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polar coding for Secure Transmission and Key Agreement

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY 2012年第5期7卷 1472-1483页

作者： Koyluoglu, O. Ozan El Gamal, Hesham Ohio State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Columbus OH 43210 USA

Achieving information theoretic security with practical coding complexity is of definite interest. This work first focuses on the key agreement problem. For this problem, a new cross-layer secure coding protocol over block fading channels is proposed. The proposed scheme requires only the statistical knowledge about the eavesdropper channel state information (CSI), and, utilizing a privacy amplification technique, reduces the problem of key agreement to a provably secure coding problem per block. Focusing on this secure coding problem, it is shown that polar codes, introduced by Arikan, achieve nonzero perfect secrecy rates for the binary-input degraded wiretap channel while enjoying a remarkably low encoding-decoding complexity. We further show that, in the special case of symmetric main and eavesdropper channels, this coding technique achieves the secrecy capacity. This approach is also extended to the multiple-access channel with a degraded eavesdropper where a nontrivial achievable secrecy region is established. This polar coding method is then utilized in the proposed key agreement protocol, where the secure coding per block is used to create an advantage for the legitimate nodes over the eavesdropper, which is then turned into a private key via the privacy amplification module.

关键词： Information theoretic security key agreement polar coding secrecy capacity wiretap channel

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Achieving the capacity of half-duplex degraded relay channels using polar coding

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2014年第3期27卷 584-592页

作者： Duo Bin Wang Zhenyong Gu Xuemai Guo Qing School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

In this paper, a novel transmission protocol based on polar coding is proposed for the half-duplex degraded relay channel. In the proposed protocol, referred to as the partial message relaying, the relay only needs to forward a part of the decoded source message that the destination needs according to the exquisite nested structure of polar codes. Theoretically, it is proved that the scheme can achieve the capacity of the half-duplex relay channel under the decode-and-forward （DF） cooperation strategy while enjoying low encoding/decoding complexity. Practically, in order to minimize the global transmission power, the optimization of the power allocation is performed between the source and the relay by using information theoretic tools. Furthermore, a joint iterative soft parallel interference cancellation receiver structure is developed to suit to the proposed scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional scheme designed by low-density parity-check （LDPC） codes.

关键词： Channel capacity Decode-and-forward:Half-duplex Iterative decoding polar coding Relay channel

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Secret Key Generation Using Short Blocklength polar coding Over Wireless Channels

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IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN SIGNAL PROCESSING 2022年第1期16卷 144-157页

作者： Hentila, Henri Shkel, Yanina Y. Koivunen, Visa Aalto Univ Sch Elect Engn Dept Signal Proc & Acoust Espoo 02150 Finland Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Sch Comp & Commun Sci CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

This paper investigates the problem of secret key generation from correlated Gaussian random variables in the short blocklength regime. Short blocklengths are commonly employed in massively connected IoT sensor networks in 5G and beyond wireless systems. polar codes have previously been shown to be applicable to the secret key generation problem, and are known to perform well for short blocklengths in the channel coding context. Inspired by these findings, we propose an explicit protocol based on polar codes for generating secret keys in the short blocklength regime. This protocol differs from previously proposed key generation protocols based on polar coding in two main ways: (i) we consider a Gaussian source for the key generation;(ii) we focus on the short blocklength regime. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol performs well even for very short blocklengths, especially if one can relax the BER/BLER requirements for the generated keys. They also demonstrate that the polar code based protocol outperforms a similar one using LDPC codes in place of polar codes, and that this advantage grows the shorter the blocklength becomes.

