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National pilot projects for management of diffuse pollution in Korea

DESALINATION 2008年第1-3期226卷 97-105页

作者： Jung, Y. J. Stenstrom, M. K. Jung, D. I. Kim, L. H. Min, K. S. Environm Management Corp Watershed Management Dept Water Qual Improvement Team Inchon 404708 South Korea Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Civil & Environm Engn Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Natl Inst Environm Res Minist Environm Environm Cap Syst Res Dept Inchon 404708 South Korea Kongju Natl Univ Dept Civil & Environm Engn Kong Ju 314701 South Korea Kyungpook Natl Univ Dept Environm Engn Taegu 702701 South Korea

Extensive effort through point source controls, such as the construction of wastewater treatment plants, has been continuously made not only to improve the water quality but also to protect the water resources since 1990 in the Han River basin, Korea. However, it is difficult to maintain biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) concentration below 1.0 mg/L and not able to meet the standard for drinking water sources. One of the main reasons for not achieving the target of water quality management is pointed out as to take insufficient measures toward diffuse pollution, particularly in the control of stormwater discharge. In March 2004, the Comprehensive Measures for Non-point Source Pollution Management in the Four Major Rivers were established under the leadership of the Prime Minister's office and through the cooperation of related ministries. The effective control of Non-point Source (NPS) holds the key to the success of fulfilling total maximum daily loading (TMDL) program. As a part of carrying out policies on NPS pollution management, various types of NPS pollution pilot facilities were installed in the Han River basin at the end of 2005 and are continuously being installed in the other major rivers. The research program will be used to identify and design the Best Management Practices for the Han River and other river basins in Korea.

关键词： pilot projects diffuse pollution monitoring stormwater TMDL Best Management Practices

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Developing collaborative capacity in pilot projects: Lessons from three Dutch flood risk management experiments

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JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2017年 169卷 225-233页

作者： van Popering-Verkerk, Jitske van Buuren, Arwin Erasmus Univ Dept Publ Adm & Sociol Rotterdam Netherlands

pilots are frequently used to explore the possibilities for policy innovation at a distance from the policy regime in a safe environment, but they can also function as a boundary organization and contribute to the development of trust, mutual understanding and reciprocity among different actors with different viewpoints. However, the question of how pilots' particular characteristics contribute to collaborative capacity building is as yet unanswered. A specific domain in which pilots are frequently used is the emerging domain of climate change adaptation. In the Netherlands, pilots are used to explore the possibilities of using a more risk-based approach to flood management. The traditional approach of preventing floods by dikes and dams is gradually being replaced by a risk-based approach called multilevel flood safety. In this approach, which is quite complex compared to the traditional prevention-oriented approach, flood risk management is based on three types of measures at different levels: preventing floods, adaptive spatial planning and emergency management The implementation of this new approach requires collaboration among different public authorities with different task orientations, legal competencies and resources. In 2013, three regional pilots were started to explore how this new concept could be applied. These pilots (in which collaboration was indispensable but also highly difficult because of the huge fragmentation of the policy arena) are analyzed in this paper to determine whether and how the specific functional context of a pilot project contributes to collaborative capacity building, which pilot characteristics contribute to this capacity, and which ones hinder its development. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： pilot projects Collaborative capacity Flood risk management Climate change adaptation Functional context Governance

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Green innovations: The organizational setup of pilot projects and its influence on consumer perceptions

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ENERGY POLICY 2020年 142卷

作者： Grimm, Veronika Kretschmer, Sandra Mehl, Simon Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg FAU Chair Econ Theory Lange Gasse 20 D-90403 Nurnberg Germany Energie Campus Nurnberg Further Str 250 D-90429 Nurnberg Germany

pilot-, test- and demonstration-projects (PTDs) are a prominent policy tool to promote the adoption of smart, green technologies. However, as technology adoption is heavily dependent on the individual attributes and beliefs of potential adopters, it is important to understand the influence of a PTD's organizational setup on technology perception. By varying the information about a PTD's organizational setup in a survey experiment among a selected sample of potential PTD-participants, we gather first experimental evidence for the effect of different setups on the perception of green technologies. We show that the organizational setup has a significant impact on a product's perceived contribution to the energy transition, its establishment in the market, costreduction potential, innovativeness and environmental friendliness. In particular, full organizational cooperation between government, university and industry consistently improves perceptions compared to a partial setup. Regarding the willingness to participate in a PTD, we find that communication and support are the most imperative aspects and even more important than economic benefits. Our findings provide policy-makers with a more ample foundation on how PTDs should be designed to successfully transfer technologies to the market.

