerosp Ctr DLR Inst Commun & Networking D-82234 Wessling Germany Shenzhen Univ Guangdong Lab Artificial Intelligence & Digital E Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China

This paper explores the application of physical-layer network coding (PNC) for short-packet transmissions. PNC can potentially reduce the communication delay in relay-assisted wireless networks and can thus be instrumental in realizing short-packet communication systems with stringent delay requirements. In this work, first, we first derive an achievability bound for channel-coded short-packet PNC systems. Based on the random-coding error-exponent, the bound serves as a benchmark for short-packet PNC operating with traditional preamble-aided channel estimation and XOR channel decoding. Second, we design a blind channel estimation algorithm and a code-aided channel estimation algorithm for short-packet PNC systems. Both outperform the traditional preamble-aided channel estimation for PNC systems operating with mismatched channel-state-information. As a case study, we compare the three algorithms for packets of 128 symbols over a two-way relay channel. The results show that the blind algorithm outperforms the code-aided algorithm and preamble-aided algorithm by almost 0.2 and 1.5 dB respectively. Furthermore, the blind algorithm achieves the target packet error rate of 10(-4) within 0.5 dB of the random coding bound of an imaginary system in which perfect channel-state-information is available at the relay at no cost (i.e., channel estimation is not required in the imaginary system). The bound and the algorithms give us a fundamental framework for applying PNC to short-packet transmissions.

关键词： Channel estimation Decoding Delays Relays Uplink Estimation Benchmark testing physical-layer network coding short-packet transmissions random coding bound mismatched channel-state-information expectation-maximization belief-propagation

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Buffer-Aided physical-layer network coding With Optimal Linear Code Designs for Cooperative networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2018年第6期66卷 2560-2575页

作者： Gu, Jiaqi de Lamare, Rodrigo C. Huemer, Mario Univ York Dept Elect Commun Res Grp York YO10 5DD N Yorkshire England Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio de Janeiro CETUC BR-22453900 Rio de Janeiro Brazil Johannes Kepler Univ Linz Inst Signal Proc A-4040 Linz Austria

In this paper, we propose buffer-aided physical-layer network coding (PLNC) techniques for improving data transmission over cooperative networks. In particular, we develop buffer-aided PLNC schemes and relay pair selection algorithms for direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA) systems. We devise PLNC techniques based on optimal linear network coding matrices according to the maximum likelihood and minimum mean-square error design criteria in order to generate the network coded symbols that are sent to the destination. In the proposed buffer-aided PLNC schemes, relay pair selection algorithms are developed to obtain the relay pair and the packets in the buffer entries with the best performance and the associated link combinations are used for the data transmission. An analysis of the computational complexity of the proposed techniques along with their sum-rate analysis is carried out. Simulation results show that the proposed techniques significantly outperform previously reported approaches.

关键词： DS-CDMA networks cooperative communications physical-layer network coding buffer-aided schemes

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Channel-Coded physical-layer network coding With OFDM Modulation

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IEEE ACCESS 2018年 6卷 22267-22280页

作者： Xie, Ling Fu Ho, Ivan Wang-Hei Stiu, Zhen Hui Lu, Lu Lu, Weidang Ningbo Univ Fac Elect Engn & Comp Sci Ningbo 315211 Zhejiang Peoples R China CETC Sci & Technol Commun Networks Lab Shijiazhuang 050081 Hebei Peoples R China Hong Kong Polytech Univ Dept Elect & Informat Engn Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Technol & Engn Ctr Space Utilizat Key Lab Space Utilizat Beijing 100864 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Technol Coll Informat Engn Hangzhou 310023 Zhejiang Peoples R China

This paper addresses the carrier frequency offset (CFO) problem in OFDM modulated physical-layer network coding (PNC) operated in a two-way relay channel (TWRC). CFO, caused by node-motion induced Doppler shifts and/or asynchronous oscillators, induces inter-carrier interference (ICI) between OFDM subcarriers and hence, degrades PNC performance. To mitigate the CFO/ICI effect in PNC, this paper considers channel-coded PNC and focuses on the receiver design at the relay. CFO compensation, signal detection, and channel decoding are the three basic signal processing blocks at the relay node. For the latter two, we consider both a joint and a separate design. For the joint design, we construct a factor graph to integrate channel coding with ICI, and then, propose a scheme based on belief propagation. For the separate design, two low-complexity schemes differing in channel decoding are proposed. Our simulation results, using repeat-accumulate channel codes, reveal that (1) a CFO compensation approach that amounts to positioning the relay's oscillator frequency at the middle of the received frequencies from the two end nodes is bit error rate (BER)-optimal for all the three schemes;(2) the joint design is superior at low SNR and/or high CFO levels;and (3) more importantly, with the joint design, for low-to-medium CFO levels, the BER of the channel-coded PNC is comparable with that of traditional point-to-point communications without CFO, thus manifesting itself as a promising technique in OFDM modulated TWRC with practical CFO constraints.

关键词： Belief propagation carrier frequency offset inter-carrier interference OFDM physical-layer network coding

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Decoding Strategies at the Relay with physical-layer network coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2012年第12期11卷 4503-4513页

作者： Bhat, Uttam Duman, Tolga M. Arizona State Univ Sch Elect Comp & Energy Engn ECEE Tempe AZ 85287 USA Bilkent Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn TR-06800 Ankara Turkey

A two-way relay channel is considered where two users exchange information via a common relay in two transmission phases using physical-layer network coding (PNC). We consider an optimal decoding strategy at the relay to decode the network coded sequence during the first transmission phase, which is approximately implemented using a list decoding (LD) algorithm. The algorithm jointly decodes the codewords transmitted by the two users and sorts the L most likely pair of sequences in the order of decreasing a-posteriori probabilities, based on which, estimates of the most likely network coded sequences and the decoding results are obtained. Using several examples, it is observed that a lower complexity alternative, that jointly decodes the two transmitted codewords, has a performance similar to the LD based decoding and offers a near-optimal performance in terms of the error rates corresponding to the XOR of the two decoded sequences. To analyze the error rate at the relay, an analytical approximation of the word-error rate using the joint decoding (JD) scheme is evaluated over an AWGN channel using an approach that remains valid for the general case of two users adopting different codebooks and using different power levels. We further extend our study to frequency selective channels where two decoding approaches at the relay are investigated, namely;a trellis based joint channel detector/physical-layer network coded sequence decoder (JCD/PNCD) which is shown to offer a near-optimal performance, and a reduced complexity channel detection based on a linear receiver with minimum mean squared error (MMSE) criterion which is particularly useful where the number of channel taps is large.

关键词： Two-way relay channels physical-layer network coding union bounds joint decoding list decoding performance analysis frequency-selective channel MMSE detection

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