关键词： Protocols Channel estimation polar codes Indexes Encoding Wireless communication Encryption physical-layer security secret key generation Gaussian source model short blocklength polar coding

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Performance of polar coding for the power line communications in the presence of impulsive noise

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2015年第17期9卷 2101-2106页

作者： Jin, Liping Li, Youming Li, Bin Wei, Zhuanghun Shi, Jiong Ningbo Univ Coll Informat Sci & Engn Ningbo 315211 Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Wanli Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Ningbo 315100 Zhejiang Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

In this study, the authors propose a polar coding (PC) scheme for the power line communication (PLC) system to cope with the impulsive noise and thereby promote the transmission performance. This new error-correcting coding scheme is essentially inspired on a novel conception of channel polarisation. To be specific, via recursively channel combing and splitting, a group of channels with ideal transmission conditions, that is having a capacity of 1, will be constructed to carry the useful information, while the other band sub-channels bear useless information. The decoding performance of PC under realistic impulsive noises is investigated under the condition that the impulsive noise is modelled by a well-known Middleton Class-A model. To mitigate the error propagation caused by sudden strong impulsive noises and further enhance the decoding performance, a matrix interleave operator is integrated. Simulations validate the suggested PC scheme in PLC systems. Compared with another commonly used low-density parity-check (LDPC) coding scheme, the suggested PC scheme, which has the low complexity, can significantly improve the bit error rate (BER) performance of PLC transmissions with impulsive interference. The PC scheme, as demonstrated by simulation results, can be of great importance to practical PLC systems.

关键词： carrier transmission on power lines parity check codes matrix algebra polarisation polar coding power line communications impulsive noise PLC system error-correcting coding scheme channel polarisation realistic impulsive noises Middleton Class-A model matrix interleave operator low-density parity-check coding scheme

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A Novel Two-Stage Compression Scheme Combining polar coding and Linear Prediction coding for Fronthaul Links in Cloud-RAN

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2017年第5期E100B卷 691-701页

作者： Yang, Fangliao Niu, Kai Dong, Chao Tian, Baoyu Liu, Zhihui Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Minist Educ Key Lab Universal Wireless Commun Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

The transmission on fronthaul links in the cloud radio access network has become a bottleneck with the increasing data rate. In this paper, we propose a novel two-stage compression scheme for fronthaul links. In the first stage, the commonly used techniques like cyclic prefix stripping and sampling rate adaptation are implemented. In the second stage, a structure called linear prediction coding with decision threshold (LPC-DT) is proposed to remove the redundancies of signal. Considering that the linear prediction outputs have large dynamic range, a two-piecewise quantization with optimized decision threshold is applied to enhance the quantization performance. In order to further lower the transmission rate, a multi-level successive structure of lossless polar source coding is proposed to compress the quantization output with low encoding and decoding complexity. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme with LPC-DT and LPSC offers not only significantly better compression ratios but also more flexibility in bandwidth settings compared with traditional ones.

关键词： Cloud-RAN data compression fronthaul linear prediction coding polar coding

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Irregular polar coding for Complexity-Constrained Lightwave Systems

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JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY 2018年第11期36卷 2248-2258页

作者： Koike-Akino, Toshiaki Cao, Congzhe Wang, Ye Draper, Stark C. Millar, David S. Kojima, Keisuke Parsons, Kieran Galdino, Lidia Elson, Daniel J. Lavery, Domanic Bayvel, Polina Mitsubishi Elect Res Labs Cambridge MA 02139 USA Univ Alberta Dept Elect & Comp Engn Edmonton AB T6G 2V4 Canada Univ Toronto Dept Elect & Comp Engn Toronto ON M5S 3G4 Canada UCL Opt Networks Grp Torrington Pl London WC1E 7JE England

Next-generation fiber-optic communications call for ultra-reliable forward error correction codes that are capable of low-power and low-latency decoding. In this paper, we propose a new class of polar codes, whose polarization units are irregularly pruned to reduce computational complexity and decoding latency without sacrificing error correction performance. We then experimentally demonstrate that the proposed irregular polar codes can outperform state-of-the-art low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, while decoding complexity and latency can be reduced by at least 30% and 70%, respectively, versus regular polar codes, while also obtaining a marginal performance improvement.