关键词： pilot projects Organizational setup Adoption decision Triple helix Innovation diffusion

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Significance of demand response in light of current pilot projects in China and devising a problem solution for future advancements

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TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIETY 2020年 63卷

作者： Tahir, Muhammad Faizan Chen, Haoyong Khan, Asad Javed, Muhammad Sufyan Cheema, Khalid Mehmood Laraik, Noman Ali South China Univ Technol Sch Elect Power Guangzhou 510640 Peoples R China Guangzhou Univ Sch Comp Sci & Software Engn Guangzhou 510006 Peoples R China Jinan Univ Dept Phys Guangzhou 510640 Peoples R China COMSATS Univ Islamabad Dept Phys Lahore Campus Punjab 54000 Pakistan Southeast Univ Sch Elect Engn Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China

The electric power sector significantly contributes to China's economic growth. However, rapid industrialization and urbanization have led to energy shortage problems. More than 70% of customers' demand is fulfilled by fossil fuel sources that threaten the environment. The rapid increase in demand and the need for decarbonization has forced China to work on demand-side management (DSM) to fulfill the power needs of the country. DSM is receiving much importance in China over the past few years. However, it is still in the early phases of development in comparison to other developed countries. At first, this paper points out the need for demand response, which is an aspect of the DSM, for maintaining power system stability and integrating variable renewable energy resources such as wind (on-shore and off-shore) and solar (photovoltaic and concentrated solar power). Then, it assesses China's power sector reforms and changes in demand response policies over the period to promote demand response programs. It also reviews the current demand response pilot projects in China, identifies technical and policy barriers in implementing these projects and proposes recommendations to make it successful across the whole country.

关键词： Demand-side management Demand response pilot projects Solar energy Variable renewable energy Wind energy

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Smart Grid architectures in Austria: an ICT security assessment of relevant pilot projects

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ELEKTROTECHNIK UND INFORMATIONSTECHNIK 2013年第4-5期130卷 115-120页

作者： Haberler, B. Kienesberger, G. Kupzog, F. Langer, L. LINZ STROM GmbH A-4040 Linz Austria Vienna Univ Technol Inst Comp Tech A-1040 Vienna Austria AIT Austrian Inst Technol GmbH Dept Energy A-1210 Vienna Austria AIT Austrian Inst Technol GmbH Safety Secur Dept A-2444 Seibersdorf Austria

ICT will be a cornerstone of future electricity provision, and therefore our power supply system will be affected by cyber security risks. The research project Smart Grid Security Guidance (SG)(2) aims at analyzing such risks and developing appropriate countermeasures. In a first step the ICT security aspects of Smart Grid pilot projects in Austria have been analyzed, for which their system architecture has been mapped to the Smart Grid Architecture Model, a European reference architecture for the validation of Smart Grid use cases. Thus, an ICT architecture model for Smart Grids in Austria can be defined as a basis for further security investigations within the ( SG) 2 project.

关键词： Smart Grid architecture model ICT security pilot projects

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EVALUATING THE OFFICE AUTOMATION pilot projects

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DATA PROCESSING 1985年第2期27卷 15-17页

作者： GOWER, J PYE, R The Economist Informatics Rex House 4–12 Lower Regent St London SW1Y 4PG UK

The consultants assessing the UK office automation pilots outline how the evaluation will take place. In practice there are five types of assessment which can be made in order to test a pilot situation against the sta... 详细信息

关键词： data processing office automation pilot projects

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Physicians' accounts of frontline tensions when implementing pilot projects to improve primary care

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JOURNAL OF HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT 2018年第1期32卷 39-55页

作者： Mansfield, Elizabeth Bhattacharyya, Onil Christian, Jennifer Naglie, Gary Steriopoulos, Vicky Webster, Fiona Trillium Hlth Partners Inst Better Hlth Mississauga ON Canada Univ Toronto Dept Occupat Sci & Occupat Therapy Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Dept Family & Community Med Womens Coll Hosp Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Toronto ON Canada Baycrest Hlth Sci Dept Med Toronto ON Canada Baycrest Hlth Sci Rotman Res Inst Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto St Michaels Hosp Dept Psychiat Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Inst Hlth Policy & Management Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth Toronto ON Canada

Purpose Canada's primary care system has been described as a culture of pilot projects with little evidence of converting successful initiatives into funded, permanent programs or sharing project outcomes and insights across jurisdictions. Health services pilot projects are advocated as an effective strategy for identifying promising models of care and building integrated care partnerships in local settings. In the qualitative study reported here, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the strengths and challenges of this approach. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 34 primary care physicians who discussed their experiences as pilot project leads. Following thematic analysis methods, broad system issues were captured as well as individual project information. Findings While participants often portrayed themselves as advocates for vulnerable patients, mobilizing healthcare organizations and providers to support new models of care was discussed as challenging. Competition between local healthcare providers and initiatives could impact pilot project success. Participants also reported tensions between their clinical, project management and research roles with additional time demands and skill requirements interfering with the work of implementing and evaluating service innovations. Originality/value Study findings highlight the complexity of pilot project implementation, which encompasses physician commitment to addressing care for vulnerable populations through to the need for additional skill set requirements and the impact of local project environments. The current pilot project approach could be strengthened by including more multidisciplinary collaboration and providing infrastructure supports to enhance the design, implementation and evaluation of health services improvement initiatives.

关键词： Primary care Qualitative research Health services General practitioners Implementation science pilot projects

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REDD plus , hype, hope and disappointment: The dynamics of expectations in conservation and development pilot projects

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WORLD DEVELOPMENT 2018年 109卷 375-385页

作者： Massarella, Kate Sallu, Susannah M. Ensor, Jonathan E. Marchant, Rob Univ York York Inst Trop Ecosyst Environm Dept York YO10 5NG N Yorkshire England Univ Leeds Sustainabil Res Inst Sch Earth & Environm Leeds LS2 9JT W Yorkshire England Univ York Stockholm Environm Inst York YO10 5NG N Yorkshire England

We explore the dynamics of expectations in international forest conservation and development programs, and the impacts and implications of (unfulfilled) expectations for actors involved. Early stages of new international conservation and development programs, often involving pilot projects designed to test intervention concepts at village level, are characterized by large amounts of resources and attention, along with high expectations of success. However, evidence shows that these early expectations are rarely fulfilled. Despite this repeated pattern and growing engagement with expectations in critical conservation and development literature, little is known about the dynamics of expectations in conservation and development pilot projects. We address this knowledge gap first by exploring concepts from the sociology of expectations. We then unpack expectations in a case study of REDD+ pilot projects in Tanzania, using extensive qualitative data reflecting the perspectives and experiences of a wide range of actors involved. Our study finds that expectations play a performative role, mobilizing actors and resources, despite uncertainty identified among policy-makers and practitioners. We also find that once raised, expectations are dynamic and continually mediated by actors and social contexts, which conflicts with attempts to 'manage' them. We argue therefore that a trade-off exists between fully piloting new initiatives and raising expectations. We also argue that failure to address this trade-off has implications beyond pilot project objectives and timelines, which are experienced most acutely by village communities. We argue for more critical engagement with expectations and the embedding of accountability for expectations in conservation and development practice. Our findings also challenge the discourse of 'needing' to pilot, which prioritizes awareness, impact and innovation without fully considering the potential negative impact of unfulfilled expectations. (C

关键词： REDD International forest conservation and development intervention pilot projects Sociology of expectations East Africa Tanzania

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The significance of pilot projects in overcoming transition barriers: A socio-technical analysis of the Dutch shipping energy transition

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CASE STUDIES ON TRANSPORT POLICY 2022年第2期10卷 1417-1426页

作者： Stolper, Louis Cornelis Bergsma, Jurrit Mente Pruyn, Jeroen Frederik Josef Delft Univ Technol Fac 3mE Mekelweg 2 NL-2628 CD Delft Netherlands

The energy transition of Dutch shipping is a complex gradual process due to the variety in vessels, cost and lifetime of assets, uncertainty, additional costs of climate-neutral alternatives and required regulatory changes. This paper aims to create a holistic overview of both the transition barriers and enablers. A focus is placed on the significance of pilot projects. Using the socio-technical multi-level perspective as a framework, literature on lock-in mechanisms, strategic niche management, transition pathways, and shipping specific aspects was evaluated as a starting point for determining the shipping specific barriers. Semi-structured interviews with industry experts were used to further develop the overview of the barriers and add the required enablers. Thereafter, three case studies were conducted for additional detail, context and reflection on the theory, barriers and enablers provided by experts and literature. pilot projects can reduce any market entry barrier for a certain vessel and operational area. These barriers can originate from interdependency, costs, uncertainty, the required assets, regulations and mindset. pilots can significantly reduce the additional costs of climate-neutral sailing by tens of per cent, improving the market potential and creating opportunities for follow-ups, scale-ups and spin-offs. Furthermore, pilots can develop clear climate-neutral sailing practices, the new 'ways of doing', which articulates expectations and visions on a future climate-neutral cluster which makes investments less risky. It has therefore been demonstrated that subsidizing pilot projects through local governments can become a key enabler for shipping, since the global nature and complex governance structure make it difficult to initiate and accelerate the transition in other ways.

关键词： shipping Energy transition pilot projects

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Eric Ed369452: Early Alert: a Report on Two pilot projects at Antelope Valley College

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2016年

Eric Ed369452: Early Alert: a Report on Two pilot projects at Antelope Valley College. by Eric; published by

关键词： academic failure alert: antelope basic skills college. community colleges early early intervention ed369452: eric archive followup studies learning problems outcomes of education pilot projects referral remedial instruction school holding power self evaluation (individuals) student attitudes two year colleges

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