关键词： Coherent fiber-optic communications complexity/latency reduction FEC irregular degree polar coding

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polar coding for Secure Transmission and Key Agreement

Polar Coding for Secure Transmission and Key Agreement

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21st Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

作者： Koyluoglu, O. Ozan El Gamal, Hesham Ohio State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Columbus OH 43210 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424480166

Wyner's work on wiretap channels and the recent works on information theoretic security are based on random codes. Achieving information theoretical security with practical coding schemes is of definite interest. In this note, the attempt is to overcome this elusive task by employing the polar coding technique of Arikan. It is shown that polar codes achieve nontrivial perfect secrecy rates for binary-input degraded wiretap channels while enjoying their low encoding-decoding complexity. In the special case of symmetric main and eavesdropper channels, this coding technique achieves the secrecy capacity. Next, fading erasure wiretap channels are considered and a secret key agreement scheme is proposed, which requires only the statistical knowledge of the eavesdropper channel state information (CSI). The enabling factor is the creation of advantage over Eve, by blindly using the proposed scheme over each fading block, which is then exploited with privacy amplification techniques to generate secret keys.

关键词： binary-input degraded wiretap channels channel coding eavesdropper channel state information fading channels fading erasure wiretap channels low encoding-decoding complexity nontrivial perfect secrecy rates polar coding privacy amplification techniques secret key agreement scheme secure transmission symmetric main channels telecommunication security

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polar coding for Reliable Communications over Parallel Channels

Polar Coding for Reliable Communications over Parallel Chann...

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IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW)

作者： Hof, Eran Sason, Igal Shamai, Shlomo Technion Israel Inst Technol IL-32000 Haifa Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781424482641

A capacity-achieving polar coding scheme is introduced for reliable communications over a set of parallel communication channels. They are assumed to be arbitrarily-permuted memoryless binary-input and output-symmetric (MBIOS) channels, and they form a set of (stochastically) degraded channels. The general case where the parallel channels are not necessarily degraded is addressed in the full paper version [3], though the suggested scheme is not capacity-achieving in the general case.

关键词： arbitrarily permuted memoryless binary input-output symmetric channel channel coding information theory parallel channels polar coding reliable communications stochastically degraded channels

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Secrecy Transmission Scheme Based on 2-D polar coding Over Block Fading Wiretap Channels

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2018年第5期22卷 882-885页

作者： Hao, Wentao Yin, Liuguo Huang, Qin Tsinghua Univ Sch Aerosp Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

This letter discusses a secrecy transmission scheme based on 2-D polar coding over block fading wiretap channels. Unlike the previous approaches using 1-D polar coding, we propose to encode the secret bits in two dimensions to adapt to variation of the instantaneous secrecy capacity. In the proposed scheme, intra-block coding in one dimension is used to guarantee reliability, and cross-block coding in the other dimension is used to combat eavesdropping. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that our scheme is able to achieve the maximum perfect secrecy rate asymptotically. Simulation results show that the equivocation rate of eavesdropper is close to the secrecy capacity of the system with finite codelength.

关键词： Physical-layer security polar coding block fading channel wiretap channel

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Secure polar coding With REP and XOR coding

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2017年第10期21卷 2126-2129页

作者： Kim, Il-Min Kim, Byoung-Hoon Ahn, Joon Kui Queens Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada LG Elect Seoul 06772 South Korea

In this letter, we study the secure data communication by polar coding. In polar coding, all bit-channels perfectly polarize when the codelength goes to infinity. With finite and practical codelength, however, many bit-channels do not perfectly polarize and this significantly degrades the secrecy rate. To address this issue, we propose to use repetition (REP) coding and exclusive-or (XOR) coding combined with polar coding. To make the proposed approach practical, we develop simple design methods for REP and XOR codings. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed secure polar coding improves the secrecy rate and security gap considerably.

关键词： Grey bit-channels polar coding REP XOR

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